196,853 research outputs found
T cell mediated immunity in malaria and mycobacterial infection : a protective role for gd+ T cells
No full textT cell mediated immunity is essential against intracellular infections. Studies of cell mediated immunity are important for the optimal design and development of effective vaccines. Identifying correlates of protective immunity will also enable measurement of vaccine efficiency. This thesis includes studies of T cell mediated immune protection against malaria and mycobacterial infections. A major focus of this work was the investigation of the role of [gamma][delta]+ T cell responses. In an initial study of lymphocyte subset compositions, a higher percentage of cytotoxic T cells were found in the peripheral blood of healthy adults from Ethiopia and Bangladesh than from Sweden. This suggested the involvement of environmental and/or genetic factors on the adaptation of the cellular immune system.During acute malaria illness there was a complex pattern of changes in lymphocyte subset distribution and activation that appeared to be different in P. falciparum infection compared to P. vivax. During acute P. falciparum illness an increase in level and activation of [gamma][delta]+ T cells, that was mostly due to increase in V[delta]1+ cells was found. However, during both infections increased numbers of CD4+, CD8+ and [gamma][delta]+ T cells in peripheral blood were expressing the proliferation marker Ki-67. These results suggest that all T cells are activated and that lymphocyte redistribution and /or activation driven apoptosis may be the cause of the altered phenotypic profiles in peripheral blood.An in vitro assay was developed to study the functional significance of [gamma][delta]+ T cells. Generally activated [gamma][delta]+ T cells of both V[delta]1+ and V[delta]2+ subsets but not similarly activated [alpha][beta] T cells from non-malaria exposed individuals inhibited the in vitro growth of asexual blood stages of P. falciparum parasite. The inhibition was correlated to the number of [gamma][delta]+ T cells and required cell-to-cell contact. Kinetic analysis suggested the likely targets to be the late infected erythrocyte (schizonts) or extracellular merozoites. These results suggest [gamma][delta]+ T cells may have a protective role during malaria infection independent of previous exposure to malaria.An in vitro assay was also developed to measure T cell mediated inhibition of mycobacterial growth. Both [alpha][beta]+ and [gamma][delta]+ T cells from PPD positive individuals inhibited intracellular growth of BCG, but only when activated by mycobacterial antigens. The mycobacterial growth inhibition capacity was up regulated by BCG vaccination and required cell-to-cell contact. These results suggest a role for [gamma][delta]+ T cells in the memory responses against mycobacteria.Expressions of proinflammatory cytokines and cytolytic molecules such as perforin, granzymes, granulysin and Fas/Fas ligand, were characteristic of both malaria and BCG growth inhibitory T cells. However, expression of these molecules in non-inhibitory activated cells were also seen, suggesting that growth inhibition requires restricted recognition of target cells by specific effectors. Our results indicate that [gamma][delta]+ T cells may represent an important component of the primary immune defense against P. falciparum infection and the memory immune defense against mycobacterial infection.List of scientific papersI. Worku S, Christensson B, Bjorkman A, Islam D (1997). "Higher proportion of CD8+ T cells in the blood in healthy adults from Ethiopia and Bangladesh compared with Sweden" Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 91(5): 618-22 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/98124846II. Worku S, Bjorkman A, Troye-Blomberg M, Jemaneh L, Farnert A, Christensson B (1997). "Lymphocyte activation and subset redistribution in the peripheral blood in acute malaria illness: distinct gammadelta+ T cell patterns in Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax infections" Clin Exp Immunol 108(1): 34-41 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/97252339III. Worku S, Troye-Blomberg M, Christensson B, Bjorkman A, Fehniger T (2000). "Activation of T cells in the blood of patients with acute malaria, Proliferative activity as indicated by Ki 67 expression" Scand J Immunol (In Print)IV. Troye-Blomberg M, Worku S, Tangteerawatana P, Jamshaid R, Soderstrom K, Elghazali G, Moretta L, Hammarstrom M, Mincheva-Nilsson L (1999). "Human gamma delta T cells that inhibit the in vitro growth of the asexual blood stages of the Plasmodium falciparum parasite express cytolytic and proinflammatory molecules" Scand J Immunol 50(6): 642-50 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20075382V. Worku S, Hoft DF (2000). "In vitro measurement of protective mycobacterial immunity: antigen-specific expansion of T cells capable of inhibiting intracellular growth of bacille Calmette-Guerin" Clin Infect Dis Suppl 3: S257-61 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20336492VI. Worku S, Hoft DF (2000). "Differential effects of antigen specific and control T cells on intracellular mycobacterial growth, in vitro models of protective immunity and mycobacterial persistence" (Submitted)</p
Dr. Duane M. Jackson, Morehouse College, July 2011
No full textThis video is a conversation with Dr. Duane M. Jackson. Dr. Jackson talks about his paper, "Recall and the Serial Position Effect: The Role of Primacy and Recency on Accounting Students' Performance." Jackie Daniel, AUC Woodruff Library, is the interviewer
"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States" By M. Carey.
No full text"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States: containing bried sketches of the moral and political character of those states.
By M. Carey, member of the American philosophical, and of the American Antiquarian Society, and author of The Olive Branch, Cindiciae Hibernicae, essays on banking, on political economy, and on internal improvement.
