173,427 research outputs found
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[Binder's Collection: A. Worrell]
No full textBound compilation of sheet music from the collection of Thurman Morrison, presumably compiled by Ann Worrell, whose name is inscribed on multiple works within the volume. The vast majority of titles in this collection were published in Philadelphia, and the remainder in Baltimore, between 1796 and 1830. A number of items have themes related to Scotland, along with several works about soldiers. Composers Michael Kelly, Joseph Mazinghi, John Stevenson, and Thomas H. Thompson are most prominent, with three works each, and Thomas Moore was the lyricist for four works. George Willig, G.E. Blake, and various iterations of the Carr publishing company are the most prominent publishers in this volume
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Reducing Stereotype Threat in Academically At-Risk African-Americans Students: A Self-
No full textAbstractReducing Stereotype Threat in Academically At-Risk African- Americans Students: A Self- Affirmation InterventionbyCrystal Marie SimmonsDoctor of Philosophy in EducationUniversity of California, BerkeleyProfessor Frank C. Worrell, ChairIn this study, I examined the effectiveness of a self-affirmation intervention (Cohen et al., 2006) with a sample of African American high school students who were at risk for academic failure. Participants consisted of 47 African-American students from 3 different high schools. Unlike previous research, results indicated that students who received the self-affirmation did not earn higher GPAs at the end of the first semester. Students who received the self-affirmation intervention also did not feel more psychologically engaged within the academic environment. Reasons for these disparate findings in comparison to previous research are discussed. Implications for stereotype threat theory and what type of students can benefit from this intervention are also discussed
JMAI_Metacognition_Examples – Supplemental material for Comparing Metacognition Assessments of Mathematics in Academically Talented Students
No full textSupplemental material, JMAI_Metacognition_Examples for Comparing Metacognition Assessments of Mathematics in Academically Talented Students by Adena E. Young and Frank C. Worrell in Gifted Child Quarterly</p
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More than Colonialism: Expanding Theories of Filipino American Cultural Identity
No full textUmaña-Taylor et al. (2014) defined ethnic-racial identity (ERI) as “a multidimensional, psychological construct that encompasses individuals' beliefs and attitudes regarding their ethnic/racial group memberships and the developmental processes through which these beliefs and attitudes evolve over time” (p. 23). Although researchers have examined related psychological constructs, such as ethnic identity (Mossakowski, 2003) and colonial mentality (David & Okazaki, 2006a) with Filipino American samples, researchers have yet to investigate the ERI construct with this group. This dissertation consists of three studies that expands the ERI literature by examining the cultural identity attitudes of Filipino American adults.
The first study was a validation study of Cross Ethnic-Racial Identity Scale – Adult (CERIS-A; Worrell & Vandiver, 2016) scores with Filipino American adults. The CERIS-A was previously only examined for African Americans, Asian Americans, European Americans, and Latinx Americans (Worrell et al., 2019) and CERIS-A scores were found to be internally consistent, structurally valid, and the 7-factor model fit the data well. Filipino Americans are one of the only Asian American ethnic subgroups to have a history of U.S. colonialism. Investigating cultural identity constructs among Filipino Americans may provide valuable insights into the effects of U.S. colonization on the mental health and psychosocial outcomes of this community. In this study, the psychometric properties of the CERIS-A were examined with a Filipino American adult sample. In addition, confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to see if the 7-factor model fit the data well. Intercorrelations between CERIS-A subscale scores and psychosocial outcomes were also examined. Internal consistency estimates for CERIS-A scores across the seven subscales were moderate to strong (.65 ≤ α ≤ .91; .67 ≤ ω ≤ .91), with only Ethnocentricity scores having reliability estimates < .73. Confirmatory factor analysis provided support for the CERIS-A’s 7-factor model and subscale scores had meaningful associations with ethnic identity, collective self-esteem, and other-group orientation scores. Findings showed that the CERIS-A was an effective tool for assessing the ERI attitudes of Filipino American adults.
In the second study, person-centered methods were used to examine the ERI attitudinal profiles of Filipino American adults in relation to measures of mental health, well-being, and colonial mentality. Key theories in Filipino American psychology, like the Pilipino American Identity Development model (PAID; Nadal, 2004) and the Colonial Mentality construct (David & Okazaki, 2006a) have not been examined using an ERI theoretical framework. Person-centered methods are an increasingly used approach for examining the ethnic/racial identity (ERI) attitudes of different ethnic/racial groups. Several arguments in the literature underscore the need to examine racial identity through multivariate approaches to fully encompass the complexity of the individual’s racial identity attitudes (Vandiver et al., 2002; Worrell et al., 2006; Worrell et al., 2023). Examining the ERI attitudinal profiles of Filipino American adults using CERIS-A scores may provide evidence of ERI attitudinal profiles that mirror the stages described in the PAID model (Nadal, 2004). Results indicated that a 5-profile solution showed the best fit (Low Race Salience, Multiculturalist Racial, Conflicted, Multiculturalist Inclusive, and Assimilated/Miseducated). There were statistically significant and meaningful differences across ERI profiles on the measures of mental health, well-being, and colonial mentality. One of the profiles, the Multiculturalist Racial profile, has not yet been found in previous racial identity research. These findings support the overall examination of ERI attitudinal profiles among Filipino American adults.
