233,474 research outputs found
NON-LINEAR ADJUSTMENT PROCESS IN WON/DOLLAR AND WON/YEN REAL EXCHAGE RATES
No full textWe examine the purchasing power parity (PPP) hypothesis in won/dollar and won/yen real exchange rates using a non-linear framework. Many empirical studies based on the linear framework have failed to find clear supporting evidence for the validity of PPP hypothesis. We test the PPP hypothesis using a two-stage procedure suggested by Engle and Granger (1987), and show that it fails to reject non-cointegration. Evaluating the linear model against the nonlinear STAR model, we find that linearity is clearly rejected, but ESTAR process is accepted. Moreover, the parameter estimates of the ESTAR model establish a certain pattern of random walk behavior for small deviations and of fast adjustment for large deviations, thus providing strong evidence for mean-reverting behavior in real won/dollar and won/yen exchange rates.Purchasing Power Parity, Non-linear Adjustment Process, ESTAR Model
Which-won-where view of the GGE biplot for trials from 2016 to 2019.
No full textWhich-won-where view of the GGE biplot for trials from 2016 to 2019.</p
Won Il Lee
No full text학위논문(석사)--아주대학교 일반대학원 :의학과,2015. 2Background: We investigated the correction methods following wrong-settings of emulsion
concentrations of propofol as a countermeasure against erroneous target-controlled infusions
(TCI).
Methods: TCIs were started with targeting 4.0 μg/ml of effect-site concentration (Ceff) of
propofol, and the emulsion concentrations were selected for 2.0% instead of 1.0% (FALSE1-
2, n = 24), or 1.0% instead of 2.0% (FALSE2-1, n = 24). These wrong TCIs were corrected at
3 min after infusion start. During FALSE1-2, the deficit was filled up while injecting after
equilibrium (n = 12), or while overriding (n = 12). During FALSE2-1, the overdose was
evacuated while targeting Ceff (n = 12) or targeting plasma concentration (Cp) (n = 12). The
gravimetrical measurements of TCI reproduced the Cp and Ceff using simulations. The
reproduced Ceff at 3 min (Ceff-3min) and the time to be normalized within ± 5% of target Ceff
(T±5%), were compared between the correction methods.
Results: During the wrong TCI, Ceff-3min was 1.98 ± 0.01 μg/ml in FALSE1-2, and 7.99 ± 0.05
μg/ml in FALSE2-1. In FALSE1-2, T±5% was significantly shorter when corrected while
overriding (3.9 ± 0.25 min), than corrected after equilibrium (6.9 ± 0.05 min) (P < 0.001). In
FALSE2-1, T±5% was significantly shorter during targeting Cp (3.6 ± 0.04 min) than targeting
Ceff (6.7 ± 0.15 min) (P < 0.001).
Conclusions: The correction methods, based on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic
characteristics, could effectively and rapidly normalize the wrong TCI following erroneously
selections of the emulsion concentration of propofol.Ⅰ.INTRODUCTION 1
Ⅱ.MATERIALS AND METHODS 2
Ⅲ.RESULTS 7
Ⅳ.DISCUSSION 11
Ⅴ.CONCLUSION 15Maste
Sung-Won Lee
No full text학위논문(박사)--아주대학교 일반대학원 :컴퓨터공학과,2014. 2CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION １
I.A. Background １
I.B. Summary of the Thesis ２
CHAPTER II RELATED WORK ６
II.A. Taxonomy in Content-Centric Networking ６
II.B. In-network Caching ８
II.C. Content-based Routing １１
II.D. Position of Proposed Schemes １２
CHAPTER III LIGHTWEIGHT PREFIX-BASED ROUTING １３
III.A. Introduction １３
III.B. Problem Definition １５
III.C. Lightweight Prefix-based Routing (LPR) １８
III.C.1. Neighbor Discovery １８
III.C.2. Lightweight Route Discovery ２０
III.C.3. FIB Construction and Prefix-based Routing ２２
III.D. Performance Evaluation ２４
III.D.1. Simulation Environments ２４
III.D.2. Simulation Results ２６
CHAPTER IV PHEROMONE-BASED CACHE REPLACEMENT AND FORWARDING ２９
IV.A. Introduction ２９
IV.B. Problem Definition ３０
IV.C. Pheromone-based CCN (P-CCN) ３３
IV.C.1. Pheromone Estimation and Propagation ３４
IV.C.2. Pheromone-based Cache Replacement ３６
IV.C.3. Pheromone-based Forwarding ３８
IV.D. Performance Evaluation ４３
IV.D.1. Simulation Environments ４３
IV.D.2. Simulation Results ４５
CHAPTER V CACHE CAPACITY-AWARE CCN ４８
V.A. Introduction ４８
