244 research outputs found
Women's Experience of Depressive Symptoms While Working From Home During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence From an International Web Survey
Get PDFThe COVID-19 pandemic led to significant changes in workplace practices as social distancing requirements meant that people were asked to work from home where possible to avoid unnecessary contact. Concerns have been raised about the effects of the pandemic on mental health and, in particular, the effects of social distancing on employed women's mental health. In this study, we explore the experiences of working women during the initial stages of the COVID-19 pandemic and explore the factors that may be associated with women experiencing the symptoms of depression. Findings from a cross-sectional survey of European working women (across five countries: France, Italy, Poland, Sweden, and the UK) conducted between March and July 2020 are reported. The data are analyzed using linear regression and mediation analysis. For women, working from home was associated with higher prevalence of the symptoms of depression compared to traveling to a workplace. The study also considers the mechanisms that may explain a relationship between working from home and depressive symptoms. Maintaining contact with people face-to-face and participating in exercise were both significant protective factors against experiencing symptoms of depression during a period of social distancing
Supplemental Material, sj-docx-1-ptd-10.1177_08968608241232200 - Centre variation in home dialysis uptake: A survey of kidney centre practice in relation to home dialysis organisation and delivery in England
No full textSupplemental Material, sj-docx-1-ptd-10.1177_08968608241232200 for Centre variation in home dialysis uptake: A survey of kidney centre practice in relation to home dialysis organisation and delivery in England by Sarah Damery, Mark Lambie, Iestyn Williams, David Coyle, James Fotheringham, Ivonne Solis-Trapala, Kerry Allen, Jessica Potts, Lisa Dikomitis and Simon J Davies in Peritoneal Dialysis International</p
Supplemental Material, sj-docx-2-ptd-10.1177_08968608241232200 - Centre variation in home dialysis uptake: A survey of kidney centre practice in relation to home dialysis organisation and delivery in England
No full textSupplemental Material, sj-docx-2-ptd-10.1177_08968608241232200 for Centre variation in home dialysis uptake: A survey of kidney centre practice in relation to home dialysis organisation and delivery in England by Sarah Damery, Mark Lambie, Iestyn Williams, David Coyle, James Fotheringham, Ivonne Solis-Trapala, Kerry Allen, Jessica Potts, Lisa Dikomitis and Simon J Davies in Peritoneal Dialysis International</p
De-implementation
No full text“De-implementation” refers to processes for the deliberate removal, reduction, restriction, and replacement of established interventions, programs, and services. It is increasingly recognized as a requirement of evidence-based healthcare. In some ways, de-implementation is simply the reverse of implementation, and therefore, much of what we know about implementation science can simply be applied “in reverse”. However, de-implementation is also different in some crucial respects. The evidence to support removal of an established practice is often limited, and this adds to the wider challenges of convincing patients and other affected parties of the necessity and benefits of the proposed change. De-implementation is, therefore, more likely to experience resistance than other change processes
Organizational readiness for innovation in health care: some lessons from the recent literature.
No full textThere is no single intervention that will trigger or ensure innovation in health care, as the interaction between the innovation and the context of its introduction is necessarily complex and variable. Although academic attention has recently turned to the role of organizations in promoting and embedding innovation, this literature remains light on prescription, and tends to ignore the issue of substitution and disengagement. Innovation needs to be adapted as well as adopted into organizational contexts and receptive climates for innovation can only be developed incrementally over time. This paper identifies recommendations for increasing the readiness of health-care organizations for innovation. Key organizational strategies for embedding innovation include: development of incentives; sophisticated knowledge management; interfunctional and interorganizational coordination and collaboration; and development of an innovation infrastructure. More attention is required to substitution and disengagement of interventions and practices (exnovation) in the current economic climate
Receptive rationing:reflections and suggestions for priority setters in health care
No full textPurpose– The purpose of this paper is to take forward consideration of context in health care priority setting and to offer some practical strategies for priority setters to increase receptiveness to their work.Design/methodology/approach– A number of tools and methods have been devised with the aim of making health care priority setting more robust and evidence based. However, in order to routinely take and implement priority setting decisions, decision makers require the support, or at least the acquiescence, of key external parties. In other words, the priority setting process requires a receptive context if it is to proceed unhindered.Findings– The priority setting process requires a receptive context if it is to proceed unhindered.Originality/value– This paper develops the concept of legitimacy in the “authorising environment” in priority setting and describes strategies which might help decision makers to create a receptive context, and to manage relationships with external stakeholders
Investment specificity, vertical integration and market foreclosure
Get PDFIn this paper we consider the impact of vertical integration on a retailer's choices of product variety and specific, brand-supporting investment. In an incomplete contract environment, vertical merger encourages investment in integrated supply, and foreclosure of non-integrated manufacturers. Anti-competitive as opposed to efficiency interpretations depend delicately on a trade-off between the benefits of supplier-specific rather than generally applicable retailer investment, and the value of multi-product rather than single product retailing. Where retailers compete, it is shown that vertical integration implements competition reducing, product differentiating investment strategies.incomplete contracts,vertical integration,monopolization
Understanding the limited impact of economic evaluation in healthcare resource allocation: a conceptual framework
No full textConcern has increasingly been expressed at the low level of impact that economic evaluations have on the priority setting decisions they are designed to inform. The concern to maximise the impact of economic evaluation in health care is reminiscent of research utilisation debates rehearsed in the various policy studies disciplines. This paper draws on selected themes and frameworks from this literature in order to explore issues and map out an agenda relating to the uptake and use of cost effectiveness analysis in health policy decisions. The authors consider the implications for health economics, and other policy-related research and evaluation, of adopting either a rational or interactive model of research utilisation. Economic evaluations can be normative or descriptive decision tools. The choice of approach will reflect the assumed model of research utilisation and has implications for overcoming barriers to impact on policy. There is an underlying conceptual link between the rational model of research utilisation, the normative approach to economic evaluation and a focus on barriers to the accessibility of published analyses. In contrast, acknowledgement of an interactive and incremental policy process predisposes the analyst to a more descriptive approach and suggests the importance of broader systems, process and ethical barriers to the use of economic evaluation. We address the crucial issue of the importance of establishing objectives and discuss how this issue effects how those seeking to influence policy should proceed. Finally, we discuss indirect or 'enlightenment' models of research utilisation and the implications of these for the community of health economists. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved
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