In the third study, I used person-centered methods to examine the concept of colonial mentality (CM; David & Okazaki, 2006b), the main psychological construct in Filipino American psychology. Researchers have used variable-centered methods to examine the relationships between CM and psychological well-being. Scholars have also described CM as being pervasive among Filipino Americans without any robust empirical evidence of its prevalence. Overall, there is a need to critically examine the CM construct, its prevalence, and the most appropriate ways to study it within Filipino American psychology. In this paper, I used latent profile analysis to examine the Colonial Mentality Scale (CMS; David & Okazaki, 2006b) scores of Filipino American adults. I also compared CM profiles based on their differences in scores on psychosocial, cultural identity, and well-being variables. Results indicated that a 3-profile solution showed the best fit (Low CM, Medium CM, and High CM). There were meaningful differences in scores among CM profiles on measures of ethnic/racial identity attitudes and psychosocial outcomes, but not on measures of depression symptoms and personal self-esteem. Findings from this dissertation expand on previous theories of Filipino American cultural identity by using the ERI construct and person-centered methods
Barriers and drivers for energy efficiency: Different perspectives from an exploratory study in the Netherlands
No full textIncreased energy efficiency represents a crucial opportunity for European industrial sustainability, but several barriers still need to be tackled. Thus, it is crucial to understand the existing mismatches between the perception of enterprises and what the major actors promoting energy efficiency believe enterprises suffer from and need within the decision-making process. To do so, we have performed an exploratory
investigation analysing a set of manufacturing enterprises participating in the Dutch voluntary agreements.
The study involved the major external actors, i.e. the national energy agency, governmental and industrial organisations, to map their views on the decision-making process. Results show that enterprises agree not only on the most important barriers and drivers, but also on the mechanisms underlying them. However, even a general common understanding of the barriers is disputed when major external actors are considered, as they only agree on the primary role of economic barriers. Mismatches appear when considering how single barriers affect the decision-making process and which drivers – and actors promoting them – need to be addressed. Although voluntary agreements represent the most popular instrument on energy efficiency in the Netherlands, they do not seem to be considered by small and medium-sized enterprises as a stimulus for improving energy efficiency. Crucial for future success are the link with other policy instruments, and the degree to which the instruments trigger the right drivers and barriers at the right moment
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Time Attitude Profiles in Adolescents: Predicting Differences in Educational Outcomes and Psychological Wellbeing
No full textThe purpose of the present study was to examine two research questions. Are there interpretable time attitude profiles based on positive and negative attitudes toward the past, the present, and the future in adolescents? If so, do time attitude profiles predict concurrent differences in adolescents' educational outcomes and psychological wellbeing? Results indicated that there are adolescent time attitude profiles. Adolescents (M age = 16; N = 300) were grouped into three clusters: (a) an Optimistic profile (n = 85, 28.3%), (b) a Tendentially Pessimistic profile (n = 69, 23%), and (c) a Balanced profile (n = 146, 48.7%). Adolescents with the Optimistic profile reported substantially higher positive time attitude scores and substantially lower negative time attitude scores than sample mean scores across Adolescent Time Perspective Inventory-Time Attitude subscales (ATPI-TA; Mello & Worrell, 2007). Tendentially Pessimistic adolescents reported similar scores for positive and negative attitudes toward all three time periods. Scores for negative time attitudes among Tendentially Pessimistic adolescents were substantially higher than sample mean scores, and scores for positive time attitudes among Tendentially Pessimistic adolescents were substantially lower than sample mean scores. The Balanced profile was characterized by more pronounced positive attitudes than negative attitudes toward all three time periods, and this cluster's scores were closest to the overall sample means across ATPI-TA subscales. Differences in adolescent time attitude profiles predicted concurrent differences in educational outcomes and psychological wellbeing. Optimistic adolescents reported higher scores for college type, educational expectations, grade point average, considering the future, and self-esteem than adolescents with Balanced or Tendentially Pessimistic profiles. Optimistic adolescents also reported the lowest scores for perceived stress. In contrast, adolescents with the Tendentially Pessimistic profile reported lower scores for college type, educational expectations, grade point average, considering the future, and self-esteem than adolescents with Balanced or Optimistic profiles. Moreover, Tendentially Pessimistic adolescents reported the highest scores for perceived stress
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Mitomycin C in highly myopic eyes - Author reply
No full textOphthalmology. 2005 Feb;112(2):208-18; discussion 219.