V.B. Problem Definition ４９
V.C. Cache Capacity-aware CCN (CC-CCN) ５４
V.C.1. Cache Capacity Estimation ５４
V.C.2. Selective Caching ５７
V.C.3. Cache-aware Routing ５９
V.D. Performance Evaluation ６１
V.D.1. Simulation Environments ６１
V.D.2. Simulation Results ６２
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORKS ６８
APPENDIX: OPNET CCN SIMULATOR ７２
A. Introduction ７２
B. Problem Definition ７２
C. OPNET CCN Simulator ７４
1. Node Models ７５
2. System Parameter Management ７８
3. CCN Topology Generation ７９
D. Verification of OPNET CCN Simulator ８０
1. CCN Traffic Generator ８０
2. CCN Route Support and Forwarding Engine ８２
3. Content Store (Cache Management) ８３DoctoralContent-Centric Networking (CCN) is a new, redesigned communication networking architecture of the Internet to replace traditional host-centric communication with content-centric communication. CCN proposes an architecture which is centered on the content itself, without regard to where it is physically located. The CCN architecture includes an in-network caching and a content-based routing as main features where every content has its own name as an identifier. Although content-centric networking embraces caching and content-based routing, there is little work on the comprehensive interaction between them. Most ongoing research on content-centric networking is centered on independent research item among emerging contents analysis, content naming, caching technology, and content-oriented routing. Therefore, we have an aim for synergy between cache management and content-based routing.
To reliably evaluate CCN performances, we developed OPNET CCN Simulator which is easy to configure diverse network environments. It covers most functionality of existing CCN simulators and overcome their drawbacks by providing GUI-based configuration, heterogeneous cache management and CCN topology generator software that allows users to generate diverse Internet-like topologies with node naming. Then, we propose the lightweight prefix-based routing protocol with a consideration of the complexity of the longest-prefix matching in CCN. The proposed scheme limits the area of route discovery to reduce the number of entries in the routing table and FIB with aggregation mechanism. Furthermore, the LPR provides a method of using inter-hierarchical connections to reduce overall route lengths.
As an interactive mechanism between cache replacement and cache-aware routing, the pheromone-based cache replacement and forwarding algorithm is proposed with a new metric, pheromone. This metric represents a degree of content concentration for a particular category. In addition, the metric is utilized to diverse the cached contents in the local area and to forward Interest to a router which has been expected to cache the required content. Then, the forwarding algorithm leads to concentrate contents of the particular category in the router even if cache miss occurs. In addition, the cache capacity-aware content centric networking is proposed for an interaction between cache replication and cache-aware routing. This proposal considers cache capacity as a main metric which is a supportable caching space and can be defined with a willingness degree by the previous proposal. The proposed scheme is composed of a selective caching and a cache-aware routing algorithm which provides deterministic cache-awareness without any control message. Then, with analysis about CCN performance under flash crowd, the CC-CCN mechanism is extended with flash crowd detection and related confrontational procedures to reduce network impact by flash crowd.
Simulation studies for each proposed scheme show that content-based routing mechanisms in both sides of server-aware and cache-aware routing need little control overhead and help cache hit ratio to be improved. In addition, a synergy effect between the proposed cache management algorithms and the cache-aware routing makes significant caching performance improvement and network load reduction even in flash crowd effect
강염기성 음이온교환수지의 붕산흡착 특성 / Jung-Won Na.
