1,720,982 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Integrasie van artikulatoriese en akoestiese eienskappe van vokale: 'n beskrywingsraamwerk
Full text linkThe main purpose of this research was to develop an integrated framework for the description, analysis and interpretation of vowels, which should be applicable first and foremost to Afrikaans, but also to other languages. This broad applicability is, to a large extent, due to the nature of articulatory and acoustic phonetics. This framework can therefore be seen as an attempt to develop a universally applicable descriptive model. Although many well-written works exist which provide detailed discussions on the two types of phonetics, a comprehensive, integrated model such as the one proposed here has not yet been developed. This article is an attempt to contribute to the development of such a framework. I focus on the description of the physical, i.e. the acoustic, characteristics of vowels, as this facet gives one the opportunity to provide a wider-ranging and more precise description, which is imperative when different vowel systems are being compared. Such comparisons include those between the related languages Afrikaans and Dutch, but also, and in particular, the comparison of a number of pronunciation varieties of Afrikaans. The latter is an important aim of this comprehensive research project, of which this article provides an overview.
In the absence of sufficient artwork, I have made ample use of Dutch works (particularly that of Rietveld and Van Heuven, 2009), which constitute a comprehensive discussion of the articulation of vowels. Furthermore, these authors personally made available to me a complete set of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), one for each Dutch vowel. The second author also provided his sound files of his reading of the vowels in the framework h_t. This was used in the development of an online interactive vowel chart. As can be seen and heard on this web page, the manner in which vowels are formed (articulated) is illustrated graphically. The pronunciation of vowels is combined with these images. An attractive feature available on this interactive chart is the comparison of the tongue and lip stances of a specific vowel with each of the remaining eleven vowels in a graphic manner.
The acoustic parameters under consideration in this article are the temporal parameter, duration and particularly various spectral parameters. The most important parameters are those which refer to the vowel formant frequency parameters F1, F2 and F3, as well as F0, which is the fundamental frequency. The bandwidth of vowels is often neglected in vowel descriptions in general. Nevertheless, I do discuss them here with specific reference to F1. Other parameters that are also interesting and important for a comprehensive description of vowels are total intensity and the intensity that can be measured in certain spectral areas (I investigate two: those called BF1 and BF2, respectively Band Pass Filter 1 and Band Pass Filter 2). According to my knowledge, the ratio between harmonicity and noise that can be found in vowel waveforms (i.e. harmonicity-to-noise ratio, or HNR) has not yet been used in the way in which I represent it in this research. The latter may be valuable when studying emphasis on vowels, be it stress or sentence accent.
In this article, both acoustic vowel charts and line graphs are proposed to describe the acoustic characteristics of vowels in a precise and comprehensive manner. These vowel charts and line graphs were derived from acoustic information extracted from the acoustic wave form and provided in the form of tables. It is indicated that although the use of gradient-related parameters is not required in the case of the short, steady-state vowels, the opposite applies to the diphthonged vowels with gliding first and second formants. This aspect of vowels receives special attention. Various methods of approach are illustrated, among others those related to the one that I propose. I refer to the method of description of Adank et al. (2004) in particular, which simply uses two readings on the temporal line of the formants, one on the 25% mark and one on the 75% mark. Smakman (2006) refines this method by suggesting a diphthongisation index. I indicate that this method is not superior to the one suggested in the present article.
In addition to explaining the use of acoustic vowel charts and line graphs, it is demonstrated how the statistical method of discriminant function analysis can be used to determine which parameters discriminate best between two or more naturally occurring groups of vowels. It is pointed out, for example, that one should always be able to discriminate between vowels that belong to the same natural phonological class in a more precise manner when making use of the full set of parameters rather than only the two traditional vowel frequency parameters, namely F1 and F2, even if duration, the other customary phonological feature, is also brought into the equation. This is demonstrated with reference to the high middle and high back vowels (/u/ and /o/). When only F1 and F2 are used, /u/ is classified correctly for only 56%, and /o/ for 75%. This level of success is increased to 94% and 95% respectively if all parameters are usedwww.litnet.co.za/integrasie-van-artikulatoriese-en-akoestiese-eienskappe-van- vokale-n-beskrywingsraamwerk
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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