101,673 research outputs found
Letter from Joseph Wicks to Senator Langer Regarding Standing Rock Reservation, April 3, 1950
No full textThis letter dated April 3, 1950, from Joseph Wicks to United States (US) Senator William Langer refers to an enclosed bill from Henry T---- [illegible] of Fort Yates, North Dakota, which, in reference to the members of the Standing Rock Reservation, Wicks writes, “I have seen this Before as the Indians have a lot of copies of this Bill [sic].” Wicks continues, “The Indians here will Be a Lot easier to Deal with than the Berthold Indians Were [sic]. These people want there money for the Land taken, and Not to Be turned over to the Indian office [sic]. Wicks concludes with the promised to keep Langer informed as to what the people want.
The bill mentioned as being enclosed was not found with this letter in Langer\u27s papers.
The letter includes the handwritten annotation of the word “clear.”https://commons.und.edu/langer-papers/1682/thumbnail.jp
Study of efflorescence produced on ceramic wicks by masonry mortars
No full textCeramic wicks (Efflorwicks) were partly embedded in cyclinders of masonry mortars of various compositions, and the hardened mortars were alternately wetted and dried, which produced various amounts of efflorescence on the wicks. Portland cement in mortars contributed significantly to efflorescence. The alkaline material of the cementing substance of the mortars appeared to be an important source of the efflorescence.Des \ue9l\ue9ments de c\ue9ramique (Efflorwicks) ont \ue9t\ue9 partiellement noy\ue9s dans des cylindres en mortier de maconnerie de diff\ue9rentes compositions. Les mortiers durcis ont \ue9t\ue9 alternativement tremp\ue9s et s\ue9ch\ue9s pour produire une efflorescence plus ou moins importante sur les c\ue9ramiques. Le ciment Portland des mortiers a contribu\ue9 nettement \ue0 l' efflorescence. Le mat\ue9riau alcalin de la p\ue2te de ciment du mortier semble \ueatre une source importante de l'efflorescence.Peer reviewed: NoNRC publication: Ye
Letter, [Author unclear] to Paulina T. Merritt
No full textHandwritten letter to Paulina Merritt from an unknown author, October 1, 1876.
Design of Integrated Nanostructured Wicks for High-Performance Vapor Chambers
No full textThe performance of passive phase-change cooling devices, such as vapor chambers or heat pipes, may be significantly enhanced by exploiting the superior thermal properties of carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays. The potential for large reductions in overall package resistance with the use of high-conductivity wick materials enhanced with CNT nanostructures is investigated. While such nanostructured wicks feature very small pore sizes that support high capillary pressures, it is shown that the high fluid flow resistance through these dense arrays prevents their use as the lone fluid transport mechanism. It is proposed that evaporator surfaces comprised of nanostructured wicks fed by interspersed conventional wick materials (such as sintered powders) can provide the required permeability for fluid flow while simultaneously decreasing the effective evaporator thermal resistance. Optimization of wicks with integrated sintered and nanostructured areas requires a study of the trade-offs between the greater permeability of the sintered materials and the greater capillary pressure and thin-film evaporation area offered by the nanostructures. A numerical model is developed to estimate the thermal resistance of the evaporator region compared to that of a homogeneous sintered powder wick. The inputs needed for this model include the permeability and the capillary pressure in the two regions. A parametric study is conducted as a function of the ratio of conduction and evaporative resistances for the nanostructured and sintered regions. For a given heat input, the optimal liquid-feeding geometry that minimizes thermal resistance is obtained. In the best cases, the thermal resistance is reduced by a factor of thirteen through the use of the integrated nanostructured wicks compared to the resistance of a homogeneous sintered powder wick
Airway remodeling in asthma: new insights
