14,513 research outputs found
Paradox. Licht en comfortabel?
No full textLicht bouwen staat in de belangstelling. Minder massa betekent minder grondstoffen, minder productie-energie, minder transport en aan het eind van de cyclus ook nog eens minder bouwafval. Het is dus een van de opties om het milieu te sparen. Licht bouwen past ook goed in een industriële benadering van het bouwen. Lichter staat voor groot maar toch hanteerbaar. Er is echter een keerzijde: in de zomersituatie wordt licht bouwen namelijk vereenzelvigd met een opwarmprobleem. Licht en comfortabel lijken strijdig te zijn. In dit artikel gaat Martin de Wit, hoogleraar bouwfysica aan de TU/e in op deze en andere aspecten van licht bouwen
Ontwerp van een duurzaam, energieneutraal vakantiepark met de nadruk op de aspecten energie en water in de gebruiksfase
No full textWHY IS AMAZONITIC K-FELDSPAR AN EARMARK OF NYF-TYPE GRANITIC PEGMATITES?
No full textOral presentation- Communicating author: Martin R
Benefits of a Classification Scheme of Granitic Pegmatites Based on Petrogenetic Considerations.
No full textOral presentation-
Communicating author: Martin RF
35 anos depois de “um encontro entre pesquisadores: Ciências sociais e política no Brasil"
No full textThe next couple of articles are two parts of a piece. The latter one was written by Monique de Saint-Martin after her visit to the annual Anpocs meeting in 1986. Originally published in 1998 at Actes de la recherche en science sociales, the text is now published for the first time in Brazil, accompanied by a short essay by the author, in which she considers her own original paper 35 years after its writing.Os dois textos a seguir formam um conjunto. O segundo é um texto escrito por Monique de Saint-Martin após sua participação no Encontro da Anpocs de 1986. Originalmente publicado na Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales, em 1988, agora o publicamos em português pela primeira vez, acompanhado de um ensaio introdutório em que Saint-Martin faz uma análise do texto 35 anos depois
Para una historia de la lectura. Historias. Revista de la Dirección de Estudios Históricos. Num. 24 (1990) abril-septiembre
No full text1 En francés "dérimeurs", del verbo dérimer, desrimar, poner en prosa libros en verso. (N. del T.).2 Región histórica del centro de la cuenca parisina de límites imprecisos, designada así en el siglo XIV. En esta zona se encuentran los departamentos de Essone, Hauts-de-Seine, París , Seine-et -Marne, Seine-SaintDenis, Val-de-Marne, Val d'Oise, Yvelines. (N. del T.).3 Posiblemente el autor se refiere al artículo "Aprés le livre?" ["¿Después del libro?"], traducción del inglés al francés publicada en el mismo número de la revista de dónde tomamos el trabajo de H. J. Martin en cuestión. (N. del T.).4 Se trata de Menocchio, personaje central del sugerente libro El queso y los gusanos, de Cario Ginzburg. (N. del T.).5 Del impresor italiano Aldo Manuzio o Manuzzi (1449 ó 1450-1515). (N. del T.).Tomado de Ledébat. Histoire, politique, société, núm. 22, París, Gallimard, 1982. El texto escrito no surgió de ningún modo completamente acabado, como Platón nos lo relata, del cerebro de algún demiurgo. Tal como lo conocemos y lo practicamos, es el resultado de los esfuerzos desplegados en el curso de milenios por las sucesivas sociedades que lo utilizaban para así concretar su pensamiento visualizándolo. Pero también es el resultado de un largo aprendizaje gestual y sicológico en cuyo curso el diálogo del lector con el texto no cesó de evolucionar acompañado o animado por nuevas maneras de razonar, puestas ellas mismas en discusión sin cesar. ¿Se puede abonar el terreno de esta historia tan larga e incluso a veces tan mal conocida
War of virtues and vices: the poison of heresies in comentários of Martin Del Rio
No full textEste trabalho pretende analisar a obra de Martin Del Rio, Comentarios de las alteraciones de los Estados de Flandes: sucedidas despues de la llegada del Señor Don Iuan de Austria a ellos, hasta su muerte, originalmente escrita em latim. Para fundamentação teórica, é apresentado o contexto da Bélgica no século XVI, e como este foi importante para a escrita do autor. Também são abordadas as questões da guerra, do mal e da heresia como elementos que constituem a base do pensamento de Martin Del Rio. São levados em consideração a escrita da história e os hábitos de leitura de seus contemporâneos.This study aims to examine Martin Del Rio`s book, Comentarios de las alteraciones de los Estados de Flandes: sucedidas despues de la llegada del Señor Don Iuan de Austria a ellos, hasta su muerte, originally written in Latin. For theoretical reasons, this study presents the context of Belgium in the sixteenth century, and how it was important for the author`s writings. Also, the issues of the war, the evil and the heresy are considered as elements that form the basics of his thoughts. History books and the reading habits of his contemporaries are other subjects of this analysis
Phosphorylation and proteome dynamics in pathogen-resistant tomato plants
