1,721,577 research outputs found
Helicobacter pylori eradication in the prevention of gastric cancer
No full textGastric cancer remains one of the top cancer killers in the
World. Chronic Helicobacter pylori infection increases the
risk of gastric cancer, by stepwise progression from chronic
active gastritis to gastric atrophy, intestinal metaplasia,
dysplasia and finally cancer. These stepwise progressions
may take many years, and at present there is no proven
effective treatment for the presence of premalignant lesions
including intestinal metaplasia or dysplasia. Hence the two
prevailing questions in gastric cancer prevention are (a)
whether treatment of H. pylori-related gastritis can reduce
the risk of gastric cancer, and (b) whether treatment of H.
pylori-related IM or dysplasia can both reverse the
premalignant lesions and reduce the risk of gastric cancer.
Our randomized placebo controlled trial in China started
in year 1994 included both patients with H. pylori related
gastritis and patients with H. pylori related premalignant
lesions (1). After 7.5 years of follow up, patients receiving
H. pylori treatment showed a non-significant trend of having
less gastric cancer than those patients that received placebo.
The sub-group analysis showed that patients with H. pylori
related gastritis benefited most from treatment, with no
cancer developing in 7.5 years. However, in patients with H.
pylori related premalignant lesions, there was no difference
in the risk of gastric cancer in both treatment and placebo
groups. Hence our study suggests that the benefit of treating
H. pylori in cancer prevention may be restricted to patients
with gastritis only.
Correa et al. performed another randomized placebo
controlled trial in Columbia which included mainly patients
with H. pylori- related premalignant lesions (2). Their 12-
year follow up result suggested that subjects who were H.
pylori negative after treatment had 14.8% more regression
and 13.7% less progression than patients who were positive
at 12 years (p=0.001). Hence he concludes that it is
beneficial to treat H. pylori in patients with premalignant
lesions. However the magnitude of benefit may be in the
range of 15% only.
Based on these and other studies, the recommendation is
that treatment of H. pylori is beneficial in prevention of
gastric cancer. The benefit is greater in patients without
premalignant lesions. Hence treatment earlier in life may
give better results.
1 Wong BCY, Lam SK, Wong WM et al: Helicobacter
pylori eradication to prevent gastric cancer in a high-risk
region in China: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA
291(2): 187-194, 2004.
2 Mera R, Fontham ET, Bravo LE et al: Long term follow
up of patients treated for Helicobacter pylori infection.
Gut 54: 1536, 2006
The journey towards Helicobacter pylori eradication: from bench to the frontline
No full textpublished_or_final_versionabstractMedicineDoctoralDoctor of Philosoph
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in Chinese: its management and impact
No full textpublished_or_final_versionabstractMedicineDoctoralDoctor of Philosoph
Helicobacter pylori and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in gastric carcinogenesis
No full textpublished_or_final_versionabstractMedicineDoctoralDoctor of Philosoph
Targeting cell signaling pathway in treatment of gastric cancer by chemotherapeutic agents
No full textThe Best PhD Thesis in the Faculties of Dentistry, Engineering, Medicine and Science (University of Hong Kong), Li Ka Shing Prize,2001-2003published_or_final_versionMedicineDoctoralDoctor of Philosoph
Anti-tumor mechanisms of cyclooxygenase inhibitors and a c-Jun-N-terminal kinase inhibitor in gastrointestinal cancers
No full textpublished_or_final_versionabstracttocMedicineMasterMaster of Philosoph
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
- …