Mitomycin C modulation of corneal wound healing after photorefractive keratectomy in highly myopic eyes.
Gambato C, Ghirlando A, Moretto E, Busato F, Midena E.
SourceRefractive Surgery Service and Antimetabolite Therapy Research Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of topical mitomycin C in corneal wound healing (CWH) after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in highly myopic eyes.
DESIGN: Prospective, double-masked, randomized clinical trial.
PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-two eyes of 36 patients affected by high (>7 diopters) myopia.
METHODS: In each patient, one eye was randomly assigned to PRK with intraoperative topical 0.02% mitomycin C application, and the fellow eye was treated with a placebo. Postoperatively, mitomycin C-treated eyes received artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months), whereas the fellow eye was treated with fluorometholone sodium 2% and artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity, manifest refraction, and biomicroscopy. Contrast sensitivity was determined using the Pelli-Robson chart. Corneal confocal microscopy documented CWH.
RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 18 months (range, 12-36). No side effects or toxic effects were documented. At 12-month follow-up examination, UCVAs (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) were 0.4+/-0.48 and 0.5+/-0.53 (P = .03) in mitomycin C-treated eyes and corticosteroid-treated eyes, respectively. At 1 year, corneal haze developed in 20% of corticosteroid-treated eyes, versus 0% of mitomycin C-treated eyes. At 12, 24, and 36 months, corneal confocal microscopy showed activated keratocytes and extracellular matrix significantly more evident in untreated eyes (Ps = 0.004, 0.024, and 0.046, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Topical intraoperative application of 0.02% mitomycin C can reduce haze formation in highly myopic eyes undergoing PRK.
Comment in
Ophthalmology. 2006 Feb;113(2):357; author reply 357-8
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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Towards a Comprehensive Understanding of Adolescent Ethnic-Racial Identity: Measure Validation, Latent Profile Analyses, and Associations with Outcomes
No full textIn this three-study dissertation, I present a comprehensive examination of adolescent ethnic-racial identity (ERI). I began by exploring ERI status profiles in an ethnoracially diverse youth sample, then shifted focus to examine the psychometric properties of Cross Ethnic-Racial Identity Scale–Youth scores (CERIS-Y; Worrell et al., 2016) and ERI attitude profiles within a sample of youth with Chinese heritage. In Study 1, I conducted latent profile analysis (LPA) using Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure–Revised (MEIM-R; Phinney & Ong, 2007) scores from a diverse sample of 1,797 adolescents in the United States. Four profiles emerged (Strongly Diffused, Moderately Diffused, Balanced, and Achieved), which differed significantly in relation to expectation for discrimination, perceived education utility, and school belonging. Crucially, the finding that the Achieved profile reported both adaptive outcomes and the highest expectation of discrimination highlighted the limitations of a process-only model and established the need to examine ERI content that provides context for the outcomes observed across these process profiles.To investigate ERI content, a shift in measurement and population was required. Therefore, in Study 2, I first addressed the methodological need to validate an attitudinal measure, the CERIS-Y, within a specific, under-researched population. Confirmatory factor analysis using CERIS-Y scores from 133 adolescents with Chinese heritage supported a modified 26-item, 7-factor structure with an acceptable fit in the current sample. Most modified subscales demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (αs & ωs ≥ .70). Convergent validity of the modified CERIS-Y scores was generally supported through theoretically consistent correlations with MEIM-R scores (Phinney & Ong, 2007) and In-Group Identification Scale (Leach et al., 2008) scores. However, the modified CERIS-Y scores were not invariant across genders.Building on this psychometric foundation, in Study 3, I used LPA with the validated CERIS-Y scores to identify distinct ERI attitude profiles in the Chinese heritage sample. A seven-profile solution, including Ethnocentric Rejecting Stereotypes, Conflicted, Self-Hatred, Multiculturalist, Low Race Salience, Assimilated, and Alienated, was considered optimal based on fit indices, entropy, profile size, and interpretability. Controlling for gender, I found significant profile differences in discrimination distress and school value, but not in school belonging. Additionally, effect size comparisons further elucidated the practical significance of these differences, distinguishing profiles with more adaptive versus maladaptive patterns on these outcomes.Collectively, this dissertation demonstrates a logical progression from identifying ERI process patterns to explaining adolescent ERI complexity through a focused examination of ERI attitudes. The findings underscore the necessity of moving beyond pan-ethnic categories and using psychometrically sound measures to examine the heterogeneous constellations of ERI statuses and attitudes that shape adolescent adjustment
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