1,720,955 research outputs found
Sexual Risk Behaviours and Associated Factors among Under Graduate Students, in Madawalabu University, South East Ethiopia
No full textBackground: As the number of higher learning institutions increase in number and size in Ethiopia,
their HIV risk perception and behaviours have become an indispensible part of the national HIV
prevention and control program. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of sexual
risk behaviour and associated factors among undergraduate students.
Objectives: To assess prevalence of sexual risk behaviour and associated factors in undergraduate
students, of Madawalabu University.
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Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 634 randomly selected students in Madawalabu
University, Ethiopia from February 1st to 30th, 2014 using a self-administered structured questionnaire.
Data was entered and cleaned using SPSS version 16.00 statistical software. Binary logistic regression
analysis was used to determine the association between dependent and independent variables. Odds ratio
with 95% confidence interval was used to measure the strength and significance of the association.
Results: Overall a total 604 students participated in the study making the response rate at 95.3%. Three
hundred thirty (54.6%) students reported to have ever had sexual activity of which 173 (70.9%) and 116
(35.2%) reported having inconsistent condom use and multiple sexual partners, respectively. In this
study, predictors of sexual risk behaviours were; male sex (OR = 2.8 95%CI; 1.35, 5.80), more years of
study (OR = 5.55 95%CI; 2.16, 14.24), accept to have premarital sex (OR = 2.58 95%CI; 1.26, 5.27)
drinking alcohol (OR = 3.62 95%CI; 2.02, 6.53). Those respondents who accept to have premarital sex
were nearly two and half times more likely to use condom inconsistently as compared to none accept
(OR= 2.58 95%CI; 1.26, 5.27). 4th year students were nearly five times more likely to ever have multiple
sexual partners as compared to first year students (OR= 5.55 95%CI; 2.16, 14.24) and those respondents
who ever drunk alcohol were nearly three and half times more likely to have multiple sexual partner as
compared to abstainers (OR= 3.62 95%CI; 2.02, 6.53).
Conclusions and Recommendations: The study indicated that a significant segment of sexual risk
behaviours among undergraduate students of Madawalabu University which are proven by having
multiple sexual partners and inconsistent condom use. Therefore, the needs of youth reproductive health
in the university through strengthening BCC on risk perception; life skill training, peer-education,
availing services and working with all stalk holders, NGOs, and the surrounding community is
recommende
Determinants of Sexual Behaviour among Out-of-School Youth in Bishoftu Town, Oromia Region
No full textYouth constitute the population within the age group of 15 to 24
years. They make-up about 30 percent of the world population.
Significant proportion of the population particularly the youth are at
high risk of HIV infection despite high level of knowledge about
HIV/AIDS. Out-of-school youth are at a much higher risk for
HIV/AIDS. Although various surveys have been made to study the
sexual behavior of youth in Ethiopia, a few studies assess the
reproductive health and sexual behaviors of out-of-school youth. This
cross-sectional survey was conducted in March 2008 at Bishoftu Town,
Oromia Regional State, to assess the sexual behavior of out-of-school
youth in the 15-24 years age group. Both quantitative and qualitative
data were employed to undertake this study. For the quantitative
section, a standardized questionnaire was prepared while Focus Group
Discussions (FGDs) were conducted to collect qualitative data. A total
of 660 out-of-school youth were participated in the study, of which 325
were males and 335 were females. The finding revealed that, 55 percent
of the respondents were sexually active. Average age at the first sexual
intercourse is 17.5 years for males and 16.7 years for females. Over
one-third of the respondents have started premarital sexual activities
because of fun, enjoyment or pleasure. The Majority (62 percent) of
sexually experienced youth reported that they had more than one sexual
partner. Only half and two-third of them reported to have used
condom at first and last sexual intercourse,respectively. Knowledge of
HIV/AIDS and STDs is better among Out-of-
School Youth (99% Vs. 97%). The main source of information on
HIV/AIDS and STDs were mass media (96.5%) ,written materials (79
.4%) and causal partner (78.8%). The majority (93%) of the youth
have sufficient knowledge about contraceptive methods, among
these 70 percent of them have used contraceptive method at their last
sexual intercourse. The multivariate logistic regression analysis that
applied on the premarital sexual activities of the youth depicts that
variables such as: age, living arrangement, respondent income,
household income, parent-youth discussion about sexual matters,
having sexual experienced friends, drinking alcohol and exposure to erotic materials are the most important predicators of sexual activities
among out-of-school youth. Similarly, parent-youth discussion about
sexual matters has significant influence on contraceptive use among the
youth. The finding of the survey concluded that out-of-school youth in
this study area was exercising high risky sexual activities. Based on
this, it was recommended that education on sexual health should be
given intensively by health institutions to the youth population and outof-
school youth in particular
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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