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Crusade and Narrative: Bohemond and the Gesta Francorum
No full textHistoriographical studies of the histories of the First Crusade have focused more on establishing the relationship between the extant texts than on the narrative structures adopted by their authors. In the case of the anonymous Gesta Francorum, the author\u27s decision, first of all, to depict the expedition as a pilgrimage, and second, to cast Bohemond as its protagonist meant that he had to explain away the Norman leader\u27s refusal to respect his oath to Alexius Comnenus as well as his failure to complete the pilgrimage. It may also have led the author to give extra narrative weight to the conquest and defense of Antioch, at the expense of Jerusalem
Review: The Image of St. Francis: Responses to Sainthood in the Thirteenth Century
No full textAs the author states at the outset, this book is about the impression Francis made--intentionally and in spite of himself--on contemporaries and on the early generations after his death, and the ways that he and they expressed it. It makes perfect sense that such a study should focus on Francis given not only the wealth of images, textual and visual, that he inspired after his death, but the wonderfully creative ways that he presented himself to his audiences as a preacher and an urban ascetic. Indeed, as the author observes, it was precisely Francis\u27s image that bewitched successive generations, as it bewitched contemporaries, into thinking that he brought a new revelation with him when in fact his spiritual program was highly derivative
The life of San Isidro of Madrid
Get PDFThis anonymous Life of Isidro of Madrid (d. pre-1192) represents a rare medieval effort to justify the sanctification of a non-noble layman, in this case, a tenant farmer. Note how the author does this, in part, by depicting Isidro as a man who made a virtue out of the curse inflicted on Adam ( You will earn your bread from the labor of your hands and the sweat of your brow, Genesis 3:19) by embracing the life of an agricultural laborer. Isidro was canonized in 1622, along with Ignatius Loyola, Francis Xavier, Teresa of Ávila, and Philip Neri. Shortly thereafter, Isidro became the patron saint of Madrid
Chronica prophetica
Get PDFThis curious Latin chronicle was written in April 883 by an anonymous Christian historian close to the court of Alfonso III of Asturias (Spain). It contains lists of Christian and Muslim rulers in Spain, a highly pejorative life of Muhammad * that depicts him as a quintessential false prophet, and lots of speculation about the End of Time, which the author sees as intimately tied to the demise of the Islamic emirate of Córdoba. The fact that Asturian armies at the time were taking advantage of Umayyad weakness and raiding deep into Muslim territory accounts for the overly optimistic estimates of the imminent Christian domination of the peninsula. A generation later, the tables would be turned with the accession of Abd ar-Rahman III, the greatest of the Andalusian rulers
Review: The Pilgrimage to Compostela in the Middle Ages: A book of Essays
No full textThe editors of this volume have assembled an unusual mix of papers pertaining to the Camino de Santiago. The first, The Cult of Saints and Divine Patronage in Gallaecia before Santiago , by Alberto Ferreiro, is a study of the spread of the cult of St. Martin of Tours in northwest Spain and its ultimate displacement by the cult of St. James (Santiago). The author carefully culls what little has survived in the way of textual evidence to illustrate not only the establishment of Martin\u27s cult in sixth-century Galicia, but its rapid demise as a result of the Visigothic conquest of Galicia as well as continued Visigothic concerns about the Franks, who were themselves closely associated with the cult of St. Martin. Colin Smith\u27s The Geography and History of Iberia in the Liber Sancti Jacobi , highlights the inaccuracy of the geographical and historical information contained in the twelfth-century Book of St. James . Focusing primarily on the Historia Turpini (the fourth part of the Liber Sancti Jacobi), which recounts apocryphal legends about Charlemagne\u27s conquests in Spain and his defense of St. James\u27 shrine in Compostela, Smith deduces that any pilgrim relying on its sense of Iberian geography and history would have been hopelessly misled
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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