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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Untersuchung von Laktationsstruktur, Nutzungsdauer und Lebensleistung für die Entwicklung eines nachhaltigen Zuchtprogramms für Milchziegen im ökologischen Landbau
Get PDFMit der Zunahme der landwirtschaftlichen Ziegenhaltung gewinnt auch die Ziegenzucht für landwirtschaftliche Milchziegenbetriebe an Bedeutung. Da die meisten Milchziegenbetriebe ökologisch wirtschaften, rückt auch die ökologische Tierzucht in den Fokus der Züchtung. Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde im Rahmen des Projekts GoOrganic erstellt. Ziel des Projekts ist unter anderem die Entwicklung eines nachhaltigen, ressourceneffizienten und ökologischen Zuchtprogramms für Milchziegen. Zuchtziel ist dabei eine hohe Milchlebensleistung bei guten Inhaltsstoffen sowie guter Robustheit insbesondere bei Weidehaltung. In der vorliegenden Arbeit bestand die Hypothese, dass die Nachhaltigkeit des Zuchtprogramms mit einer hohen Lebensleistung abgebildet werden kann. Die erbrachte Lebensleistung wird dabei als zusammenfassendes Merkmal bestehend aus der Milchleistung innerhalb eines gesunden und eines langen Lebens betrachtet. Aus dieser Hypothese bildeten sich zwei wesentliche Ziele ab. Ein Ziel war es Merkmale zu identifizieren, welche die Lebensleistung darstellen. Ein anderes Ziel bestand darin, die Lebensleistung in die Zuchtwertschätzung zu integrieren. Daraus ergaben sich zwei Hypothesen. Zum einen wurde davon ausgegangen, dass die veränderten Laktationsstrukturen, das Durch- und Dauermelken, die Lebensleistung beeinflussen und innerhalb der Zuchtwertschätzung berücksichtigt werden sollten. Weiterhin wurde davon ausgegangen, dass die Merkmale der Lebensleistung erblich sind und somit in die Zuchtwertschätzung aufgenommen bzw. im Rahmen des ökologischen Zuchtprogramms verwendet werden können. Weiterhin wurde in Anlehnung an die Gesundheitsmonitorings aus dem Rinderbereich im Rahmen des Projekts GoOrganic ein Gesundheitsmonitoring für Milchziegen entwickelt. Hierbei können Beobachtungen und Maßnahmen durch Landwirtinnen und Landwirte erfasst werden. Anschließend sollen auf Grundlage der erhobenen Gesundheitsdaten Zuchtwerte für die funktionalen Merkmale geschätzt werden. Aufgrund der Veränderung der Laktationsstruktur galt es zunächst die Laktationen der Milchziegen phänotypisch zu betrachten. Hintergrund ist die Bewertung der 240-Tageleistung als Standardlaktationsleistung im Rahmen der Zuchtwertschätzung bei Milchziegen. Anschließend wurde der genetische Hintergrund der veränderten Laktationsstrukturen untersucht. Ziel war es zu überprüfen ob eine züchterische Verlängerung der Laktationen möglich ist. Im Anschluss wurden die Leistungsprüfungsdaten auf Tierebene betrachtet. Dabei wurde untersucht, welche der betrachteten Merkmale für die Entwicklung eines Zuchtwerts für Nutzungsdauer und Lebenseffektivität geeignet sind. Die Auswertungen der Daten zeigten, dass die Laktationen der Milchziegen teilweise die Standardleistungen von 240 Melktagen überschritten. Im Rahmen der Zuchtwertschätzung sollte für eine korrekte Beschreibung der Laktationsleistung zukünftig eine Alternative zur aktuell verwendeten 240-Tageleistung in Erwägung gezogen werden, da die Laktationsleistungen der dauerhaft gemolkenen Tiere nicht impliziert sind bzw. nicht vollständig abgebildet werden. Die Heritabilitäten der Persistenz Milchmenge und Milchmenge (kg) lagen im niedrigen bis mittleren Bereich. Sowohl die phänotypischen als auch die genetischen Korrelationen zwischen der Persistenz Milchmenge und der Milchmenge (kg) lagen im hohen positiven Bereich. Damit ist eine züchterische Verlängerung der Laktationen möglich. Bei einer züchterischen Verlängerung der Laktationen sollte zukünftig eine Trennung der Zuchtziele von dauerhaft und nicht dauerhaft melkenden Betrieben berücksichtigt werden. Die Heritabilitäten für Nutzungsdauer, Lebenseffektivität und Effektivität je Melktag lagen insgesamt im mittleren Bereich. Der Laktationseinstieg, die Milchmenge der ersten 120 Melktage der ersten Laktation, korrelierte positiv mit der Nutzungsdauer, der Lebenseffektivität und der Effektivität je Melktag. Die Lebenseffektivität korrelierte hoch mit der Nutzungsdauer und der Milchmenge je Melktag und sollte daher bei der Entwicklung eines Zuchtwerts für Nutzungsdauer und Lebenseffektivität besonders berücksichtigt werden. Mit Hilfe der vorliegenden Arbeit konnten die Basis für die Entwicklung eines Zuchtwerts für Nutzungsdauer und Lebenseffektivität