No full textMicrobial plant pathogens impose a continuous threat on global food production. Similar to disease resistance in mammals, an innate immune system allows plants to recognise pathogens and swiftly activate defence. For the work described in this thesis, the interaction between tomato and the extracellular fungal pathogen Cladosporium fulvum serves as a model system to study host resistance and susceptibility in plant-pathogen interactions. Resistance to C. fulvum in tomato plants follows the gene-for-gene hypothesis, which requires the presence of a Cf resistance gene in tomato and presence of the cognate avirulence gene (Avr) in C. fulvum. Upon perception of the Avr by a tomato plant, a typical hypersensitive response (HR) is induced that renders the plant resistant to C. fulvum. In the years preceding this thesis work, most research was focussed on understanding which Avrs are produced by C. fulvum and how these Avrs are actually perceived by resistant plants (Chapter 1). The goal of the work described in this thesis is to reveal downstream signalling cascades triggered upon Avr perception. Therefore, the HR was studied by using a model system in which the Cf-4 protein of tomato and the Avr4 protein from C. fulvum were simultaneously expressed in tomato seedlings. Since the Cf-4/Avr-induced responses are inhibited at 33°C and high humidity, these Cf-4/Avr4 seedlings initiate a synchronized and reproducible HR after incubation at 33°C and a subsequent shift to 20°C, which allows studying downstream responses. To prevent pathogen proliferation in the resistant plant, defence signalling cascades need to be activated extremely fast upon pathogen recognition. Therefore, many downstream signalling cascades depend on post-translational modifications (PTMs) that allow a rapid, reversible, controlled and highly specific transduction of perceived signals. An overview of the various types of PTMs and their role in the resistance response of plants to pathogens is provided in Chapter 2. In addition, examples are provided of successful pathogens that manipulate PTMs. Protein phosphorylation seems to play an important role in the Cf-4/Avr4-triggered HR, since Avr4 perception leads to the specific activation of at least three mitogen-activated protein kinases, LeMPK1, -2 and -3, which requires phosphorylation by an upstream kinase (Chapter 3). Each of these three kinases seems to have a different role in downstream defence signalling, since the kinases were shown to have different phosphorylation specificities and therefore most likely have different downstream target substrates. Furthermore, these kinases appear to play a different role with regard to HR and full resistance to C. fulvum in tomato (Chapter 3). Since protein phosphorylation was shown to play an important role in Cf-4/Avr4-induced defence signalling, the phosphoproteome of Cf-4/Avr4 and control seedlings after HR initiation was studied using a new approach (Chapter 4). This approach led to the identification of 50 phosphoproteins, most of which have not been described in tomato before. Quantification revealed 13 phosphoproteins with an altered abundance in the Cf-4/Avr4 seedlings as compared to the control, which implies HR-induced differential phosphorylation of these proteins. Phosphorylation-mediated regulation of the activity of these proteins pointed to a swift decrease in photosynthetic activity upon HR-initiation, which was confirmed by experiments in which the actual efficiency of the photosynthesis in the Cf-4/Avr4 seedlings was determined upon induction of the HR. Furthermore, a shift from aerobic to anaerobic respiration, which possibly results from oxygen depletion caused by a massive oxidative burst consuming large amounts of oxygen, seems to take place upon initiation of the HR. Finally, differential phosphorylation of the four cytoplasmic isoforms of the Hsp90 chaperone protein was observed, suggesting that they play distinct roles during defence signalling (Chapter 4). In addition to the HR, other associated defence responses are initiated upon recognition of C. fulvum. One of these responses is the secretion of defence-related proteins into the apoplast, which is the environment where C. fulvum operates. Therefore, the dynamics of the apoplastic proteome of resistant, Cf-4-expressing plants and susceptible tomato plants lacking Cf-4, were studied after inoculation with a strain of C. fulvum that secretes Avr4 (Chapter 5). Analysis of the apoplastic proteome revealed a slow accumulation of defence proteins in the apoplast of susceptible plants, which is most likely the result of perception of general elicitors of C. fulvum by tomato. In resistant plants, the same set of proteins accumulates in the apoplast, but this occurs much faster and to higher levels. The accelerated response is caused by the Cf-4/Avr4-initiated HR that also leads to cell death. The HR, in combination with the accelerated protein secretion, renders the plants resistant to C. fulvum. In addition, in susceptible