1,735,886 research outputs found
An experimental and theoretical investigation of a wick-type solar still for water desalination
No full textThis thesis was submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and awarded by Brunel University.Solar distillation using a wick-type solar still was investigated theoretically and experimentally. A tilled flat plate wick-type solar still was designed and constructed.
Charcoal cloth was used as an absorber/evaporator material and for saline water transport. A theoretical model for the performance of the wick-type solar still has been developed and analysed. It investigates the effect of various factors on the still productivity. A Fortran computer program has been developed and a finite difference technique was used to solve the main equations and to determine related parameters.
Indoor experimental testing was carried out to investigate the effect of input water flow rate and salinity on the still productivity together with the variation of the solar still efficiency with absorber temperature. The tests were conducted using the irradiance from a lamp array. Outdoor testing was carried out with and without a V-trough solar concentrator on clear days in summer and winter. Representative daily efficiencies of the still with and without the solar concentrator were about 60% and 50% respectively on clear days in summer. The solar absorptances of samples of charcoal cloth and blackened hessian cloth were determined before and after environmental exposure. The solar reflectances of samples of 3M Scotchcal Films and aluminised plastic (as potential reflecting materials for the concentrator mirrors) were investigated before and after environmental exposure and also exposure to elevated temperatures and humidities. It has been concluded that: charcoal cloth is a good material for use as an absorber/evaporator and also as a water transport medium. Increase of the input water mass flow rate leads to a reduction in the efficiency of the wick-type solar still. The still efficiency decreased linearly with Increase of salinity of the input saline water. The productivity of the still Increases linearly with absorber temperature. The best absorber-cover separation Is found to be in the range 20-25 mm. Wind speed has no significant effect (up to about 10 m/s) on the performance of a well sealed still. The transmittance of the glass cover has a strong influence on the still efficiency. Use of the solar concentrator with the inclined wick-type solar still leads to a greater fractional increase In still productivity on clear days in winter than on clear days in summer
Mary Wick and her Daughter Tempe in the Parlor of the Wick House
No full textDuring the 1779-1780 encampment Mary Cooper Wick 61, and her daughter Temperance were the only family members living on the 1,400 acre farm,
At that time Henry Wick 72, was away serving as a volunteer with the Morris County CavalryOriginal file name 62 Ladies of the Wick House.jp
Wick Ferry terminal, Christchurch, Bournemouth, United Kingdom circa 1900
No full textThe Wick Ferry connects the village of Wick to Christchurch across the River Stour, and locals will have crossed the river here by boat for centuries. The first recorded ferry operator was a Mr Marshall who was provided with land on the Wick side to build a ferry landing place around 1815. Later, Eli Miller started a rival service from the Christchurch bank, and his family ran the ferry until 1903. It was then sold to J.C.Edmonds, who ran it until 1946. They employed the ferryman Jack O'Brien from 1900 until the 1920s. In 1947, the ferry was motorised for the first time, by which time the ferryman was Brigham Young. A holiday camp was created at Wick, and they then ran the ferry. It first closed for the winter in 1957, although local protests forced its resumption by Bob Bishop after five weeks. His daughter Dawn later took it over from him.
