1,721,020 research outputs found
Fuzzy argumentation for trust
No full textIn an open Multi-Agent System, the goals of agents acting on behalf of their owners often conflict with each other. Therefore, a personal agent protecting the interest of a single user cannot always rely on them. Consequently, such a personal agent needs to be able to reason about trusting (information or services provided by) other agents. Existing algorithms that perform such reasoning mainly focus on the immediate utility of a trusting decision, but do not provide an explanation of their actions to the user. This may hinder the acceptance of agent-based technologies in sensitive applications where users need to rely on their personal agents. Against this background, we propose a new approach to trust based on argumentation that aims to expose the rationale behind such trusting decisions. Our solution features a separation of opponent modeling and decision making. It uses possibilistic logic to model behavior of opponents, and we propose an extension of the argumentation framework by Amgoud and Prade to use the fuzzy rules within these models for well-supported decisions
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The impact of type systems and test tooling on codified testing strategies: an exploratory multi-method approach
No full textSoftware testing has been around for decades and many tools exist to aid developers in their testing process. However, little is known about the rate at which developers test their projects, the tools they use for these purposes and the impact of type systems on testing practices. Our work is the first of its kind to identify and classify available test tooling for programming languages Java, C, JavaScript and Ruby. By conducting a large scale automated analysis on open-source software projects, we show that both available test tooling and type systems have significant impact on codified testing strategies. Our observations are strengthened by targeted interviews and a large-scale survey among developers working with both statically and dynamically typed programming languages. The soft typing system seems like a promising solution, allowing developers to work with the great flexibility less strict type systems provide, while simultaneously benefiting from strict type checks that help reduce the amount of testing required to ensure the correctness of a piece of software. However, future research is needed to estimate the feasibility of such a type system. To help better aid developers in their testing process and to reduce some of the testing burden many developers seem to cope with, we propose a list of test tooling improvements based on our observations
Game Theoretic Stable Microgrid Formation in the Electricity Grid
No full textThe current architecture of the power grid is outdated and will not provide the means to deal with the decentralization of energy sources. The smart grid is a newly envisioned architecture for the power grid that should solve the weaknesses in the current grid. One application that is part of the smart grid vision is the microgrid: a coalition of prosumers that is able to operate either in parallel to the power grid or isolated from it. In this work we investigate how these microgrids should be formed in order to maximize their usability while at the same time preserving the freedom of choice for participants. We apply a game theoretic perspective to simulate the choices of individual users. This results in a problem that combines the notion of core stability and maximization of social welfare. For this problem we provide a complexity proof, followed by a relaxation of core stability, -stability, by limiting the available knowledge for participants. Finally we produce our own distributed algorithm which can act as a heuristic.<br/
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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