1,721,643 research outputs found
Jurisdiction over seafarers
No full textHasan v Shell International Shipping Services (Pte) Ltd and Others [2014] UK EAT/0242/13/SM, Employment Appeal TribunalEmployment – Seafarer employed on ship registered abroad – Whether jurisdiction to hear unfair dismissal, discrimination and breach of contract claim
Secretion and activation of TGF-B1 by hepatic stellate cells and its contribution to liver fibrosis
No full textThe secretion and activation of TGF-β1 in the conditioned media (CM) of cultured HSC was examined using a variety of ELISA based techniques. The effects of inhibiting TGF-β1 with an isoform specific neutralising antibody, both in vitro and in vivo model of fibrosis, were investigated and compared with the effects of a pan TGF-β1 neutralising antibody. CTGF and mRNA and protein expression was examined in fibrotic human and rat liver and in activated HSC, using a variety of techniques. The effects of relaxin on cultured HSC and in and in vivo model of hepatic fibrosis were examined. It was demonstrated that cultured HSC secrete and activate TGF-β1 without accessory cells. The addition of exogenous plasmin or plasminogen increased the amount of both active and latent TGF-β1 in the CM, this being inhibited by the serine protease inhibitors aprotonin, α2-antiplasmin and –(2-amino-ethyl) benzenesulfonyl fluoride. Furthermore, the addition of the uPA inhibitor amiloride also reduced active and total TGF-β1 levels. CTGF is a profibrotic cytokine which is a TGF-β1 inducible product, potentially contributing to the profibrotic effects of TGF-β1. I demonstrated that CTGF expression increases in human fibrotic liver disease and in activated HSC. I also showed that CTGF mRNA and protein expression in activated HSC were stimulated by TGF-β1. However, in an in vivo model, inhibiting TGF-β1 activity with a neutralising antibody did not reduce hepatic fibrosis. In cultured HSC, blocking all TGF-β1 isoforms led to a greater reduction in collagen secretion than inhibiting TGF-β1 alone. Furthermore, I demonstrated that HSC secreted TGF-β3 and that this isoform may have similar effects to TGF-β1. Exposure of HSC to recombinant relaxin resulted in a concentration dependent decrease in both collagen synthesis and deposition, with a parallel decrease in TIMP-1 and -2 secretion and TIMP-1 mRNA expression. Following liver injury, relaxin treated rats had decreased hepatic collagen, indicating that relaxin has antifibrotic effects. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that although HSC produce and activate TGF-β1 autonomously through a plasmin-dependent mechanism, other isoforms of TGF-β may contribute to fibrogenesis in the liver.</p
Statutory accountability in safeguarding children: the Shoesmith scenario
No full textAccountability; Child protection; Local Authority Child Services; Unfair Dismissa
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Internet Governance in Australia: Modelling Self-Regulatory Structures in the Domain Name System
No full textAppropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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