1,720,967 research outputs found
Ubezpieczenia upraw rolnych z dotacją z budżetu państwa w latach 2008-2015
Full text linkThe aim of this article is to present the current law of compulsory insurance of crops in agriculture carried out with a subsidies from the state budget. In the paper also described essential changes introduced to the crop insurance law in period 2008-2015. It was found that crop insurance did not become widely widespread in Poland. The share of insured crops area increased from 24% in 2008 to 32% in 2015, although since 2008 crop insurance in Poland became compulsory at level of 50% of crop area. The main and still remain unsolved is the problem of insurance against drought. This type of insurance practically does not exist and is still awaited by farmers
Ocena wybranych aspektów jakości życia ludzi młodych po roku trwania pandemii COVID-19
No full textThe period of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic led to the emergence of concerns for health and life as well as unprecedented limitations in the functioning of society, which translated into the perception of the quality of life. Quality of life, according to the definition of the World Health Organization, is a subjective assessment by an individual of his or her life situation in relation to the culture in which this individual lives, their system of values, goals, expectations and interests. Among the components mentioned in the domain of “social functioning” there are objective indicators, such as: the number of social contacts, relating to work and earnings, and subjective ones, e.g. satisfaction with social relations and work.
The aim of the study is to assess the perception of the quality of life by young people after a year of the pandemic in three areas: health, material situation and employment, and social relations.
Research results indicate that young people subjectively felt the decline in quality of life during the pandemic, compared to other groups. This is due to both social isolation and the difficult situation on the labor market. The reason for the worse perception of the quality of life by young people was, first of all, the limitation of social contacts, but also the loss of a job, lower income and the fear of finding a job related to education in the future. About half of the respondents are very pessimistic about their future.Okres pandemii COVID-19 doprowadził do pojawienia się obawy o zdrowie i życie oraz bezprecedensowych ograniczeń funkcjonowania społeczeństwa, co przełożyło się na postrzeganie jakości życia. Jakość życia, według definicji Światowej Organizacji Zdrowia, to subiektywna ocena przez jednostkę jej sytuacji życiowej w odniesieniu do kultury, w której ta jednostka żyje, jej systemu wartości, celów, oczekiwań, zainteresowań. Wśród składowych wymienianych w domenie funkcjonowanie społeczne wyróżniane są wskaźniki obiektywne, takie jak: liczba kontaktów społecznych, odnoszące się do pracy i zarobków, oraz subiektywne, na przykład satysfakcja z relacji społecznych, pracy.
Celem opracowania jest ocena postrzegania jakości życia przez ludzi młodych po roku pandemii w trzech obszarach: zdrowia, sytuacji materialnej i zatrudnienia oraz relacji społecznych.
Wyniki badań wskazują, że najbardziej subiektywnie ograniczenia jakości życia w okresie pandemii odczuły osoby młode. Wynika to zarówno z izolacji społecznej, jak i z trudnej sytuacji na rynku pracy. Powodem gorszego postrzegania jakości życia przez ludzi młodych było przede wszystkim ograniczenie kontaktów społecznych, ale też utrata pracy, zmniejszenie dochodów oraz obawa o znalezienie odpowiedniej pracy w przyszłości. Około połowy respondentów pesymistycznie postrzega swoją przyszłość
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Ocena Zakładów Ubezpieczeniowych Przez Rolników – Wyniki Badań Własnych
Full text linkThe purpose of the article was to present the opinions of farmers on insurance companies in the three
voivodeships of mazowieckie, łódzkie and wielkopolskie. There were also presented selected factors that farmers
take into account when choosing an insurance company. It was found that the surveyed farmers purchased
insurance products primarily in PZU S.A. The majority of farmers represented by 60% of the researched
population purchased insurance products offered by PZU, regardless of insurance type. It has been shown that
the main factors determining the choice of a particular insurance company were among others: price, wellknown
brand, confidence in the insurance company, the experience gained in dealing with its representative
Wydatki gospodarstw domowych na ubezpieczenia związane z życiem i zdrowiem
Full text linkThe increasing wealth in society is accompanied by the growing demand for life and health insurance. In recent years, there has been a rising interest in insurance products offering consumers access to private healthcare facilities, which ensure shorter waiting times for an appointment with a specialist than in public facilities, as well as quick diagnosis and high quality of services. The aim of the study was to determine the level of health and life insurance expenditure in different household types. Their position in the overall household expenditure structure and in the expenditure on consumer goods and services has also been determined. In 2015–2019 the number of consumers purchasing health policies, both individual and institutional, has more than doubled and their spending on health insurance was 84% higher in 2019 than in 2015. The largest amount for the purchase of life and health insurance was allocated in the households consisting of white-collar workers (more than 131 PLN per person yearly), while the lowest in farmer households (more than 30 PLN per person yearly).Wraz ze wzrostem zamożności społeczeństwa wzrasta popyt na ubezpieczenia związane z życiem i zdrowiem. W ostatnich latach obserwuje się coraz większe zainteresowanie produktami ubezpieczeniowymi gwarantującymi konsumentom dostęp do prywatnych placówek opieki zdrowotnej, zapewniających krótszy czas oczekiwania na wizytę u specjalisty niż w placówkach publicznych, szybką diagnostykę i wysoką jakość świadczonych usług. Celem badania było określenie poziomu wydatków na ubezpieczenia związane ze zdrowiem i życiem w różnych typach gospodarstw domowych. Wskazano także ich pozycję w strukturze wydatków gospodarstw domowych na ubezpieczenia ogółem oraz w wydatkach na towary i usługi konsumpcyjne. W latach 2015–2019 liczba klientów zakupujących polisy zdrowotne, zarówno indywidualnych, jak i instytucjonalnych, ponad dwukrotnie wzrosła, a wydatki na te ubezpieczenia w 2019 roku były o 84% wyższe w stosunku do 2015 roku. Największą kwotę na zakup ubezpieczeń dotyczących życia i zdrowia przeznaczano w gospodarstwach domowych pracowników na stanowiskach nierobotniczych (rocznie ponad 131 zł/os.), a najniższą w gospodarstwach domowych rolników (rocznie ponad 30 zł/os.)
