45 research outputs found
sj-docx-1-aph-10.1177_10105395231151730 – Supplemental material for The Long-Term Consequences of Early Life Exposure to Tsunami and Conflict on Adolescents in Sri Lanka
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-aph-10.1177_10105395231151730 for The Long-Term Consequences of Early Life Exposure to Tsunami and Conflict on Adolescents in Sri Lanka by Delan Devakumar, Laura Busert, Manoji Gitanjali Sathiadas, Pushpika Jayawardana, Angela Arulpragasam, Clive Osmond, Caroline H. D. Fall, Jonathan C. K. Wells and V. Pujitha Wickramasinghe in Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health</p
Supplementary_File_2-17th_July – Supplemental material for Assessment of Nutritional Status in Sri Lankan Children: Validity of Current Anthropometry Cutoffs?
No full textSupplemental material, Supplementary_File_2-17th_July for Assessment of Nutritional Status in Sri Lankan Children: Validity of Current Anthropometry Cutoffs? by Loretta S. Warnakulasuriya, Manel A. M. Fernando, A. V. Nihal Adikaram, A. R. M. Thawfeek, W. M. L. Anurasiri, R. Elisabet, Peter Bergsten, K. D. Renuka Ruchira Silva, Dulani L. Samaranayake and Vithanage Pujitha Wickramasinghe in Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health</p
Supplementary_file_1 – Supplemental material for Assessment of Nutritional Status in Sri Lankan Children: Validity of Current Anthropometry Cutoffs?
No full textSupplemental material, Supplementary_file_1 for Assessment of Nutritional Status in Sri Lankan Children: Validity of Current Anthropometry Cutoffs? by Loretta S. Warnakulasuriya, Manel A. M. Fernando, A. V. Nihal Adikaram, A. R. M. Thawfeek, W. M. L. Anurasiri, R. Elisabet, Peter Bergsten, K. D. Renuka Ruchira Silva, Dulani L. Samaranayake and Vithanage Pujitha Wickramasinghe in Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health</p
The long-term consequences of early life exposure to tsunami and conflict on adolescents in Sri Lanka
No full textThe consequences for adolescent health due to early life exposure to natural disasters combined with war are not known. We collected data from adolescents aged 12-13 years in Sri Lanka whose mothers were pregnant during the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004 in a tsunami-affected region (n = 22), conflict-affected region (n = 35), conflict-plus-tsunami-affected region (n = 29), or controls in areas unaffected by either (n = 24). Adjusted body mass index (BMI)-for-age z-scores were 1.3, 1.0 and 2.0 for conflict, tsunami, and conflict-plus-tsunami, respectively, compared with the control group. Greater skinfold thickness and higher diastolic blood pressure were found in adolescents born in the conflict zone but no differences were found in height, head circumference, and waist circumference, or blood results, with the exception of serum insulin. Being born after a natural disaster or during conflict was associated with increased BMI and body fat during adolescent, which are associated with longer-term risk of noncommunicable disease.</p
Anthropometric prediction models of body composition in 3 to 24month old infants: a multicenter international study
No full textBackground: accurate assessment of body composition during infancy is an important marker of early growth. This study aimed to develop anthropometric models to predict body composition in 3–24-month-old infants from diverse socioeconomic settings and ethnic groups.Methods: an observational, longitudinal, prospective, multi-country study of infants from 3 to 24 months with body composition assessed at three monthly intervals using deuterium dilution (DD) and anthropometry. Linear mixed modelling was utilized to generate sex-specific fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) prediction equations, using length(m), weight-for-length (kg/m), triceps and subscapular skinfolds and South Asian ethnicity as variables. The study sample consisted of 1896 (942 measurements from 310 girls) training data sets, 941 (441 measurements from 154 girls) validation data sets of 3–24 months from Brazil, Pakistan, South Africa and Sri Lanka. The external validation group (test) comprised 349 measurements from 250 (185 from 124 girls) infants 3–6 months of age from South Africa, Australia and India.Results: sex-specific equations for three age categories (3–9 months; 10–18 months; 19–24 months) were developed, validated on same population and externally validated. Root mean squared error (RMSE) was similar between training, validation and test data for assessment of FM and FFM in boys and in girls. RMSPE and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) were higher in validation compared to test data for predicting FM, however, in the assessment of FFM, both measures were lower in validation data. RMSE for test data from South Africa (M/F−0.46/0.45 kg) showed good agreement with validation data for assessment of FFM compared to Australia (M/F−0.51/0.33 kg) and India(M/F−0.77/0.80 kg).Conclusions: anthropometry-based FFM prediction equations provide acceptable results. Assessments based on equations developed on similar populations are more applicable than those developed from a different population
admitted to the Professorial Paediatric Unit at Lady
No full textObjective To study in detail deaths of patient
