1,721,596 research outputs found
Documenting practices for reference to place in Kula
No full textThis paper reports on ongoing research on practices for referring to space and place in Kula, an endangered language spoken in eastern Alor, Indonesia. This research is part of a larger project documenting Kula language use and social interaction. This research differs from much previous work on reference to space (e.g. Senft 1997, Levinson 2006) in its focus on practices for achieving reference to places in social interaction (e.g. conversation). Previous studies of reference to place/space have focused more on cross- linguistic differences in the categorization of space and implications for theories of cognition and debates regarding the relationship between language and thought. Analysis of actual use of spatial language and other practices (e.g. pointing) for referring to places in everyday social interaction is important both for furthering our understanding of “grammars of space” and for expanding our knowledge of how reference is achieved in conversation. While studies of the “grammar of space” (Levinson 2006) have lacked attention to interaction and natural language use, studies of reference in conversation are also focused primarily on the domain of person reference (e.g. Enfield & Stivers 2007, Schegloff 1996, etc.).
This paper discusses initial attempts by the author, working closely with local Kula team members, to document spatial language, place names, pointing practices and other ways of referring to places in the Kula community. We have video recorded a variety of speech genres and communicative events to investigate this domain including historical narratives about particular places, route descriptions, and group discussions of current place names. We have also elicited material using well known stimulus materials for the elicitation of spatial parts of the grammar (e.g., topological relations, deictic motion verbs). We will report initial findings from these documentary activities and compare the results with findings regarding options for place reference in other languages (e.g. English, Schegloff 1972) and reference in other domains (e.g. person reference, Schegloff 1996).
Some initial findings suggest the highly frequent use of place names (rather than landmarks, for instance), possibly typical for a small community in which all local place names are common knowledge. Also, two kinds of absolute spatial reckoning are used, one based on a local, village-level, uphill-downhill axis, the other based on larger scale seawards-landwards and sunrise-sunset axes. Furthermore, various types of pointing are used in different contexts, including not only index finger pointing, but also facial pointing (nose, lips, eyes)
Antibiotic Removal From Waste Streams Via Electrochemical Methods
No full textFaculty advisers: Bo Hu, Hongjian LinThis research was supported by the Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program (UROP).Williams, Nicholas. (2015). Antibiotic Removal From Waste Streams Via Electrochemical Methods. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/169504
Nouveaux document bactriens du Guzgan (note d'information)
No full textSims-Williams Nicholas. Nouveaux document bactriens du Guzgan (note d'information). In: Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, 146ᵉ année, N. 3, 2002. pp. 1047-1058
Nouveaux documents sur l'histoire et la langue de la Bactriane
No full textSims-Williams Nicholas. Nouveaux documents sur l'histoire et la langue de la Bactriane. In: Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, 140ᵉ année, N. 2, 1996. pp. 633-654
Indo-Iranian Languages and Peoples
No full textThe recent developments in our understanding of the history of the Indo-Iranian languages and their speakers are surveyed and assessed in this book by a group of linguists and archaeologists. In the last few years, the materials available for the study of the older Indo-Iranian languages have increased dramatically: there have been discoveries of birch-bark scrolls bearing Buddhist texts in the Gandhari language of north-west India, and of leather documents in Bactrian, the ancient language of northern Afghanistan. Previously known data has been exploited in new ways using innovative techniques for compiling, manipulating, and disseminating electronic text and digital images. And archaeological finds in India, Pakistan, and Central Asia, including the ‘Bactria-Margiana Archaeological Complex’, have given rise to new hypotheses concerning the history and pre-history of the Indo-Iranian peoples. The volume also pays tribute to the pioneering work of the philologist Sir Harold Bailey (1899–1996)
Ancient Afghanistan and its invaders: Linguistic evidence from the Bactrian documents and inscriptions
No full textDuring the last ten years the corpus of Bactrian texts has increased dramatically. The dates of the Bactrian documents range from 342 to 781 a.d., a span of more than four centuries extending through the Kushano-Sasanian, Kidarite, Hephthalite, and Turkish periods, well into Islamic times. Apart from a few unidentifiable fragments and texts of uncertain type, the new Bactrian documents may be divided into four groups: (i) legal documents such as contracts and receipts; (ii) lists and accounts; (iii) letters; and (iv) Buddhist texts. As a result of these new finds, the corpus of Bactrian available for study is now much larger-perhaps as much as a hundred times larger—than it was ten years ago. Our knowledge of the Bactrian lexicon has increased correspondingly, perhaps by three or four times. This chapter examines this enlarged Bactrian vocabulary for linguistic data in the form of names and titles, loanwords and calques, in which one may hope to identify traces of the languages of the many peoples who held sway in Bactria during the course of its long and turbulent history
Corpus inscriptionum Iranicarum. Part 2, Inscriptions of the Seleucid and Parthian periods and the Eastern Iran and Central Asia. Vol. 2, Parthian economic documents from Nisa, Texts I,
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