1,720,979 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
(Epi)genetic characterization of chemotherapy response in ovarian cancer: Finding better markers, models and targets for therapy
Get PDFThe major obstacle for successful treatment of advanced stage ovarian cancer (OC) patients comes from platinum-based chemotherapy resistance. In cancer, the (epi)genetic alterations play a crucial role in the regulation of genes related to response towards chemotherapy. Identification of (epi)genetically-regulated key genes that modulate platinum response in OC, may predict response to therapy, and facilitates novel treatment strategies to overcome platinum resistance. Furthermore, development of patient-tailored therapies demands advanced clinically relevant models. The primary objective of this thesis concerns identification and functional validation of robust (epi)genetic chemoresponse biomarkers in OC. We perfomed (epi)genome-wide analysis of OC patient tumors using next-generation sequencing, global DNA methylome pattern, gene expression profiles and identified novel chemoresponse markers that may serve as putative targets. We validated these novel markers on various independent patient cohorts as well as functionally validated them on large panel of OC cell lines. Furthermore, we established patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models for OC and characterized them at histological and (epi)genomic level. Moreover, we utilized these patient-mimicking PDX models to identify novel chemoresponse markers and real-time monitoring of chemoresponse-related targets like VEGF and IGF-1R using advanced optical imaging. In conclusion, results presented in this thesis contribute to our knowledge regarding the complex interaction between the (epi)genome and chemoresistance in OC. Furthermore, models were established for future cancer research to validate novel targets and treatment options. These results may have an impact on chemoresistance management of OC in the near future
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Kinome directed target discovery and validation in unique ovarian clear cell carcinoma models
Get PDFAdvanced stage ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is unresponsive to conventional platinum-based chemotherapy. Efforts to improve OCCC chemotherapy responses have focused on combining platinum with other chemotherapeutic agents or targeted therapies, but have unfortunately not led to higher survival rates. SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes are important regulators of chromatin structure and gene transcription. Multiple SWI/SNF subunits are genetically altered in cancer. The SWI/SNF DNA targeting subunit ARID1A is frequently mutated with the highest mutation frequency found in OCCC. Kinases are important for the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis signaling. A number of kinases are mutated in OCCC, including PIK3CA and KRAS, and are known to promote tumor growth. The aim of this thesis was to identify new therapeutic targets for OCCC patients. To this end, we searched for specific kinase vulnerabilities in OCCC with deleterious mutations in ARID1A using kinome-centered shRNA based synthetic lethality screening in ARID1A wild-type and mutant OCCC cell lines. The identified synthetic lethal hit was validated in vitro and in vivo and we found causal evidence for the observed synthetic lethal interaction with ARID1A loss. In addition, we searched for new kinase alterations in a large group of OCCC tumors and cell lines and subsequently tested the druggability of downstream affected pathways in vitro and in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of OCCC. Based on the heterogeneous pattern of mutations across PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK proliferation pathways in OCCC, we searched for effective combinations of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK kinase inhibitors in low-dose concentrations to simultaneously target key kinases in OCCC. Finally, we described the establishment of OCCC PDX models and compared genomic and histopathology characteristics between paired patient and PDX OCCC tumors to determine the level of similarity. In conclusion, new therapeutic targets in OCCC have been identified and a low-dose treatment strategy was preclinically tested in unique OCCC models in this thesis. These results may advance the treatment of OCCC
Methylation analysis for the identification of cervical lesions to improve cervical cancer screening in a Chinese population
Get PDFCervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women. Cervical cancer is characterized by a well-defined pre-malignant phase and strongly associated with high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infections. Population-based cervical screening programs have decreased the incidence of cervical cancer significant. In many countries hrHPV testing has recently replaced cytology as primary screening method for the early detection of cervical cancer. Although using hrHPV testing identifies most women with disease, also many women without disease are hrHPV-positive. Cytology is now included as triage method to decrease the number of unnecessary referrals for colposcopy, but still 50% women do not have disease. Therefore, better triage assays are needed. At the UMCG several triage methylation markers have been identified and evaluated to improve early cervical cancer screening. Na Li investigated the diagnostic performance of several Dutch methylation markers in cervical scrapings collected from Chinese women in Tianjin Hospital. The ability to classify women with and without disease was compared to the diagnostic value of the same markers in a Dutch population. These studies revealed that despite the difference in geographic area and race, the diagnostic value was very comparable between Chinese and Dutch women. The study of Na Li also revealed that methylation marker panels using quantitative methylation-specific PCR can be implemented easily in China. Most importantly, these markers are applicable as triage test in cervical cancer screening in both China and the Netherlands and might decrease the number of unnecessary colposcopies
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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