No full text학위논문(박사) - 한국과학기술원 : 원자력공학과, 1993.2, [ viii, 116 p. ]The Boron Thermal Regeneration System (BTRS) is capable of controlling boron concentration in primary coolant and reducing the amount of liquid waste at the end of fuel cycle in a pressurized water reactor, but the system has not been in effective operation yet because of the lack of detailed information regarding the boron adsorption characteristics of the ion exchange resin packed in the demineralizers of BTRS. In this study, the adsorption characteristics of boric acid on a strong-base anion exchange resin, an Amberlite IRN-78LC resin in form, were investigated at temperature from 10 ^\ciecCto 60 C in the concentrations of boron up to 1500 ppm covering the BTRS operational conditions. A computer code was developed to calculate the composition of borate ions in solution as a function of boron concentration, temperature and pH. From the calculated composition of borate ions and experimental data of adsorption equilibrium, the model was proposed for the adsorption isotherm of boric acid on the resin. The diffusion coefficient of the boric acid in the resin was calculated by the particle diffusion model and found that the temperature dependency of the coefficient follows an Arrhenius equation. The results in this study can be applied for the optimum operation of BTRS.한국과학기술원 : 원자력공학과
Initial and Post-Initial Code Acquisition in the Non-Coherent Multiple Input/Multiple Output Aided DS-CDMA Downlink
No full textIn this paper, we investigate the issues of both initial and post-initial acquisition schemes in the multiple-input/multiple-output (MIMO)-aided direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS-CDMA) downlink when communicating over spatially uncorrelated Rayleigh channels. The associated mean acquisition time (MAT) performance trends are characterized as a function of the number of MIMO elements. Furthermore, we characterize both the initial and post-initial acquisition performance as a function of the relevant system parameters. Our findings suggest that increasing the number of transmit antennas in a MIMO-aided CDMA system results in combining the low-energy noise-contaminated signals of the transmit antennas, which ultimately increases the MAT by an order of magnitude when the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) is relatively low, regardless of whether single- or multipath scenarios are considered. This phenomenon has a detrimental effect on the performance of Rake-receiver-based synchronization schemes when the perfectly synchronized system is capable of attaining its target bit-error-rate performance at reduced SINR values, as a benefit of employing multiple transmit antennas. Based on our analysis justified by information-theoretic considerations, our acquisition design guidelines are applicable to diverse noncoherent (NC) MIMO-assisted scenarios
GGE biplot of shelling percentage showing the “which-won-where” pattern and mean vs. stability, indicating the rankings of genotypes (1 = GG7, 2 = JL 501, 3 = NRCGCS 446, 4 = NRCGCS 254, 5 = TG 37A, and 6 = TAG 24).
No full textGGE biplot of shelling percentage showing the “which-won-where” pattern and mean vs. stability, indicating the rankings of genotypes (1 = GG7, 2 = JL 501, 3 = NRCGCS 446, 4 = NRCGCS 254, 5 = TG 37A, and 6 = TAG 24).</p
Differential Coherent Code Acquisition in the Multiple Transmit/Receive Antenna Aided DS-CDMA Downlink
No full textIn this contribution we investigate both differentially coherent and noncoherent code acquisition schemes in the multiple transmit/receive antenna aided DS-CDMA downlink, when communicating over uncorrelated Rayleigh channels. It is demonstrated that in contrast to our expectations, the achievable Mean Acquisition Time (MAT) degrades at low Ec/Io values, as the number of transmit antennas is increased in both differentially coherent and noncoherent code acquisition system scenarios, even though the degree of performance degradation depends upon the specific scheme considered. Ironically, our findings suggest that increasing the number of transmit antennas in a MIMO-aided CDMA system results in combining the low-energy, noise-contaminated signals of the transmit antennas, which ultimately increases the MAT by an order of magnitude, when the SINR is relatively low. Therefore our future research will be aimed at specifically designing acquisition schemes for MIMO systems
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Initial acquisition performance of the multiple receive antenna assisted DS-UWB downlink using Search Space Reduction and iterative code phase estimation
No full text- …