gelegt werden. Insgesamt konnte die Grundlage für die Entwicklung eines nachhaltigen Zuchtprogramms für Milchziegen im ökologischen Landbau abgebildet werden.With increasing agricultural goat farming, also the goat breeding for dairy goat farms is becoming more important. As most dairy goat farms are managed organically, organic breeding comes to the forefront. The present work was created within the project GoOrganic. The project is intending the development of a sustainable, resource-efficient and ecological breeding program for dairy goats. Aim of breeding is a good lifetime performance with high quality components and robustness, especially in grazing systems. In the present work it was hypothesized that the sustainability of the breeding program is represented with a high lifetime performance. Lifetime performance is considered as a summary of the milk yield within a healthy and a long life. This hypothesis gave rise to two main objectives. One aim was to identify characteristics that represent lifetime performance. Another aim was to integrate the lifetime performance into the estimation of breeding value. This resulted in two hypotheses. It was assumed that the changed lactation structures, milking through and extended milking, does influence the lifetime performance and should be taken into account within the estimation of breeding values. Furthermore, it was assumed that the characteristics of lifetime performance are hereditary and can therefore be included in the genetic evaluation or being used within the framework of the ecological breeding program. Based on the health monitoring from the cattle sector, a health monitoring system for dairy goats was developed as part of the GoOrganic project. Observations and measures by farmers can be recorded. Subsequently, based on the collected health data, breeding values for the functional traits will be estimated. Due to the change in the lactation structure, it was necessary to consider phenotypically lactations of dairy goats. Underlying is the definition of a 240-day performance as standard lactation performance in the context of estimation of breeding value for dairy goats. Consequently, the genetic background of the altered lactation structures was investigated. The aim was to find out whether a breeding prolongation of the lactations is possible. Subsequently, the performance milk recording data were considered at animal level. It was examined which of the traits are suitable for the development of a breeding value for length of productive life and lifetime effectivity. The data analysis showed that the lactations of the dairy goats partially exceeded the standard performance of 240 days in milk and that the lactation length could be modified by breeding. As part of the estimation of breeding values, an alternative to the currently used milk yield within 240-day in milk performance should be determined in the future to achieve a more precise description of the lactation performance as the lactation yields of permanently milked animals are not implied and are not completely reproduced. The heritabilities of the persistence milk yield and milk yield (kg) were set in the low to medium range. Both the phenotypic and genetic correlations between persistence milk yield and milk yield (kg) were located in the high positive range. Thus, a breeding extension of the lactations is possible. A clear separation of the breeding aims between extended and not extended milking farms should also be considered. Heritabilities for length of productive life, and the effectivity per day in milk were overall in the middle range. The traits of length of productive life and effectivity per day in milk are possible to breed. The milk yield in the first 120 days in milk in the first lactation correlated genetically positively with the length of productive life, lifetime effectivity and with the milk yield per day in milk. Lifetime effectivity was highly correlated with length of productive life and milk yield per day in milk and should therefore be given a more thorough consideration when developing a breeding value for length of productive life and lifetime effectivity. With the present work the basis for development of a breeding value for length of productive life and lifetime effectivity could be demonstrated. Overall, the basis for the development of a sustainable breeding program for dairy goats in organic farming could be represented
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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