1,720,981 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Shade Tolerance of ProVista Kentucky Bluegrass versus Conventional Blends
Full text linkShade stress is a common problem encountered in turfgrass management situations worldwide. As a species, Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) possesses relatively poor shade tolerance, which limits its use in low light situations. The objective of this study was to determine the comparative shade performance and minimal daily light integral requirements (DLIm) of Kentucky bluegrass. Field studies were conducted under shade treatments producing seasonal average DLI ranging from 1.9 to 55.9 mol m^2 d^-1 during year one and from 1.98 to 40.65 mol m^2 d^-1 during year two. Based on non-linear regression of DLI vs. turfgrass quality during the final rating date of both years, DLIm required for acceptable turf quality ranged from 7.5 mol m^-2d^-1 for ProVista and from 22.5 2 mol m^-2d^-1 for Conventional Kentucky bluegrass. Improved turf quality of ProVista under low light intensities appeared to be related to reduced rates of leaf elongation, improved stand density, and elevated leaf chlorophyll contents
Long-Term Dynamics and Management Requirements of Sand-Capped Fairways
Full text linkAs golf course irrigation water quality continues to decline, sand-capping of golf course fairways is increasing. Capping of degraded golf course fairways with a layer of sand to promote better turfgrass health, performance, and playability is becoming a common practice where irrigation water is of poor quality, usually high in sodium. Benefits of sand-capping include improved surface drainage and increased infiltration rates, greater rooting depth, improved traffic tolerance and playing conditions, alleviated compaction, enhanced ability to flush salts from the upper root zone, and improved soil structure (White, 2013). However, over time, unique management challenges may arise, including organic matter accumulation, surface hydrophobicity, and subsoil permeability issues, especially where irrigation water contains elevated levels of sodium. Our results indicate that capping depth plays a critical role in turfgrass quality, volumetric water content, sorptivity, percent green cover, sodium adsorption ratio, hydrophobicity of the surface, organic matter content, and thatch depth with the shallower capping depths often outperforming the deeper capping depths.
Our results indicate that gypsum applications are affective at reducing sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) in sand-capped systems and that while wetting agent applications are important, they may only be necessary in deeper capping systems. Our results indicate that the more aggressive cultural practices lead to a short-term reduction in turfgrass quality but provide a greater turfgrass quality later into the season. Our results suggest that moisture is potentially a key factor in how these capping depths perform regarding the parameters measured. The research-based information learned from this study will help turfgrass professionals best manage their sand-cap systems in the future and will be utilized when constructing future/renovating established turfgrass systems
Deficit Irrigation Programs for Water Conservation in the Management of Bermudagrass Fairways in Texas
Full text linkGolf course water use in Texas has become increasingly regulated in the past
decade due to persistent drought conditions, diminishing water supplies, and rapidly a
growing population. Many golf courses have been faced with considerable cutbacks in
irrigation allocations, but information is limited regarding critical levels needed for
maintaining adequate turf quality, persistence, and recovery from divots and traffic.
Furthermore, the effects of irrigation water quality on minimal irrigation requirements
has not been fully resolved. A series of field and greenhouse studies were conducted
over the course of two years in College Station, TX, to determine the effects of
continuous reference evapotranspiration (ET_(o))- based deficit irrigation levels on quality
of bermudagrass fairway turf. Turf quality evaluations from both seasons showed that in
the absence of traffic, irrigation levels of 0.3 x ET_(o) were sufficient to maintain
acceptable turfgrass quality during summer months (at a 3-day per week irrigation
frequency). Canopy temperatures increased considerably as irrigation was reduced; with
up to a 20��� increase detected between irrigated and unirrigated plots. Upon resumption
of full irrigation levels in September, unirrigated and deficit-irrigated plots quickly
recovered to ~90% green cover within 8 weeks in year 1. However, unirrigated plots
were much slower to recover in the second season, only reaching ~30% green cover by 8
weeks. The delayed ability of unirrigated plots to rebound following successive years
without irrigation suggests a cumulative effect of drought stress on bermudagrass health
and vigor. Traffic treatments delayed recovery across all irrigation levels. Greenhouse
investigations into irrigation water quality (reverse osmosis (RO), saline, and sodic) and plant growth regulator trinexapac-ethyl (TE) effects on bermudagrass evapotranspiraton and tolerance to deficit irrigation were also undertaken. Irrigation water quality failed to significantly influence minimal irrigation requirements, but turf irrigated with sodic irrigation did exhibit considerably higher evapotranspiration (ET) rates relative to those receiving saline or RO irrigation. TE improved bermudagrass quality and delayed leaf firing under the soil moisture stress from deficit irrigation. The findings from this research provide timely and practical information for turf managers who must increasingly utilize ET-based irrigation scheduling and/or low-quality water sources in the management of golf course turfgrass systems
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