1,720,990 research outputs found
Fall-related behavioural risk factors
Get PDFThis thesis includes three manuscripts with an overarching objective to improve understanding of behavioural risk factors for falling in community-dwelling older adults.
The first manuscript presented in Chapter two, presents a protocol for a scoping review. The objective of this scoping review was to highlight the current methods used to identify fall-related risk-taking behaviours in community-dwelling older adults, and to identify factors that might contribute to these behaviours.
The second manuscript (Chapter three) presents the results of the scoping review written in the format for publication. The review identified older adults are generally aware of their own falls risk and engage in protective behaviours to reduce their risk of falling. Older adults engaged in risk-taking behaviours based on the potential benefits outweighing perceived risk of the behaviours. An individual’s abilities, self-perception, personal values, and the environment likely influence the perception of risk which contributes to risk-taking behaviours.
The third manuscript (Chapter four) includes the analysis of clinical data from a community-based multi-component fall prevention program – the Building Balance Program. Individuals who participated in this six-week fall prevention program improved in balance ability, lower extremity muscle strength, mobility, and reduced fear of falling from baseline. Fear of falling (FoF) was the highest amongst the youngest participants despite having better physical function at the outset of the Program. This suggests that in addition to physical function, other factors, like psychological and social factors may be involved with FoF.ThesisMaster of Health Sciences (MSc)Falling is very common for older adults. Falling can lead to injuries and long-term side effects like fear of falling. Community-based exercise programs are a cost-effective way to help large groups of older adults reduce their risk of falling. Exercise programs can reduce older adults’ risk of falling by improving their balance and muscle strength. But exercise might not be enough to prevent falling in older adults. Falls can happen for various reasons, such as the activities or behaviours in which the individual participates. This thesis includes two studies presented in three papers aimed to better understand behavioural components which may be associated with falls. The results of this research suggest there is a psychological and social component involved with falling. The findings from this thesis highlight the importance of a holistic approach to and may help to inform the development of comprehensive interventions for fall prevention
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Unmet Need for Community Based Physiotherapy in Canada
Get PDFThis thesis includes four manuscripts with overarching objectives to identify if Canadians experience unmet need for physiotherapy. McIntyre et al.’s framework was utilized across the manuscripts to explore reasons why unmet need may exist.
The first manuscript presents a scoping review investigating unmet need for physiotherapy across Canada. The objective was to describe current evidence for unmet need for community-based physiotherapy services (CBPTS). Adults with chronic conditions versus those without, or who lived in rural versus urban communities were more likely to report unmet need for CBPTS. Availability and affordability were identified as reasons for unmet need.
The second manuscript presents a secondary data analysis of three Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) cycles (2001, 2003, 2005) for three provinces: Ontario (ON), Alberta (AB), British Columbia (BC). This study investigated factors that explain variations in self-reported unmet needs of individuals with specific chronic conditions. Unmet need for treatment of a physical health problem (PHP) was the most common type of need in all three cycles. Affordability was the only domain with significant differences between cycles in two provinces. Women were less likely than men, and older persons less likely than persons 40 – 45 years, to report unmet need for treatment of a PHP.
The third manuscript analyzed CCHS data for ON, AB and BC to investigate which socio-demographic variables were associated with reporting a visit to a physiotherapist in three cycles. People with lower income were less likely to report a physiotherapy visit compared to people with higher income. Women, and individuals with an injury or physical activity limitation were more likely to report a physiotherapy visit.
The fourth manuscript presents themes from key informant interviews that explored the partial removal of physiotherapy from the Ontario Health Insurance Plan (“delisting”). Partial delisting contributed to increased unmet need immediately following, and more than ten years post implementation. Longstanding unmet need due to affordability and availability was identified.ThesisDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)Physiotherapy is a health profession that works with people to help them stay healthy and maintain physical function. There are many people with chronic conditions who would benefit from receiving physiotherapy treatment, but are not able to do so. Three reasons that may explain why people do not receive physiotherapy are they: cannot afford to pay; cannot find a physiotherapist close to where they live or work; or they do not believe a physiotherapist will improve their health. This thesis includes four papers aimed at better understanding the reasons why people in three Canadian provinces, Ontario, Alberta and British Columbia, do not see a physiotherapist when their health would benefit from doing so. The results suggest that cost and the location where physiotherapy services are provided are reasons why some people do not receive physiotherapy care - even if they believe physiotherapy is needed. The findings from this thesis may help to inform the future organization and delivery of physiotherapy services
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