Body composition from birth to 2 years
No full textProviding all infants with the best start to life is a universal but challenging goal for the global community. Historically, the size and shape of infants, quantified by anthropometry and commencing with birthweight, has been the common yardstick for physical growth and development. Anthropometry has long been considered a proxy for nutritional status during infancy when, under ideal circumstances, changes in size and shape are most rapid. Developed from data collected in the Multicentre Growth Reference Study (MGRS), WHO Child Growth Standards for healthy infants and children have been widely accepted and progressively adopted. In contrast, and somewhat surprisingly, much less is understood about the ‘quality’ of growth as reflected by body composition during infancy. Recent advances in body composition assessment, including the more widespread use of air displacement plethysmography (ADP) across the first months of life, have contributed to a progressive increase in our knowledge and understanding of growth and development. Along with stable isotope approaches, most commonly the deuterium dilution (DD) technique, the criterion measure of total body water (TBW), our ability to quantify lean and fat tissue using a two-compartment model, has been greatly enhanced. However, until now, global reference charts for the body composition of healthy infants have been lacking. This paper details some of the historical challenges associated with the assessment of body composition across the first two years of life, and references the logical next steps in growth assessments, including reference charts
Development of a New Equation for the Prediction of Resting Metabolic Rate in Sri Lankan Adults
No full textResting metabolic rate (RMR) is the key determinant of the energy requirement of an individual. Measurement of RMR by indirect calorimetry is not feasible in field settings and therefore equation-based calculations are used. Since a valid equation is not available for Sri Lankans, it is important to develop a new population-specific equation for field use. The study objective was to develop a new equation for the prediction of RMR in healthy Sri Lankans using a reference method, indirect calorimetry. RMR data were collected from fifty-seven (male 27) adults aged 19 to 60 years. They were randomly assigned to validation (n = 28) and cross-validation (n = 19) groups using the statistical package R (version 3.6.3). Height, weight, and RMR were measured. Multivariable fractional polynomials (MFP) were used to determine explanatory variables and their functional forms for the model. A variable shrinkage method was used to find the best fit predictor coefficients of the equation. The developed equation was cross-validated on an independent group. Weight and sex code (male = 1; female = 0) were identified as reliable independent variables. The new equation developed was RMR (kcal/day) = 284.5 + (13.2 x weight) + (133.0 x sex code). Independent variables of the prediction equation were able to predict 88.5% of the variance. Root mean square error (RMSE) of the prediction equation in validation and cross-validation was 88.11 kcal/day and 79.03 kcal/day, respectively. The equation developed in this study is suitable for predicting RMR in Sri Lankan adults
Narrative styles adopted by mothers when telling a known story to their preschool-aged children: A qualitative study from Sri Lanka
No full textStorytelling plays an important role in children’s overall development and wellbeing. Using stories to assess language allows for the simultaneous evaluation of both receptive and expressive language skills, which are essential for identifying developmental language delays and informing suitable educational or therapeutic support. Without age-appropriate narrative skill, children would struggle to achieve desired communication as well as academic goals. Cultural and language differences in narrative styles are also linked to children’s literacy. Since children learn from the immediate environment, maternal storytelling practices strongly influence children’s language and socioemotional development. We explore the narrative styles employed by Sri Lankan mothers when telling a known story to their preschool aged children. Twenty mother-child dyads were video-recorded when mothers told the story of the hare and the tortoise to preschool aged children, using a wordless picture sequence. Observational notes were taken focusing on the different strategies used by mothers to facilitate the child’s development through storytelling. All videos were transcribed verbatim and was reviewed multiple times. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to acknowledge the researcher’s influence on data interpretation. Three key themes emerged: inferring the shared familiarity of the story, engaging the children as co-narrators, and moral framing through storytelling. The findings reflect how mothers, as primary caregivers, use different narrative styles to effectively involve children, support their language and transfer moral values in storytelling. This could inform the design of culturally relevant narrative assessments and parent-training programmes to stimulate children’s language development
