1,720,991 research outputs found
Recent Research on the Native History of Amazonia and Guayana
No full textWhitehead Neil L. Recent Research on the Native History of Amazonia and Guayana. In: L'Homme, 1993, tome 33 n°126-128. La remontée de l'Amazone. pp. 495-506
Combes, Isabelle — La tragédie cannibale chez les anciens Tupi-Guarani
No full textWhitehead Neil L. Combes, Isabelle — La tragédie cannibale chez les anciens Tupi-Guarani. In: Journal de la Société des Américanistes. Tome 79, 1993. pp. 315-317
Ethnic Transformation and Historical Discontinuity in Native Amazonia and Guayana, 1500-1900
No full textWhitehead Neil L. Ethnic Transformation and Historical Discontinuity in Native Amazonia and Guayana, 1500-1900. In: L'Homme, 1993, tome 33 n°126-128. La remontée de l'Amazone. pp. 285-305
Divine hunger: the cannibal war machine
Full text linkThis article identifies a deep historical and systemic relationship between the exercise of political power and a “Cannibal War Machine”, which appropriates forms and concepts belonging to the realms of witchcraft and the relation with the divine. It proposes that material and immaterial forms of violence have been the axis of all social exchanges in modernity, deploying death and suffering as a necessary artifact for progress, freedom and capitalist market through a logic that evokes the sacrifices to the gods and the sacred status of the liberal democratic order. From the conquest and colonization of the New World, the profits of plunder and extraction of the wealth of the Amerindian territory made the cannibal white-man (a stock figure in non- Western imagination) to unleash such a war machine that devours peoples and resources to feed the colonial State. In the contemporary world, the use of cutting-edge technologies swathes military actions with an aura of mystery, which mimics the imaginaries of magic and witchcraft, deliberately spreading a mystic that generates fear and social chaos, quite convenient to the military interests. After five centuries of intertwining of political power and violence, it would seem that the machine of war has not satiated itself and that it keeps claiming for more blood in the name of liberty and progress.El presente artículo identifica una relación histórica y sistémica entre el ejercicio del poder político y una “máquina de guerra caníbal” que se apropia de formas y conceptos propios del ámbito de la brujería y de la relación con lo divino. Se propone que la violencia material y simbólica ha sido el eje de todos los intercambios sociales de la modernidad, en la que se despliega un aparato de muerte y sufrimiento justificado en el progreso, la libertad y el mercado capitalista, bajo una lógica que evoca el sacrificio a los dioses y que sacraliza el orden liberal democrático. A partir del proceso de colonización del Nuevo Mundo, el lucro de la guerra y la ambición por explotar la exuberante riqueza del territorio amerindio hicieron que el hombre blanco caníbal (una figura común en los imaginarios no-occidentales) desatara esa máquina de guerra que devora personas y recursos para alimentar al Estado colonial. En la contemporaneidad, el uso de altas tecnologías envuelve a las acciones bélicas con un halo de misterio que hace mímesis de los imaginarios de la magia y la hechicería, lo cual supone la propagación deliberada de una mística que genera miedo y caos social y que conviene a los intereses militares. Después de cinco siglos de coalición entre el poder político y la violencia, pareciera que la máquina de guerra caníbal no se ha saciado y reclama cada vez más sangre en nombre de la libertad y el progreso
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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