1,720,956 research outputs found
Pra Rencana Pabrik Isopropylamine dari Hidrogenasi Dimetil Keton dengan Katalis Nikel dan Wolfram
Full text linkPra Rencana Pabrik Isoprophylamine ini direncanakan untuk dapat berproduksi pada tahun 2024 dengan kapasitas sebesar 21.000 ton/tahun dalam bentuk liquid. Isoprophylamine merupakan produk dengan komoditas yang diminati oleh industri pertanian di Indonesia. Perkembangan industri isopropylamine sejalan dengan kemajuan dalam bidang pertanian khususnya dalam bidang pemberantasan hama (herbisida, insectisida, bakterisida). Pengguanaan utama isopropylamin adalah dalam bidang pertanian yaitu sebagai bahan baku pada industri pembuatan herbisida dan insectisida. Disamping digunakan dalam bidang pertanian isopropylamin juga digunakan dalam Industri tekstil digunakan sebagai adiktif pada bahan pencelup atau pewarna dan juga sebagai bahan adiktif pada proses pembuatan tekstil yang memiliki sifat khusus. Metode produksi Isopropilamine dicirikan dalam reaktor fixed bed. Molibdenum (Mo) dan/atau wolfram (W) ditambahkan ke dalam katalis berbasis Ni, didalam reaktor memuat katalis berbasis nikel berbentuk bulat di dekat ujung masuk, dekat ujung keluar berbentuk batang pengisi katalis berbasis nikel. Reaksi terjadi pada reaktor fixed bed dengan suhu 125°C, tekanan 15 atm. Kemudian dimurnikan dengan proses destilasi yang berfungsi untuk memisahkan produk bawah dan produk atas. Produk atas akan mendapatkan produk utama yaitu monoisopropylamine dengan konversi sebesar 99,3%. Pabrik ini didirikan di Kawasan Industri JIIPE, Gresik dan beroperasi selama 330 hari/tahun dengan data-data sebagai berikut :
1. Kapasitas Produksi : 21.000/Ton
2. Bahan Baku : Dimetil Keton, Ammonia, dan Hidrogen
3. Sistem Operasi : Kontinu
4. Waktu Operasi : 330 Hari/Tahun; 24 Jam/Hari
5. Luas Tanah : 26356,2 m2
6. Jumlah Karyawan : 107 Orang
7. Bentuk Perusahaan : Perseroan Terbatas (PT)
8. Struktur Organisasi : Line and Staff
Analisa Ekonomi :
1. Masa Konstruksi : 2 tahun
2. Umur Pabrik : 10 Tahun
3. Modal Tetap : Rp. 401.827.011.347,-
4. Modal Kerja : Rp. 4.409.732.512.194,-
5. Modal Total : Rp. 4.873.068.679.154,-
6. Biaya bahan baku/Tahun : Rp. 4.522.318.494.759,-
7. Biaya Utilitas/Tahun : Rp. 4.552.641.956,-
8. Listrik : Rp. 2.046.528.000,-
9. Air : Rp. 45.129.657,-
10. Steam : 2750,43 lb/jam
11. Bahan Bakar : 213,3379 L/jam
12. Biaya Produksi Total (TPC): Rp. 26.411.321.753.967,-
13. Hasil Penjualan/Tahun : Rp. 29.070.371.647.048,-
14. Bunga Bank : 8%
15. Rate On Investment (ROI) : 37,8%
16. Pay Back Period (PBP) : 2 Tahun 5 Bulan
17. Internal Rate of Return (IRR) : 32,6%
18. Break Event Point (BEP) : 38,23
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Analisis Hazard and Operability Study pada Finish Mill
Full text linkFactory PT. Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. Tuban Factory in Sumber Arum Village, Kerek District, Tuban Regency. Establishment of PT. Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. Tuban Factory with a production capacity of 14 million tons of cement per year using a dry process. The Tuban factory is divided into 5 main processes, namely the supply of raw materials, grinding raw materials, burning, final milling, and bagging or packaging. The supporting units include the operation control maintenance unit, process control unit, quality assurance unit, process analysis unit, utility unit, occupational safety unit, third material unit, and emission control unit. On the manufacture of cement in PT. Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. used correction materials, namely cooper slag and silica sand as mineraloxide enhancer materials that are not contained in the main raw materials. While the additional materials used are trass and gypsum as determinants of cement properties. At the Tuban Plant, innovations are carried out to produce their own energy
which will be used by the factory so as to reduce costs
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
PEMANFAATAN KITOSAN DARI CANGKANG RAJUNGAN SEBAGAI BIOKOAGULAN PADA AIR LIMBAH INDUSTRI TAHU
Full text linkCangkang rajungan memiliki kandungan kitin yang banyak yaitu 22,66%. Kitin akan diproses menjadi biokoagulan yang akan mengurangi kandungan COD(Chemical Oxygen Demand) pada limbah produksi tahu. Limbah produksi tahu masih mengandung konsentrasi COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) sebesar 1017,35 mg/L yang dapat mencemari lingkungan pabrik. Penambahan biokoagulan dengan proses koagulasi dan flokulasi diharapkan mampu menurunkan kadar COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penambahan dosis terbaik pada sampel limbah dalam pembuatan biokoagulan. Proses penelitian dilakukan secara bertahap dimulai dengan pengeringan dan penghalusan cangkang rajungan yang kemudian dilanjutkan dengan proses demineralisasi, deproteinasi, dan deasetilasi. Pada tahap selanjutnya biokoagulan ditambahkan pada limbah dengan skala laboratorium menggunakan metode koagulasi dan flokulasi. Proses koagulasi dan flokulasi perlu ditambahkan biokoagulan untuk menghilangkan bahan pencemar yang tersuspensi dengan bentuk koloid dalam air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan biokoagulan 0,4g:250ml mempunyai effisiensi terbaik yaitu sebesar 99,5% yang dapat menurunkan kadar COD sebesar 1017,35 mg/l. Biokoagulan dapat menurunkan kadar COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) sesuai baku mutu yang telah ditetapkan menjadi 4,893 mg/L sehingga tidak mencemari lingkungan
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
