97 research outputs found
Subversive Translation and Lexical Empathy: Pedagogies of Cortesia and Transnational Multilingual Poetics
No full textDrawing on George Steiner’s concept of ‘lexical cortesia’ or ‘tact of heart’, this chapter offers an example of innovative embodied and embedded critical practice in which transnational author Merlinda Bobis combines her own complex perspectives as a multilingual writer, reader, teacher, translator and scholar. When facing linguistic and cultural difference in a predominantly monolingual hegemonic context, as is the case of the Australian literary landscape and the university classroom, subversive strategies are especially necessary so as not to mute artistic expression in other languages. Monolingual here does not stand for the person speaking only one language, but for the monolithic sensibility that hears and cares for only one tongue
Agricultural trade liberalization in the Uruguay Round : one step forward, one step back?
No full textAfter evaluating the Uruguay Round's impact on agriculture and border protection in the next decade, the author concludes that while there was significant reform of the rules - particularly the conversion of nontariff barriers into tariffs and the reduction and binding of all tariffs - in practice, trade will probably be liberalized less than expected. The objective of the Round was to reverse protectionism and remove trade distortions. This may not be achieved in practice, at least not until further reductions are carried out in future rounds of negotiations. The major exception to this conclusion is in high-income Asian countries, where protection for major commodities will be significantly reduced. The tariffication and binding of all tariffs on agricultural products represents a significant step forward. Liberalization is implicit because countries are prohhibited from arbitrarily raising tariffs to new higher levels. But many of the newly established tariffs are so high in many countries as to effectively prohibit trade. Patterns of liberalization vary considerably by commodity and by country. Generally, the extent of liberalization was diminished by binding tariffs to the base period of 1986-88, when border protection was at a high point. In most OECD countries, this was worsened by"dirty tariffication:"the new base tariffs offered even greater protection than the nontariff barriers they replaced. Even after the commitments to tariff reductions in the Round, the ad valorem measure of the final binding tariffs will remain higher than the average rate of protection in 1982-93. A number of developing countries in East Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East chose to lock in prior liberalization efforts on some products. But for most commodities, there will be little actual liberalization, since most developing countries chose to bind their tariffs at a maximum level. Even when countries reduced already-bound rates, bound tariffs remained significantly higher than current applied rates, giving countries the flexibility to raise tariffs later. The high level of bound tariffs may allow countries to apply variable tariffs below the bound level, thus failing to stabilize tariffs and improve market access. Moreover, the Round did not touch many of the worst distortions in developing countries, such as import subsidies, export taxes, state-trading monopolies, and domestic policies that implicitly tax agriculture.Trade Policy,Environmental Economics&Policies,Economic Theory&Research,Export Competitiveness,Rules of Origin,Trade Policy,Rules of Origin,TF054105-DONOR FUNDED OPERATION ADMINISTRATION FEE INCOME AND EXPENSE ACCOUNT,Environmental Economics&Policies,Economic Theory&Research
Is rice becoming an inferior good? Food demand in the Philippines
No full textWhat are the prospects for demand for the main foodstuffs, particularly rice, in the Philippines? Countries which have traditionally consumed rice as the basic staple such as Japan, the Republic of Korea, and Taiwan are eating more wheat and wheat products. There is also a shift towards increased consumption of meats, dairy products, vegetable oils, and fruits and vegetables. A recent study found rice to be an inferior good in Japan, Taiwan, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and Nepal. In this paper, the demand for cereals in the Philippines is analyzed. Instead of assuming separability, an alternative specification of the linear Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/AIDS) which includes rice, wheat, maize, meat, fish, fruits and vegetables, other foods, and non-food commodities for the Philippines is estimated using time-series data from 1961 to 1988. The effects of urbanization and dynamic factors such as habit formation in consumption are also considered in the empirical analysis. Then using the estimated parameters, the demand and income elasticities are estimated over the sample period. The parameters are used to generate baseline projections of cereal demand to 2000. Some policy implications and concluding remarks are given in the final section.Environmental Economics&Policies,Economic Theory&Research,Crops&Crop Management Systems,Food&Beverage Industry,Agricultural Research
Satire in Merlinda Bobis' Banana Heart Summer
