1,721,177 research outputs found
CEUS: where are we in 2015?
No full textContrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), performed with the intravenous injection of microbubble contrast agents, has expanded the horizon for ultrasound imaging by providing a technique with superb sensitivity to arterial phase enhancement in dynamic realtime. For the first time, demonstration of blood flow at the microcirculatory or perfusion level is possible on ultrasound. Further, the purely intravascular microbubbles allow ultrasound to be used to monitor changes in the blood flow to tumors and in inflammatory sites. Its safe performance without any requirement for ionizing radiation and with no nephrotoxicity makes it a compelling choice in many clinical arenas and certainly for children. Here, we describe the wide and growing uses of CEUS in abdominal imaging
Global subterranean estuaries modify groundwater nutrient loading to the ocean
No full textStephanie J. Wilson ... et al.-- 12 pages, 4 figures, 1 tableTerrestrial groundwater travels through subterranean estuaries before reaching the sea. Groundwater-derived nutrients drive coastal water quality, primary production, and eutrophication. We determined how dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP), and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) are transformed within subterranean estuaries and estimated submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) nutrient loads compiling > 10,000 groundwater samples from 216 sites worldwide. Nutrients exhibited complex, nonconservative behavior in subterranean estuaries. Fresh groundwater DIN and DIP are usually produced, and DON is consumed during transport. Median total SGD (saline and fresh) fluxes globally were 5.4, 2.6, and 0.18 Tmol yr−1 for DIN, DON, and DIP, respectively. Despite large natural variability, total SGD fluxes likely exceed global riverine nutrient export. Fresh SGD is a small source of new nutrients, but saline SGD is an important source of mostly recycled nutrients. Nutrients exported via SGD via subterranean estuaries are critical to coastal biogeochemistry and a significant nutrient source to the oceansThe data compilation and some of the analysis was initiated with funding from the Australian Research Council (FT170100327) and completed with funding from Sweden's Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (2022.0096). SJW and AM were funded by a US National Science Foundation and Association for Limnology and Oceanography LOREX fellowship to work in Sweden (IRES 1831075). Field and laboratory investigations to obtain the multiple datasets were funded by the US National Science Foundation (1658135 and 1737258), the Australian Research Council (DE140101733, DP120101645), the Swedish Research Council (2020-00457), the Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Rio de Janeiro and an Institutional Grant to the Texas General Land Office, Coastal Management Program pursuant to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (No. NA15NOS419012), and the Texas A&M University—Corpus Christi, Center for Water Supply StudiesPeer reviewe
Global coastal groundwater and subterranean estuary nutrients
No full textStephanie J. Wilson ... et al.-- 1 fileThese data were compiled from original and published datasets of coastal groundwater / subterranean estuary research efforts along global coastline (sites within 1km of shoreline). The dataset includes sampling site names, locations, original sample information, sample depth, temperature, salinity, dissolved nitrogen concentrations, and dissolved phosphorus concentrations. The data source or curator is also included in the datasetAustralian Research Council (ARC), grant/award no. DE140101733, DP120101645, FT170100327; Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, grant/award no. 2022.0096; National Science Foundation (NSF), grant/award no. 1658135, 1737258; Swedish Research Council (VR), grant/award no. 2020-00457Peer reviewe
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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