4,327 research outputs found
Molecular aspects of columnar growth in apple
No full textAs rich sources of flavonoids, carotenoids, vitamin C, folic acid and dietary fibre, fruits and vegetables can help prevent cardiovascular diseases and cancers (Amine et al. 2002). According to the world health report that was published by the WHO (2002), 2.7 million deaths per year can be attributed to low fruit and vegetable intake. Apple is the most common fruit crop grown in temperate regions (FAOSTAT 2012) and apples are affordable and widely available in most parts of the world. Apple and apple-derived products have been subject of many studies that have linked their intake to a beneficial effect on many diseases (Hyson 2011). Several studies have indicated a positive effect of phenolic compounds, which are
abundantly present in apple, on preventing coronary heart disease and cancer (Hertog et al. 1993; Keli et al. 1996; Gerhauser 2008). The dietary fibres that are present in fruits like apple seem to decrease the risk for developing coronary heart disease, stroke, hypertension, diabetes, obesity and some gastrointestinal diseases (Anderson et al. 2009). Apples have shown to have high anti-oxidant activity and the intake of apple is associated with a reduced risk for heart disease, lung cancer, type 2 diabetes, and asthma (Boyer and Liu 2004), substantiating the beneficial effects of apple consumption on human healt
Evidence for regulation of columnar habit in apple encodes a putative 2og-fe(ii) oxygenase
No full textUnderstanding the genetic mechanisms controlling columnar-type growth in the apple mutant Wijcik will provide insights on how tree architecture and growth are regulated in fruit trees. In apple, columnar-type growth is controlled by a single major gene at the Columnar (Co) locus. By comparing the genomic sequence of the Co region of Wijcik with its wild-type McIntosh, a novel non-coding DNA element of 1956 bp specific to Pyreae was found to be inserted in an intergenic region of Wijcik. Expression analysis of selected genes located in the vicinity of the insertion revealed the upregulation of the MdCo31 gene encoding a putative 2OG-Fe(II) oxygenase in axillary buds of Wijcik. Constitutive expression of MdCo31 in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in compact plants with shortened floral internodes, a phenotype reminiscent of the one observed in columnar apple trees. We conclude that MdCo31 is a strong candidate gene for the control of columnar growth in Wijcik
Co gene MdCo31 of the 'Wijcik' mutant of Malus x domestica Borkh and plants with controlled tree architecture genetically transformed by introduction of this gene
No full textTree architecture is an important trait of all fruit crops. 'Wijcik', a somatic mutant of the apple cultivar 'McIntosh', has been widely studied because of its interesting columnar-type growth. The present invention relates to a polynucleotide (gene sequence MdCo31) which has been isolated from 'Wijcik' and which is responsible for its columnar phenotype. The genomic region has been introduced into several plants and resulted in plants with shorter axillary shoots. The invention further relates to an expression product of said gene, to a vector, a gene construct, host cell, cell culture, recombinant expression system, or plants comprising said MdCo31 gene. The present invention also refers to the use of the gene in plants, to produce a plant having shorter axillary shoots than a control plant, and to a method for producing plants having shorter axillary shoots than a control plant
Past veterinarians in South Africa
No full textAn alphabetical list containing short biographies of all deceased South African veterinarians up to 1990.[compiled by] P.J. (Bill) PosthumusVolume 1: AL -- Volume 2: M-ZAlso available in print http://137.215.9.20/record=b1893606ab2013ab201
Open brief aan den WelEdel. Gestr. Heer P.J. Joubert
No full textleyds-70-7201.pdf created from original pamphlet in the WJ Leyds Collection held in the Africana Section of the Stellenbosch University Library and Information Service.Dutch open letter to P.J. Joubert concerning a railroad concession granted to the author and two of his friends in 1885
Isolation and functional analysis of the Co-gene for a columnar architecture of apple trees
No full textThe ‘Wijcik’ mutant of the apple cultivar ‘McIntosh’ shows a columnar-type growth, characterized by altered branching and a thick stem. Instead of normal branches, spur-like short branches are produced, leading to apples produced close to the stem. Columnar-type growth is a desirable trait, as columnar apple trees need considerably less pruning compared to standard trees. Furthermore, apple picking and the application of chemicals is much easier on columnar trees.
We limited the genomic window for the Co gene to ~800 kbp. Our project aims at detection of the causal mutation that leads to columnar growth, and functional analysis of the underlying Co.
We are using two BAC libraries to screen for clones covering the Co region in both standard ‘McIntosh’ and its mutant. By sequencing these clones and comparing the sequences, we will identify the Co mutation.
In addition, we will look at expression of Co gene candidates and potential downstream targets.
This work will result into the development of a perfect marker for columnar growth for application in breeding, better understanding of the physiological background of columnar growth, and the availability of the Co gene for the development of cisgenic columnar apple trees
Towards identification of the gene responsible for the columnar phenotype of 'McIntosh 'Wijcik" apple
No full textThe 'Wijcik' mutant of the apple cultivar 'McIntosh' shows columnar-type growth, characterized by altered branching and a thick stem. Instead of normal branches, spur-like branches are produced on 'Wijcik' trees, leading to apples produced close to the stem. Columnar-type growth is a desirable trait, as columnar apple trees need considerably less pruning compared to standard trees. Furthermore, apple picking and the application of chemicals is much easier on columnar trees. The genetic basis for columnar growth is a somatic mutation that results in dominant inheritance of the columnar growth trait. The columnar gene (Co) has been previously mapped on apple linkage group 10. Three adult segregating populations, with a total of 301 F1 plants, and two three-year old populations of 1,250 F1 plants were used for fine mapping of the Co region, using newly developed simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers that were designed based on the 'Golden Delicious' apple genome sequence. Co was found to cosegregate with SSR marker Co04R12 and the Co region was found to be delimited by SSR markers Co04R11 and Co04R13 corresponding to a genetic region of 0.56 cM and a genomic region of 393 kb in the 'Golden Delicious' genome. By using BAC libraries, we could identify the clones covering the Co region in 'McIntosh' and 'Wijcik'. This enabled us to sequence the complete Co region in both cultivars. Sequence comparison between 'McIntosh' and 'Wijcik' lead to the identification of a 1,956 bp insertion in 'Wijcik'. This work resulted in the development of a perfect marker for columnar growth for application in breeding, and, in the future, will result in better understanding of the physiological background of columnar growth and the availability of the Co gene for biotechnological applications to manipulate tree architecture.</p
Design, Modeling and Simulation of a 52MHz MEMS Gyroscope Device in 1.5um SOI
No full textIn this thesis , a simulation model of a MEMS gyroscope is presented. The model enables mode matching and analysis of the dynamic behavior of a gyroscope. Furthermore, the model allows the optimization the design parameters of the gyroscope. The simulated gyroscope operates at a frequency of 52MHz with amplitudes of 10nm and quality factor of 50,000. Finally, the drive mode measurements are presented at different bias voltages.Microelectronics & Computer EngineeringElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Het gemeentelijk Investeringsraadsel: Het verband tussen gemeentelijke investeringen en lokale welvaartsontwikkeling
No full textDit proefschrift gaat over de vraag in hoeverre in Nederland de lokale welvaartsontwikkeling wordt bepaald door de gemeentelijke investeringsinspanning. Op project niveau is meestal wel het een en ander bekend over de maatschappelijke effecten, maar over de impact van de totale investeringsinspanning ontbreekt zowel fundamentele als toepasbare kennis. Het is een raadsel dat nog opgelost dient te worden. De doelstelling van dit proefschrift is daaraan een bijdrage te leveren.Housing System
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