1,720,953 research outputs found
Dietary folate intake and adequacy of male and female adolescents in New Zealand
No full textBackground: Folate is a B vitamin involved in the synthesis and methylation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, liver, yeast extracts and whole grains are rich sources of natural folate. Synthetic folic acid is commonly added to foods including cereals, breads and beverages. Inadequate folate intake is common amongst females, particularly in countries that do not allow, or only permit voluntary folic acid fortification. Currently, New Zealand permits folic acid fortification on a voluntary basis, however, the debate over mandatory versus voluntary fortification is ongoing.
Objective: To investigate and compare the dietary intake of, and major food group contributors of folate (including folic acid) among adolescent males and females aged 15- 18 years in New Zealand.
Design: This study is part of SuNDiAL (Survey of Nutrition, Dietary Assessment and Lifestyle), a New Zealand-wide observational, cross-sectional survey. Participants aged 15-18 years were recruited from 19 high schools across New Zealand in 2019 and 2020.
Socio-demographic, anthropometric and dietary data, including food frequency and dietary habits questionnaires, were collected. Usual dietary folate intakes were assessed using two 24-hour diet recalls completed on non-consecutive days. Dietary folate was reported as total folate (dietary folate equivalents, DFEs), natural food folate and folic acid. The EAR cut off of 330 µg/day DFE was used to determine the prevalence of inadequacy. Lastly, the major food groups that contributed to total dietary folate intake were assessed and ranked.
Results: Four-hundred and two participants enrolled in the study comprised of 266 females and 135 males, with a mean (SD) age of 17 (0.8) years. The majority of participants identified as New Zealand European and other (NZEO) (71%) followed by Maori, Asian and Pacific. The median (IQR) of total usual dietary folate intake of male participants was 453.9 (334.1,714.9) µg DFEs/day and for females was 408.7 (299.4, 585.8) µg DFEs/day, resulting in a prevalence of inadequate intake of 25% and 33%, respectively. Male participants had nearly double the intake of folic acid compared to that of females (77.0 and 41.6 µg/day, respectively). Differences in total folate intake and prevalence of inadequacy between males and females were more apparent in the older age groups (17-18 years) with females having double the risk of inadequacy compared to their male counterparts (32% vs 16% respectively). For all females, the highest prevalence of inadequacy was reported in participants classified as Asian (67%) and those from higher socio-economic neighbourhoods (44%).
Among males, participants who identified as Asian (35%) and Pacific (33%) had the highest prevalence of inadequate intake. The top food groups contributing to folate intake in males was breakfast cereals at 25% and bread in females at 17%.
Conclusion: Overall, both males and females were at risk of inadequate folate intakes although the prevalence of inadequacy was concerningly higher among females. The major food groups contributing to dietary folate intakes were predominantly fortified food products although folic acid intakes were moderate. Further food fortification measures may be needed to meet the intake requirements of this lifecycle group, however, nationally representative survey data would enable better modelling and risk assessment
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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