1,720,958 research outputs found
Rhetoric, Ethics, and Health Identities in the FDA's Drug Approval Process
No full textThis dissertation examines how health identities are rhetorically constructed and discursively taken up in the FDA’s new drug application (NDA) documents. The project specifically focuses on approval processes related to three HIV intervention medications (i.e., Retrovir, Combivir, and Stribild) and four FDA NDA documents (i.e., medical officer’s review, memo, drug approval letter, and drug labeling document). Informed by scholarship in rhetorics of health and medicine, rhetorical genre studies, and ethics of care, I conducted a qualitative analysis to examine how health identities get instantiated through discursive labels and categories, how the FDA functions as gatekeepers in the regulatory process, and how tensions in caring manifests in clinical trial research practices. Findings from this study show how NDA texts shape drug safety and efficacy decision-making practices; the analysis reveals, further, that FDA reviewers and drug sponsor researchers deploy language that stereotypes and stigmatizes individuals living with HIV who are in need of HIV medication. Ultimately, in examining how individuals get ascribed into specific health status groups (e.g., healthy versus infected, high-risk patients versus healthy patients), this dissertation demonstrates how discourse practices in the NDA process reinforce and normalize identity constructs in public health policy and regulatory practices
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
After Culloden: Anglo-Scottish Identity in the Wake of the 1745 Jacobite Rising
No full textThis dissertation explores the literary representation and negotiation of Scottish identity and Anglo-Scottish Union during and immediately after the Jacobite Rising of 1745 (“the Forty-Five”). I argue that we can trace active attempts to renew a sense of Union through Anglo-Scottish cultural literary construction in the immediate aftermath of the Forty-Five. By examining and expanding upon the concept of “Scotophobia,” or anti-Scottish rhetoric and sentiment, I explore how Scottish and English writers addressed questions of national identity in the wake of the Forty-Five. This dissertation contributes to the scholarship of Anglo-Scottish Union and furthers studies of how eighteenth-century literature and media negotiate national identity in times of crisis. The Forty-Five, as a site of ideological crisis, presents a sharp contrast between English and Scottish national identities, but I intend to show how the selected texts function to redefine and renegotiate these distinct identities as part of a larger British national identity. My study begins in Chapter One with a deep examination and explication of race, prejudice, and Scotophobia in the eighteenth century, especially the links between Scotophobia and antisemitism. With Scotophobia as a lens, I then explore how the Scottish are represented during and immediately after the Forty-Five. I examine a variety of texts in a variety of genres, including poetry, periodicals, histories, plays, and novels. Chapter Two focuses on how Scottish identity is “framed” in the major monthly periodicals of the day—The Gentleman’s Magazine (1731-1907), The London Magazine (1732-85), and Scots Magazine (1739-1817). Chapter Three explores English writer Henry Fielding’s propagandistic political pamphlets of 1745 and 1747, his periodicals The True Patriot (1745-46) and The Jacobite’s Journal (1747-48), as well as his novel, Tom Jones (1749). Chapter Four examines Scottish author Tobias Smollett’s poem Tears of Scotland (1746) and his first novel Roderick Random (1748)
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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