To which are now added the English editor's comments on the subject; together with Important Advice to Emigrants, and Cautions Against Impositions Practiced in the Outports
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Dr. Glendon Swarthout
No full textHosted by Roger M. Busfield, MSU Assistant Professor of Speech and Theater, Meet the Author is designed to introduce a general audience to a contemporary author and their work through in-depth interviews. This episode features a conversation between Dr. Glendon Swarthout, prolific author and English professor at MSU, and assistant professors Sam S. Baskett and Theodore B. Strandness
Left in Limbo: UNHCR's Study on the Implementation of the Dublin III Regulation, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
No full textAcknowledgements: This research was coordinated by Silvia Cravesana in UNHCR’s Bureau for Europe (Policy and Legal Support Unit). This report was written by Silvia Cravesana and Maria Hennessy. This report brings together the main findings of national reports produced by Lucienne Joergensen (Denmark), Claire Callejon (France), Aida Worku (Germany), Aliki-Eleni Georgiadi (Greece), Pietro Sullo (Italy), Paolo Biondi (Malta), Vigdis Vevstad (Norway), Marta Gorczynska (Poland), Cynthia Orchard and Helen-Marie Fraher (United Kingdom)Particular thanks go to staff in UNHCR’s national offices in France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Malta, Poland and the United Kingdom, and in the Regional Representations for Western and Northern Europe for their important contributions. Appreciation is also extended to Reem Alsalem, Lucie Bichet, Sam Boutruche, Zoé Campiglia, Elena Colunga Caballero, Kate Connelly, Cathryn Costello, Alexander de Châlus, Yolande Ditewig, Madeline Garlick, Kristof Gombeer, Sophie Magennis, Hugh Massey, Maeve Patterson, Cornelia Schick, Juliette Tassy, Andrea Vonkeman and Cornelis Wouters for their inputs and support. Particular thanks also go to the colleagues in other organizations who provided advice and inputs in the initial phase of this research: Anneliese Baldaccini (Amnesty International), Daphné Bouteillet (ECRE) and Marc Provera (JRS). Finally, UNHCR expresses its sincere gratitude to Member State officials, representatives of organizations, lawyers, asylum-seekers and many others who agreed to be interviewed and provided information in the course of this research
Simulation of thermal plant optimization and hydraulic aspects of thermal distribution loops for large campuses
No full textFollowing an introduction, the author describes Texas A&M University and its utilities system. After that, the author presents how to construct simulation models for chilled water and heating hot water distribution systems. The simulation model was used in a $2.3 million Ross Street chilled water pipe replacement project at Texas A&M University. A second project conducted at the University of Texas at San Antonio was used as an example to demonstrate how to identify and design an optimal distribution system by using a simulation model. The author found that the minor losses of these closed loop thermal distribution systems are significantly higher than potable water distribution systems. In the second part of the report, the author presents the latest development of software called the Plant Optimization Program, which can simulate cogeneration plant operation, estimate its operation cost and provide optimized operation suggestions. The author also developed detailed simulation models for a gas turbine and heat recovery steam generator and identified significant potential savings. Finally, the author also used a steam turbine as an example to present a multi-regression method on constructing simulation models by using basic statistics and optimization algorithms. This report presents a survey of the author??s working experience at the Energy Systems Laboratory (ESL) at Texas A&M University during the period of January 2002 through March 2004. The purpose of the above work was to allow the author to become familiar with the practice of engineering. The result is that the author knows how to complete a project from start to finish and understands how both technical and nontechnical aspects of a project need to be considered in order to ensure a quality deliverable and bring a project to successful completion. This report concludes that the objectives of the internship were successfully accomplished and that the requirements for the degree of Degree of Engineering have been satisfied
Intern experience at CH���M Hill, Inc.: an internship report
No full textIncludes author's vita"Submitted to the College of Engineering of Texas A&M University in partial
fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Engineering."Includes bibliographical referencesA review of the author's internship experience with CH���M HILL, Inc.
during the period September 1975 through May 1976 is presented. During this nine month
internship the author worked as an Engineer II in the Industrial Processes discipline of this
large consulting engineering firm... The author's prime responsibility was as one of three
lead design engineers on the design of a large wastewater treatment facility for a pulp mill
in Hoquiam, Washington owned by ITT Rayonier Inc. The work generally consisted of the design
of individual treatment units and associated piping and pumping. The purpose of the project
was to provide wastewater treatment capabilities that would satisfy the effluent limitations
(standards) imposed upon the mill by the State of Washington Department of Ecology and the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The author's assignment also entailed necessary
interaction with the project manager and other CH���M HILL design engineers and support staff
members, the client's representatives, and representatives of two other consulting engineering
firms working on the project. Thus, the internship position at CH���M HILL provided considerable
experience coordinating the author's work with the work of other engineers, guiding the design
and administrative efforts of a support staff, and interacting regularly with the client and
other consulting firms. This broad exposure to a variety of engineering and organizational
problems provided a valuable educational experience
Transition to turbulence in a qblique shock-wave/boundary-layer interaction at M=15
No full textDirect numerical simulations are carried out for different forcing techniques to trigger transition during the interaction between an oblique shock-wave and a laminar boundary-layer at M = 1.5. Three forcing methods are used: a) forcing of oblique unstable modes, whose shape and behaviour are determined by the local linear stability theory, b) broadband free-stream acoustic disturbances, and c) a cold plasma flow control device. While the oblique-mode breakdown is dominant for low-amplitude forcing, long streaky structures drive the transition process in a high-amplitude disturbance environment. LES are also performed on the experimental setup by the Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (ITAM) from Novosibirsk State University with cold plasma actuation. As well as the disturbance type, the effect of Reynolds number and forcing amplitude will be investigated
Letter from Cedrick M. Shimo to the Office of Redress Administration, June 4, 1991
No full textA letter from Cedrick M. Shimo to the Office of Redress Administration arguing that John Y. Udaka is entitled to a redress payment.These materials are from box 73 and 74 of the Frank Chin Papers. The Frank Chin Papers contain personal and professional correspondence between Frank Chin and Michi Weglyn relating to particular projects on which either author was working as well as files related to the Day of Remembrance Tribute to Michi Weglyn
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