plants C. fulvum seems to specifically downregulate genes encoding cell wall proteins of which the accumulation possibly hampers nutrient and water uptake and thereby proliferation of the pathogen in the tomato apoplast. Possibly, an effector of C. fulvum targets a receptor for general elicitors, thereby suppressing transcription of these genes (Chapter 5). Most data described in this thesis have been obtained from Cf-4/Avr4 seedlings in which the HR can be inhibited by incubating the plants at 33°C. The present data suggest that this temperature-sensitivity occurs at the site of signal perception. Possibly, cytoplasmic Hsp90 stabilizes R protein complexes localized at the plasma membrane. Upon high temperature stress, an increased demand for Hsp90 occurs in the cells to stabilize unfolding proteins that play a role in basal cellular processes, which could lead to the release and subsequent degradation of R protein complexes, rendering defence signalling temperature-sensitive (Chapter 6). The temperature-sensitivity of the Cf-4/Avr4-initiated HR provides a very clean and reproducible tool to study the HR, in the absence of the fungus that produces the Avr. Furthermore, the data described in this thesis provide evidence that the Cf-4/Avr4 seedlings recover from the temperature stress before the specific Cf-4/Avr4-triggered HR is initiated. The possibility to separate the events directly associated with the HR from the full resistance response of the plant to the invading fungus, provides new insight into the complexity of plant defence responses and their specific suppression upon successful colonization by C. fulvum (Chapter 6). Comparison of the defence response to other processes that occur in the cell underlines that resistance and HR execution cannot be seen as an independent and separate process in resistant plants that have recognized a pathogen. On the contrary, signalling cascades seem to depend on similar components and on cascades that possibly converge, eventually leading to a similar response (Chapter 6). Finally, an up to date model for the Cf-4/Avr4-triggered HR and resistance is proposed, based on data that have been published before and the results obtained with the research described in this thesis (Chapter 6). <br/
Diario de Campo: Boletín Interno de los investigadores del área de Antropología. 82 (2006) febrero. Diario de Campo
No full text- Festín para fotógrafos por Juan Llano Rocamora. - El atlas etnográfico de los pueblos originarios por Teresa Mora Vázquez. - Música, Evolución e Identidad por Thomas Stanford. - El mobbing: Problema emergente para la investigación antropológica de las sociedades complejas por Florencia Peña Saint Martin, Arturo Luis Alonzo Padilla y Rolando Javier González Arias. - Los nombres y las cosas en lenguas de clasificadores numerales por Saúl Morales Lara. - Arquitectura, nacionalismos y contrarrevolución por Carlos Mariano Tur Donati. - El lienzo de Tlaxcala por Nazario A. Sánchez Mastranzo. - La colección Espino Barros por María Hernández Ramírez. - Matemática indígena: cazadores-recolectores por Irene Jiménez. - Haciendas y comunidades en el siglo XVIII: un panorama en la jurisdicción de Tlalnepantla, México por José Antonio González Gómez. - Fricassée et Fricandeau. Los primeros pasos de la cocina francesa en México por José Luis Juárez López. - Conflicto social y gestión del patrimonio cultural por Jesús Antonio Machuca Ramírez. - El patrimonio cultural en peligro: a propósito de la nueva Ley de Fomento y Difusión de la Cultura por Victor Joel Santos Ramírez
. 24 (1990) abril-septiembre. Historias. Revista de la Dirección de Estudios Históricos
No full text- Una revista, sesenta años después. Los Annales por María Teresa Solana. - Para una historia de la lectura Henri-Jean Martin. - Entre el soliloquio y el diálogo por Emilio Uranga. - San Rafael: Un pueblo y una empresa. Imágenes de su historia en el proceso de trabajo, 1890-1940 por Laura Espejel López. - La historiografía mexicana y lo contemporáneo por Hira de Gortari Rabiela. - Las apariciones de Cihuacóatl por Rodrigo Martínez. - La urbanización moderna del pueblo de Tiquicheo a fines de la época colonial por Marta Teran. - Raíz colonial de la tradición otomiana en la región. Guanajuato-Querétaro por Ana Maria Crespo y Beatriz Cervantes J. - Apoyo y antagonismo en torno al establecimiento del consulado de Veracruz por Matilde Souto Mantecon. - Comercio y Estado en el México colonial e independiente por Inés Herrera y Armando Alvarado. - La visión de los salvados. Los retablos de la revolución y la guerra cristera por Patricia Arias y Jorge Durand. - Una ventana a la ciudad. Bibliografía de orientación en la Puebla de los Angeles, siglos XIX y XX por Leticia Gamboa Ojeda y Carlos Contreras Cruz. - De la tradición a su leyenda por Antonio Saborit. - Ocharte, sucesor de Juan Pablos por Emma Rivas. - Asuntos de familia por Guillermo Turner. - Imágenes de la imagen por Julia Tuñón. – Crestomanía por José Mariano Leyva
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