No full textHornedo, a literature icon asserts that "A piece of literature documents the world and the worldview of its author" Accordingly, some literary pieces can provide information on the socio-political and cultural background of a certain society. Anchored on this premise, this paper aimed to identify the aesthetics of satire in Merlinda Bobis' Banana Heart Summer. It also sought to unveil the novel's message and the author's manner of criticizing the novel's social setup. Specifically, it sought to describe the novel's theme, tone, structure and style, as well as the socio-political and cultural aspects using food as primary trope. The paper also aimed to present the reality frame of the depicted societal problems of the Filipinos in general and those of Bicolanos in particular. The formalist theory was applied in the treatment of material, which is a satire, and being so, the researcher also applied defamiliarization theory, through devices such as tropes and social realism, as it forms part of the aesthetics of satire that can help identify the ideology behind the author's work. The researcher grouped the identified satirical techniques into five: exaggeration, incongruity, parody, reversal, and defamiliarization. In conclusion, this paper asserts that Bobis wrote the material for the readers to see the flaws of the society; alongside, she also implicitly offers a solution or presents the possibility of curing the social ills highlighted in the novel
Book Review: Paradoxes in Social Work Practice: Mitigating Ethical Trespass
No full textAuthor: Weinberg, Merlinda
Name of Book: Paradoxes in Social Work: Mitigating Ethical Trespass
Published: 2016
Published By: Routledge
Hardcover ISBN 978-1-4724-309-71
Number of Pages: 17
Media Pembelajaran Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat menggunakan Metode Gamifikasi berbasis Website
No full textStudents have difficulty in understanding the learning of clean and healthy lifestyle behavior (PHBS) using the lecture method because it is considered boring and less interactive. They also hesitate to ask questions when they don't understand the material. This research aims to create Learning Media for clean and healthy lifestyle behavior using a website-based gamification method, in order to increase student learning motivation by providing interactive learning media and evaluating the feasibility and usefulness of learning media. The research used a Research and Development approach with the ADDIE model, and data collection techniques through observation. This research involved 1 media expert, 2 material experts, teachers, and 30 respondents of 4th and 5th grade students at SD Negeri 3 Purwokerto Kulon as research subjects. Usability evaluation is carried out using the SUS (System usability scale) method. The result of this research is PHBS learning media using website-based gamification method, consisting of 10 pages. Based on the Validation Test by media experts getting a final score of 88.88%, material experts getting a final score of 82.77% and usability evaluation of website-based PHBS learning media by 30 respondents, resulting in a final score of 78.41. Based on the results of the validation and evaluation tests that have been carried out, it can be concluded that this learning media is suitable for use and falls into the acceptable category
Does Mercosur's trade performance raise concerns about the effects of regional trade arrangements?
No full textA concern about regional trade arrangements (RTAs) is whether the discriminatory trade barriers applied to RTAs encourage high-cost imports from member countries at the expense of nonmember lower-cost goods. RTA impact evaluations have been hampered by a lack of appropriate empirical procedures for assessing their influence on trade level and direction. The author employs a new index for analyzing the static trade effects of an RTA. He examines export regional orientation changes combined with the revealed comparative advantage (RCA) index to identify trade pattern inefficiencies. This is applied to Mercosur countries'export statistics to determine if recent trade is evolving compatible with the countries'current comparative advantage. The results show the dynamic products in Mercosur's intra-trade are capital intensive goods which members have not displayed a strong export performance in outside markets. Neither the RCA indices nor factor proportion statistics indicate that Mercosur has a comparative advantage in those products. The evidence suggests Mercosur's trade barriers are responsible for the trade changes. Most favored nation tariffs on the fast growing products are above the average for all imports and provide Mercosur members with significant preferences. These findings constitute evidence on the potential adverse effects of regional trade arrangements on members and on third countries. Given the recent proliferation of RTAs, they highlight the need for further empirical research on the domestic and international effects of these arrangements, to better assess the pros and cons of regionalism.Trade Policy,Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Transport and Trade Logistics,Common Carriers Industry,TF054105-DONOR FUNDED OPERATION ADMINISTRATION FEE INCOME AND EXPENSE ACCOUNT,Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Trade Policy,Trade and Regional Integration
States of Poetry 2017 - ACT: 'An argument in glass'
No full textPoetry
https://www.australianbookreview.com.au/poetry/states-of-poetry-2017/author/6572-merlindabobi
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