No full textAsthma is increasing in prevalence worldwide as a result of factors associated with a Western lifestyle. The prevalence and chronic nature of the disease represent significant economic burdens. Despite advances in understanding the inflammatory and immunologic components of asthma, there is relatively little understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the structural changes seen in the asthmatic lung (airway remodeling). These changes include hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle, transformation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts, and deposition of subepithelial collagen. Airway remodeling is linked to bronchial hyperresponsiveness to diverse triggers and a steeper trajectory of long-term decrease in lung function in asthmatic patients. Until recently, these remodeling changes have been considered to be secondary phenomena, developing late in the disease process as a consequence of persistent inflammation. We discuss an alternative view of asthma pathogenesis by emphasizing the importance of the airway microenvironment (the epithelial mesenchymal trophic unit) in the origins of the disease. Our proposals are supported by the recent identification of ADAM33 as an asthma susceptibility gene, the expression of which is abundant in airway fibroblasts and smooth muscle but absent from T lymphocytes or inflammatory cells that infiltrate the airway wall in patients with asthma
Demonstration of knowledge-aided space-time adaptive processing using measured airborne data
No full textThe design and analysis of a knowledge-aided detector for airborne space-time adaptive processing (STAP) applications are addressed. The proposed processor is composed of a training data selector, which chooses secondary cells best representing the clutter statistics in the cell under test, and an adaptive processor for detection processing. The data selector is a hybrid algorithm, which pre-screens training data through the use of terrain information from the United States Geological Survey. Then, in the second stage, a data-driven selector attempts to eliminate residual non-homogeneities. The performance of this new approach is analysed using measured airborne radar data, obtained from the multi-channel airborne radar measurements program, and is compared with alternative STAP detectors proposed in the open literature
Interactions between Eutypa lata and Trichoderma harzianum
No full textMetabolites produced by three strains of Trichoderma harzianum reduced growth of Eutypa lata in vitro. Volatile metabolites produced by T. harzianum were fungistatic towards both isolates of E. lata tested. Growth of some isolates of E. lata was inhibited completely by non-volatile metabolites. Infection by E. lata was reduced in autoclaved grapevine cane segments co-inoculated with spores of T. harzianum and E. lata. Scanning electron microscopic examination of gamma-irradiated cane segments and living cuttings inoculated with T. harzianum and E. lata suggested that antagonism in grapevine wood was mainly by antibiosis. Both the pathogen and the antagonist grew in the xylem vessels and pith parenchyma cells of the wood.Sharmini John, Eileen S. Scott, Trevor J. Wicks and John S. Hun
Handwritten biographical information on Paulina T. McClung Merritt
No full textA handwritten biography of Paulina T. McClung Merritt by an unknown author, 1892.
Heterogeneous and tissue-specific regulation of effector T cell responses by IFN-gamma during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection.
No full textIFN-γ and T cells are both required for the development of experimental cerebral malaria during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection. Surprisingly, however, the role of IFN-γ in shaping the effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell response during this infection has not been examined in detail. To address this, we have compared the effector T cell responses in wild-type and IFN-γ(-/-) mice during P. berghei ANKA infection. The expansion of splenic CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells during P. berghei ANKA infection was unaffected by the absence of IFN-γ, but the contraction phase of the T cell response was significantly attenuated. Splenic T cell activation and effector function were essentially normal in IFN-γ(-/-) mice; however, the migration to, and accumulation of, effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the lung, liver, and brain was altered in IFN-γ(-/-) mice. Interestingly, activation and accumulation of T cells in various nonlymphoid organs was differently affected by lack of IFN-γ, suggesting that IFN-γ influences T cell effector function to varying levels in different anatomical locations. Importantly, control of splenic T cell numbers during P. berghei ANKA infection depended on active IFN-γ-dependent environmental signals--leading to T cell apoptosis--rather than upon intrinsic alterations in T cell programming. To our knowledge, this is the first study to fully investigate the role of IFN-γ in modulating T cell function during P. berghei ANKA infection and reveals that IFN-γ is required for efficient contraction of the pool of activated T cells
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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