1,284 research outputs found
The Community-delivered Integrated Malaria Elimination Model for Myanmar
No full textThis PhD project developed a community-delivered malaria elimination model that is acceptable by community members and health stakeholders in Myanmar, operational, pragmatic, and more effective than the traditional models of malaria control in Myanmar, and could be replicated or adapted in other Greater Mekong Subregion countries
The Community-delivered Integrated Malaria Elimination Model for Myanmar
No full textThis PhD project developed a community-delivered malaria elimination model that is acceptable by community members and health stakeholders in Myanmar, operational, pragmatic, and more effective than the traditional models of malaria control in Myanmar, and could be replicated or adapted in other Greater Mekong Subregion countries
Analysis of Streamflow Response to Changing Climate Conditions Using SWAT Model
No full textThe understanding of climate change is curial for the security of hydrologic conditions of river basins and it is very important to study the climate change impacts on streamflow by analyzing the different climate scenarios with the help of the hydrological models. The main purpose of this study is to project the future climate impact on streamflow by using the SWAT model. The multi-model projections indicated that Upper Ayeyarwady River Basin is likely to become hotter in dry season under low rainfall intensity with increasing temperature and likely to become wetter but warmer in both rainy and winter season because of high rainfall intensity with increased temperature in future. The impact of climate change scenarios is predicted to decrease the annual streamflow by about 0.30 to 1.92% under RCP2.6, 5.59 to 7.29% under RCP4.5 and 10.43 to 11.92% under RCP8.5. Based on the change in high and low flow percentage with respect to the baseline period, the difference between high and low flow variation range will increase year by year based on future scenarios. Therefore, it can be concluded that it may occur more low flow in the dry season which leads to increase in water scarcity and drought and more high flow in the wet season which can cause flooding, water insecurity, stress, and other water-related disasters
Assessment of Future Climate Change Projections Using Multiple Global Climate Models
No full textNowadays, the hydrological cycle which alters river discharge and water availability is affected by climate change. Therefore, the understanding of climate change is curial for the security of hydrologic conditions of river basins. The main purpose of this study is to assess the projections of future climate across the Upper Ayeyarwady river basin for its sustainable development and management of water sector for this area. Global Ten climate Models available from CMIP5 represented by the IPCC for its fifth Assessment Report were bias corrected using linear scaling method to generate the model error. Among the GCMs, a suitable climate model for each station is selected based on the results of performance indicators (R2 and RMSE). Future climate data are projected based on the selected suitable climate models by using future climate scenarios: RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5. According to this study, future projection indicates to increase in precipitation amounts in the rainy and winter season and diminishes in summer season under all future scenarios. Based on the seasonal temperature changes analysis for all stations, the future temperature are predicted to steadily increase with higher rates during summer than the other two seasons and it can also be concluded that the monthly minimum temperature rise is a bit larger than the maximum temperature rise in all seasons
Occurrence of Zooplanktons in the Eastern Part of Inle Lake, Nyaungshwe
No full textOccurrence of zooplanktons in the eastern part of Inle Lake was conducted during July 2017 to October 2018. In Inle Lake, four study sites were selected for research work such as Tha Le Oo village (site I), Inn Le (site II), Nyaung Wun village (site III), and Pae Pin village (site IV). Water samples from selected study sites were seasonally collected to observed zooplanktons. A total of zooplanktons observed was 40 genera belonging to 30 families, 20 orders, and 14 classes under 10 phyla from four study sites in Inle Lake. Among the ten phyla, Arthropoda was the most abundant (13 genera, 32.5 %) followed by Ciliophora (nine genera, 22.5 %) and Rotifera (seven genera, 17.50 %), and the least was Protozoa, Euglenozoa, Nematoda, Gastrotricha and Euarthropoda (one genus, 2.5 %), respectively. These zooplanktons could be identified down to genus level. Zooplanktons represented by 18 genera in site I, 19 in site II, 20 in site III and 28 in site IV. Seasonally, the most abundant and occurrence of zooplanktons (16 genera, 40.0 %) was found in rainy season of site IV and the hot season of site I followed by 15 genera (37.5 %) in the hot season of site IV, and the least (one genus, 2.5 %) in rainy season of site II
Strengthening the health systems at national level for malaria elimination in the Greater Mekong Subregion countries: a qualitative study
No full textMOESM4 of The impact of community-delivered models of malaria control and elimination: a systematic review
No full textAdditional file 4. Papers excluded after second step screening with reasons for exclusion
Community demand for comprehensive primary health care from malaria volunteers in South-East Myanmar: a qualitative study
No full textBACKGROUND: Malaria volunteers have contributed significantly to malaria control achieving a reduction of annual parasite incidence to pre-elimination levels in several townships across Myanmar. However, the volunteers' role is changing as Myanmar transitions from a malaria control to elimination programme and towards the goal of universal health coverage. The aim of the study is to explore the perspectives of community leaders, members and malaria volunteers in South-East Myanmar on community-delivered models to inform an optimal design that targets malaria elimination in the context of primary health care in Myanmar. METHODS: Qualitative methods including focus group discussions (FGDs) with community members and current or ex-malaria volunteers, and participatory workshops with community leaders were conducted. All data collection tools were pilot tested with similar participants. The FGDs were stratified into male and female participants in consideration of diverse gender roles among the ethnic groups of Myanmar. Data saturation was the key cut-off point to cease recruitment of participants. Inductive thematic analysis was used. RESULTS: Community members were willing to be tested for malaria because they were concerned about the consequences of malaria although they were aware that malaria prevalence is low in their villages. Malaria volunteers were the main service providers for malaria and other infectious diseases in the community. Apart from malaria, the community identified common health problems such as the flu (fever, sneezing and coughing), diarrhoea, skin infections and tuberculosis as priority diseases in this order. Incorporating preventive, and whenever possible curative, services for those diseases into the current malaria volunteer model was recommended. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: There was a gap between the communities' expectations of health services and the health services currently being delivered by volunteers in the community that highlights the need for reassessment and reform of the volunteer model in the changing context. An evidence-based, community preferred, pragmatic community-delivered integrated model should be constructed based on the context of malaria elimination and progressing towards universal health coverage in Myanmar
MOESM1 of The impact of community-delivered models of malaria control and elimination: a systematic review
No full textAdditional file 1. Different names of community health workers (CHW)
Biology of the Cassava Mite, Tetranychus truncatus Ehara (Acari: Tetranychidae)
No full textThe duration of developmental stages of Tetranychus truncatus Ehara was studied at four different temperature regimes (20, 25, 30 and 35˚C) on excised mulberry leaves. Longevity and fecundity of fe-male and sex ratio were also observed at 30˚C. Mites completed their development within this tem-perature range. T. truncatus eggs hatched to larvae in the shortest duration of 2.38 ± 0.06 days at 35˚C and the longest duration of 7.65 ± 0.05 days at 20˚C. Development time for completion of the life cycle de-creased significantly with increasing temperature. The longest (16.93 ± 0.11 days) and the shortest (5.34 ± 0.11 days) life cycle were observed at 20˚C and 35˚C respectively. The highest immature mortality was 13.94% at 35˚C followed by 10.35% at 20˚C. A female mite laid 55.07 eggs during its oviposition period of 10.93± 0.29 days at 30˚C. The oviposition rate was 5.13± 0.24 eggs/female/day at 30˚C. The sex ratio of T. truncatus at 30˚C was 1 : 3.12 (male: female)
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