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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
Eine klinische 10-Jahresbeurteilung von festsitzendem Zahnersatz im Seitenzahnbereich, bestehend aus Zirkoniumdioxid
No full text1 Summary
Aims
The current situation of an ascertained scarceness of qualified scientific evidence for the long-term survival of all-ceramic zirconia bridges was the starting point that triggered the following study of a „10-year clinical evaluation of zirconia posterior FPD’s“. The aim of this investigation was to document the condition of tripartite and quadrinominal LAVA™-zirconia-bridges in the posterior region after a period of ten years in use in order to be able to make a statement about the robustness and resistance to wear and tear of this specific form of restauration in the long run. A three-dimensional white light scanner (ATOS II) had been used to document the abrasion of ceramics and to ensure a profound evaluation of all data.
Methods
The first part of this work deals with the clinical evaluation of zirconia-bridges in the posterior region. The ceramics have been judged by means of modified CDA criteria. Besides form, colour and surface texture also success rate and survival rate of the restaurations were recorded. In the second part full-ceramic bridges were ex-amined by a method established at the Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen Nürnberg - Zahnklinik 2 – Dental Prosthetics. A three-dimensional white light scan-ner (ATOS II) demonstrated most clearly the exact degree of abrasion. Here as well the occlusal volume decrease as the maximum loss of material within ten years could be visually captured and evaluated.
Results
First of all clinical evaluation has proved an excellent biocompatibility of full-ceramics. Furthermore the material convinced with its natural, full-scale colour re-production. However, the brittleness of the material often led to „chipping frac-tures“. After 10 years of use the success rate for all-ceramics in a follow up- exami-nation was at 60% whereas the survival rate could be specified by 88,2%. This cor-responds with 15 out of 17 all-ceramic bridges investigated.
With the help of ATOS II an increasing loss of material could be detected during the investigation period. Apart from that abrasion differed between the premolar and molar parts of bridges. Over the whole period of examination molar parts showed a more significant loss of material. The maximum abrasion value could be determined between -0,278 mm for premolar and -0,435 mm for molar parts.
Conclusion
Based on the present study all-ceramic systems like LAVA™ (3M ESPE) used as bridge construction in the posterior region were certified satisfactory results as far as their durability is concerned. The main problem which caused the breakdown of this full-ceramic system was the appearance of the so-called „chipping“, a bursting and peeling of the ceramic cover. Patients showed themselves equally convinced of the biocompatibility of full-ceramic restaurations and the aesthetic effect as the doctors treating. As far as form, colour, plaque accumulation and the reaction of organic texture were concerned ceramics achieved high satisfaction. Nevertheless this sur-vey is inclined to recommend all-ceramic zirconia bridges in the posterior region only in a restricted way. The further technical development in the field of ceramics, especially the production of monolithic oxide ceramic may possibly bring about once more an increased durability here. Though, there is not yet enough data in this field which might allow a profound final judgement.1 Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Ziele
Die aktuell geringe Datenlage aus wissenschaftlichen Arbeiten, welche sich mit dem Langzeitüberleben vollkeramischer Zirkoniumdioxid-Brücken befasst haben, war Anlass für die Durchführung der Studie „10-year clinical evaluation of zirconia posterior FPD´s“. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, den Zustand von drei- und vier-gliedrigen Brücken aus LAVATM- Zirkoniumdioxidkeramik im Seitenzahnbereich, nach über 10 Jahren in Funktion zu dokumentieren, um eine Aussage hinsichtlich des Langzeitüberlebens derartiger Restaurationen treffen zu können.
Darüber hinaus sollte das Abrasionsverhalten der Keramiken mittels
3D-Weißlichtscanner (ATOS II) dokumentiert und ausgewertet werden.
Methode
Der erste Teil dieser Arbeit dokumentiert die klinische Evaluation von Zirkonium-dioxid-Brücken im Seitenzahnbereich. Diese wurden anhand modifizierter CDA-Kriterien bewertet. Neben Form, Farbe und Oberflächenbeschaffenheit der Restau-rationen wurden auch die Erfolgs- und Überlebensrate der Arbeiten erfasst.
Im zweiten Teilabschnitt der Arbeit wurden die Vollkeramikbrücken, mit einem an der Zahnklinik 2 – Zahnärztliche Prothetik der Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Er-langen-Nürnberg etablierten Verfahren, unter Zuhilfenahme des kontaktfreien 3D-Weißlichtscanners ATOS II hinsichtlich ihres Abrasionsverhaltens untersucht. Da-bei wurde die okklusale Volumenabnahme sowie der maximale Materialverlust der Keramikrestaurationen im Verlauf von 10 Jahren lichtoptisch dargestellt und bewer-tet.
Ergebnisse
Im Rahmen der klinischen Evaluation zeigte sich die ausgezeichnete Biokompatibi-lität der Keramiken. Zudem konnte das Material mit seiner naturgetreuen Farbwie-dergabe überzeugen. Aufgrund der Sprödheit des Materials kam es jedoch häufig zu „Chippingfrakturen“.
Nach 10 Jahren in Funktion resultierte daraus eine Erfolgsrate von 60% für die Ke-ramikrestaurationen. Die Überlebensrate lag bei 88,2%. Das entsprach 15 von 17 nachuntersuchten Brücken.
Im Rahmen der lichtoptischen Untersuchung ließ sich ein zunehmender Material-verlust über den Untersuchungszeitraum hinweg feststellen. Zudem konnte der
unterschiedliche Verschleiß zwischen prämolaren und molaren Brückenanteilen dokumentiert werden. Die Molaren wiesen über den gesamten Untersuchungszeit-raum hinweg einen ausgeprägteren Materialverlust auf. Die maximalen ermittelten Abra- sionswerte lagen zwischen -0,278 mm für Prämolaren und -0,435 mm für Mo-laren.
Schlussfolgerung
Es war festzustellen, dass vollkeramisch Systeme wie LAVATM (3M ESPE), einge-setzt für Brückenkonstruktionen im Seitenzahnbereich, zufriedenstellende Ergebnis-se bezüglich ihrer Langlebigkeit erzielten. Die Hauptproblematik, die zum Versagen der mit glaskeramischen Massen verblendeten Zirkoniumdioxidgerüste führte, zeig-te sich im „Chipping“, also dem Abplatzen der Verblendkeramik. Die ästhetische Wirkung und ausgezeichnete Biokompatibilität keramischer Restaurationen konnte neben dem Patientenkollektiv auch die Behandler überzeugen. Sowohl in Form- und Farbgestaltung als auch hinsichtlich ihrer Plaqueakkumulation und der Weichge-websreaktion im Bereich der Restaurationen schnitten die Keramiken sehr zufrie-denstellend ab.
Dennoch lassen sich aufgrund der Ergebnisse aus dieser Studie Zirkoniumdioxid-brücken, welche glaskeramisch verblendet sind, nur bedingt für den Einsatz im Sei-tenzahnbereich empfehlen.
Die technische Weiterentwicklung der Keramiken, insbesondere die Herstellung monolithischer Oxidkeramiken für den Seitenzahnbereich, könnte die Überlebensra-te derartiger Restaurationen noch einmal deutlich verbessern. Es liegen diesbezüg-lich jedoch noch nicht ausreichend Daten vor, um ein endgültiges Fazit für diese Materialklasse ziehen zu können
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