In the 1960s, the ferry was taken over and run by Tuckton Riverside Services, who also ran the Funnel Boats which ran in competition with the United Motor Boats. The ferry is now operated by Bournemouth Boat Services, owners of United Motor Boats. Since 1963, the ferry has been summers only. It runs every day (weather and tide permitting) from Easter until the end of October, from 10am until 5pm
Modeling and Design Optimization of Ultra-Thin Vapor Chambers for High Heat Flux Applications
No full textPassive phase-change thermal spreaders, such as vapor chambers have been widely employed to spread the heat from small-scale high-flux heat sources to larger areas. In this paper, a numerical model for ultrathin vapor chambers has been developed, which is suitable for reliable prediction of the operation at high heat fluxes and small scales. The effects of boiling in the wick structure on the thermal performance are modeled, and the model predictions are compared with experiments on custom-fabricated vapor chamber devices. The working fluid for the vapor chamber is water and a condenser side temperature range of 293 K–333 K is considered. The model predictions agree reasonably well with experimental measurements and reveal the input parameters to which thermal resistance and vapor chamber capillary limit are most sensitive. The vapor space in the ultrathin devices offers significant thermal and flow resistances when the vapor core thickness is in the range of 0.2 mm–0.4 mm. The performance of a 1-mm-thick vapor chamber is optimized by studying the variation of thermal resistance and total flow pressure drop as functions of the wick and vapor core thicknesses. The wick thickness is varied from 0.05 to 0.25 mm. Based on the minimization of a performance cost function comprising the device thermal resistance and flow pressure drop, it is concluded that the thinnest wick structures (0.05 mm) are optimal for applications with heat fluxes below 50 W/cm2, while a moderate wick thickness of 0.1 mm performs best at higher heat flux inputs (\u3e50 W/cm2)
Old Tempe Wick Road in Jockey Hollow
No full textJockey Hollow, also known as Wick Farm and Wick Hall, was the traditional Wick family estate in New Jersey. Throughout the Revolutionary War, it was used by the Continental Army as its main winter encampment, and it housed the entire Continental Army during the Winter at Jockey Hollow, the harshest winter of the War, from December 1779 to June 1780.Original file name Jockey Hollow.jp
A mathematical approach to Wick rotations
No full textIn this thesis we define Wick-rotations mathematically using pseudo-Riemannian geometry, and relate Wick-rotations to real geometric invariant theory (GIT). We discover some new results concerning the existence of Wick rotations (of various signatures). For instance we show that a Wick-rotation of a pseudo-Riemannian space (at a fixed point p) to a Riemannian space forces the space to be Riemann purely electric (RPE). We also define compatibility among representations and relate them to real GIT and Wick-rotations. The polynomial curvature invariants of pseudo-Riemannian spaces are also considered and related to Wick-rotations.
Wick-rotations of a special class of pseudo-Riemannian manifolds (M; g) are also studied; namely Lie groups G equipped with left-invariant metrics. We prove some new results concerning the existence of real slices (of Lie algebras) of certain signatures of a holomorphic inner product space (gC; gC) (on a complex Lie algebra). The definition of a Cartan involution for a semisimple Lie algebra is defined for a general Lie algebra equipped with a pseudo-inner product: (g; g), and the theorems of Cartan (concerning Cartan involutions) are generalised and proved. For instance we prove that a pseudo-Riemannian Lie group (G; g) can be Wick-rotated to a Riemannian Lie group ( ~ G; ~g) if and only if there exist a Cartan involution of the Lie algebra g
Marching Past The Wick House
No full textFirst platoon marches past the Wick House.
When on the march, the typical soldier in the Continental Army carried forty-five pounds of gear. This included, when he was properly supplied, his weapon, haversack, knapsack, and other accoutrements including a bayonet, tin cup, bowl, spoon, cartridge box, canteen, and if lucky an extra blanket, shirt, or writing paper and a pen.Original file name Drilling at the Wick Farm (1).jp
The Wick Farm at Jockey Hollow from the Old Tempe Wick Road
No full textThe Wick House is on the north side of the Old Tempe Wick Road, about 325 feet west of its intersection with the Jockey Hollow Road, about four miles southwest of Morristown, Morris County, New Jersey.Original file name 5434234212_0c9090629a_o.jp
The Wick Farm at Jockey Hollow
No full textIn 1746 Nathan Cooper, of Roxbury (Chester) township, and Henry Wick, �of Suffolk County, Long Island,� jointly bought 1,114 acres on the Passaic River known as the Dick Tract. Two years later, in 1748, Cooper released his half to Henry Wick, who by then was �of Morristown, New Jersey�. With later purchases the �Wick Tract� came to measure over 1,400 acres.Original file name 230303101244-Fall at Jockey Hollow co (1).jp
Another View of the Kitchen in the Wick House
No full textThe Wick House was built between 1747 and 1750 by Henry Wick.. Henry Wick and his family migrated from Long Island and the construction of the Wick House mirrors the style of their origin.
This room served as the parlor and kitchen in the Wick house and was probably the warmest room in the house. During the winter encampments it also served as a conference room and a staff office.Original file name IMG_3983.jp
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