1,720,978 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
A Review of Mental Health Care in Canada: Towards a System-Wide Change in Perception and Treatment
No full textMajor Research Paper (Master's), Critical Disability Studies, School of Health Policy and Management,Faculty of Health, York UniversityThe main purpose of this critical research paper was to reflect on a few major issues that exist within the treatment of individuals within the mental health system in Canada today, and to provide recommendations for future research, policy and community development. The main themes that were generated during the literature review included issues related to diagnostic inflation, over-medicalization, the importance of good nutrition, socio-economic status and income inequality, and food insecurity. Through an exhaustive review and critical analysis of the literature using the feminist based standpoint theory, it was determined that mental health diagnosis is on the rise in Canada, and reliance upon the medical model as the primary treatment approach is also increasing. The concerns associated with this increase are exposed in the paper. The paper will discuss the importance of changing the focus to complementary and alternative treatment approaches to treating mental health, such as with nutrition, and the predicted outcome of this change. It was also determined that in order for such a change to occur, there would need to be a shift in the cultural perception of disability and mental health. As such, community providers may consider utilizing a critical approach in their practice and delivery of service, called critical community practice, derived from the field of social work and disability studies
A Comparative Analysis Of Mental Health Reform: Canada, The United Kingdom, And Australia
No full textThis dissertation explores the trajectories of mental health reform in Canada, the United Kingdom, and Australia, examining how each state’s political and institutional contexts within universal healthcare systems have influenced these trajectories. Despite being parliamentary democracies, these states exhibit significant variations in mental health governance due to differences in government control and levels of privatization. Using a historical institutionalism framework, the research examines how state-based institutional configurations impact the use and outcomes of mental health policy levers. The research investigates the relationship between healthcare governance and government structure, financing and service system designs, and professional regulation and payment.
Drawing insights from Postpsychiatry and Mad activism, the research employs archival documentary analysis, policy analysis, and feedback from community service agencies to assess the effectiveness and reach of mental health reforms. It highlights the need for a moral transformation in global mental health, advocating for person-centered, recovery-oriented care that respects and integrates the social and structural determinants shaping health. The dissertation’s comparative analysis reveals the strategic use of policy levers and their impact on mental health policy trajectories and outcomes. Part One examines historical opportunities for change and identifies key policy levers. Part Two discusses the use of policy levers and mental health policy trajectories and outcomes. Part Three compares the use of policy levers across the states to highlight differences in the scale and pace of reforms. The analysis highlights a difference in the scale and pace of mental health policy reforms, with Australia and the UK implementing larger scale and faster paced changes compared to Canada’s more conservative approach. These differences are shaped by the state’s institutional frameworks and historical legacies that influence how mental healthcare is governed, financed, and delivered.
The research highlights the imperative to shift from traditional biomedical models to more inclusive, human rights-focused mental health practices. This research improves understanding of the dynamic interplay between policy levers and mental health reforms in varied institutional contexts. It emphasizes that future policies be co-produced with policy communities, prioritizing community-based care and moving beyond traditional biomedical approaches to address broader social determinants of mental health. The research adds to the literature by offering an examination of the intersections between mental health policy, social justice, and institutional change
The State and Community: Issues in Mental Health Reform in Ontario
No full textMajor Research Paper (Master's), Health, Faculty of Health, School of Health Policy and Management, York UniversityMental health reform in Canada is imperative. Evidence shows that nearly half of Canadians with mental health and addiction problems are unable to access the care they require. Inequities to mental health and addictions care have been created by the passive privatization of critical mental health and addiction supports and services, not protected under the Canada Health Act, such as psychological services. The two-tiered system of care fosters inequities, as individuals of lower income, often with poorer social determinants of health, are denied access. The public and personal costs associated with umnet mental health and addiction needs are too significant to ignore. Mental health and addictions cost the Canadian economy $51 billion annually, and rates of suicide and homelessness amongst individuals unable to secure access to care are high. Decades of policy reports have endorsed investing in community mental health to provide a comprehensive continuum of services for individuals with mental health and addiction problems. Despite an increase in mental health funding, investments in the community have not been prioritized. This paper explores transformations in forms of governance of the liberal state and the impact on mental health reform. Using Ontario as a case study, the paper employs the Power Resource Theory guided by Quality of Government to examine the neoliberal influence on welfare state retrenchment, in order to expose the delay in mental health reform and resulting inequities to care
HPV Vaccine Access and Cervical Cancer Policymaking Process: A Comparative Governmental Priority Setting Study of Ghana, Rwanda, and Canada
No full textCervical cancer is a global health issue that claims over 600,000 lives yearly. While high-income countries (HICs) record lower incidence rates of cervical cancer, the opposite is true for underserved regions, such as sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where a significant burden of global cervical cancer cases are reported. Over 70% of all cervical cancer is caused by high-risk (strain 16 and 18) human papillomavirus (HPV). Currently, prophylactic vaccines, Gardasil® and Gardasil9®, manufactured by Merck; Cervarix®, manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline (GSK); and Cecolin® manufactured by Xiamen Innovax Biotech Co, prevent HPV-related cervical cancer. However, most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) national immunization programs do not include these vaccines. The thesis explores governmental priority settings and the policymaking imperatives for nationwide HPV vaccination in Canada, Rwanda, and Ghana. Ghana, a LMIC, has a cancer policy that covers cervical cancer; however, it lacks a specific policy governing the prevention and control of the disease. Rwanda (also a LMIC), on the other hand, was the first country in sub-Saharan Africa to implement a nationwide HPV vaccine program that aims to reduce and eventually eliminate cervical cancer case incidence and mortality. Canada, one of the first Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) nations to implement province-wide HPV vaccination programs, provides instructive health policymaking propositions. Primary and secondary data were collected to develop country-specific case studies on the imperatives for the HPV vaccination program/policy in each country. A comparative analysis supports understanding the similarities and dissimilarities in policymaking and the environment within which the HPV vaccine and cervical cancer program were planned, formulated, and organized for implementation as a health intervention instrument. The results show different policy convergence and divergence nodes among the countries studied as governments look for solutions to public problems. Because governments have myriad competing public problems to address, selectively solving some problems and leaving others may depend on priorities and available resources. Prioritizing and deciding to act by implementing public HPV vaccination programs in HICs, such as Canada, and LMICs, such as Rwanda, and not acting due to resource constraints reveals that governments can leverage creative approaches to act on a public problem successfully with or without plentiful resources
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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