Financial insurance for enterprises: analysis of demand and supply
Full text linkCelem artykułu jest ocena zmian popytu przedsiębiorstw na ubezpieczenia finansowe. Analizie poddano wydatki podmiotów gospodarczych ponoszone na ich zakup i podaż w ujęciu podmiotowym. Dane wykorzystane w opracowaniu pochodziły ze źródeł wtórnych publikowanych w opracowaniach Komisji Nadzoru Finansowego (KNF), Polskiej Izby Ubezpieczeń (PIU) i Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego (GUS). Wykorzystano także informacje z literatury przedmiotu badań. Zakres czasowy badań obejmował lata 2005–2018. W opracowaniu przedstawiono wybrane rodzaje ubezpieczeń zaliczanych do ubezpieczeń finansowych wskazując branże, do których w sposób szczególny adresowane są te produkty. Zwrócono także uwagę na podaż w ujęciu podmiotowym wskazując ubezpieczycieli, którzy zajmują pozycję lidera w sprzedaży ubezpieczeń finansowych w Polsce. Stwierdzono, że popyt (w ujęciu wartościowym) na ubezpieczenia finansowe w latach 2005–2018 rósł. Kwota składki przypisanej brutto w 2018 roku była dwukrotnie wyższa niż w 2005 roku i wynosiła 1,09 mld zł. Ustalono także, że najwyższa średnia dynamika wzrostu rynku dotyczyła ubezpieczeń od różnych ryzyk finansowych (grupa 16), które oferowane są zazwyczaj łącznie z innymi produktami ubezpieczeniowymi, ale także dynamika wydatków ponoszonych na zakup gwarancji ubezpieczeniowej przyjmowała wartości powyżej 200%, a w 2018 roku było to nawet 360%The aim of the article is to assess changes in the enterprises’ demand for financial insurance. The analysis covered expenses incurred by business entities on purchase thereof and supply by the entity. Data used in the study came from secondary sources published in studies by the Polish Financial Supervision Authority (KNF), the Polish Chamber of Insurance (PIU) and the Central Statistical Office (GUS). Furthermore, information from the studies-related literature has been included. The time period of studies covered the years 2005–2018. Selected types of insurance included in financial insurance have been presented herein and industries which these products are especially targeted at have been indicated. Moreover, supply by entities has been discussed with an indication of insurers who hold a leading position in the financial insurance sales in Poland. It has been stated that the demand (by value) for financial insurance in the years 2005–2018 was growing. The amount of the gross premium written in 2018 was twice as high as in 2005 and amounted to PLN 1.09 billion. Furthermore, it has been determined that the highest average dynamics of market growth concerned insurance from various financial risks (group 16), which are usually offered jointly with other insurance products, but also the dynamics of expenses incurred on purchasing surety was over 200%, whereas, in 2018 it was even 360
Wydatki Na Ubezpieczenia W Gospodarstwach Domowych Rolników W Latach 2009-2013
Full text linkThe aim of this paper is to determine the relation between expenditure incurred on insurance in farmers’
households and disposable income in Poland. The structure of spending on insurance and diversification of
their level depending on the number of persons per household are also analysed. Analysis cover the period
2009-2013. It was found that insurance it is still a luxury good. Rising incomes in households of farmers
leads to a more than proportional increase in spending on insurance. It was also found that in structure
of expenses on insurances there is still strong domination of both: compulsory vehicles insurance and real
estate insurance. Important increasing of expenses on insurance in farmers’ households were observed in
analysed period. It rose at rate of 5% a year nominall
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
- …
