277 research outputs found
The unintended consequences of the debt ... will increased government expenditure hurt the economy?
No full textIn 2008, governments in many countries embarked on large fiscal expenditure programmes, with the intention to support the economy and prevent a more serious recession. In this study, the overall impact of a substantial increase in fiscal expenditure is considered by providing a novel analysis of the most relevant recent experience in similar circumstances, namely that of Japan in the 1990s. Then a weak economy with risk-averse banks seemed to require some of the largest peacetime fiscal stimulation programmes on record, albeit with disappointing results. The explanations provided by the literature and their unsatisfactory empirical record are reviewed. An alternative explanation, derived from early Keynesian models on the ineffectiveness of fiscal policy is presented in the form of a modified Fisher-equation, which incorporates the recent findings in the credit view literature. The model postulates complete quantity crowding out. It is subjected to empirical tests, which were supportive. Thus evidence is found that fiscal policy, if not supported by suitable monetary policy, is likely to crowd out private sector demand, even in an environment of falling or near-zero interest rates. As a policy conclusion it is pointed out that by changing the funding strategy, complete crowding out can be avoided and a positive net effect produced. The proposed framework creates common ground between proponents of Keynesian views (as held, among others, by Blinder and Solow), monetarist views (as held in particular by Milton Friedman) and those of leading contemporary macroeconomists (such as Mankiw)
Author Correction: An exogenic to endogenic thermal transition on Earth 3.9 billion years ago
No full textGreening the live music industry: key sustainability areas and indicators
No full textThis thesis investigates the key factors for implementing sustainability performance indicators
in the live music industry, aligning the interests of venue operators, consumers, and green
financing providers. By developing a conceptual framework from existing literature and
validating it through an analysis of major European music festivals, expert interviews and
consumer surveys the study identifies waste management, public transportation, and energy use
as key priorities. The results emphasize the need for standardized reporting and green finance
to support environmental initiatives. This research provides comprehensive recommendations
to overcome these challenges, aiming to enhance the environmental and economic
sustainability of live music events
Simultaneous 2D Localization and 3D Mapping on a mobile Robot with Time-of-Flight Sensors
No full textThe problem of building consistent maps of unknown environments is one greatest importance within the mobile robot community. Since the first successful attempts, the variety of solutions has grown larger. One of the most famous approaches, namely the use of a Rao-Blackwellized Particle Filter(RBPF), was introduced by Murphy et al. It relies on sampling from the distribution over robot poses and map parameters. Amongst the large number of succeeding publications, a couple of them teamed the RBPF with some scan matching procedure. Acting on that idea, this thesis describes an algorithm, which is based upon the combination of the RBPF and a form of the Iterative Closest Point(ICP) algorithm. In different way from most established methods, this procedure manages with a much smaller number of samples. It aims to calculate a 3D grid-based map of environments with planar floors, using Time-of-Flight cameras. This kind of sensors allows to extract 3 dimensional information of the environment efficiently, measuring ranges to obstacles. The robustness of the resulting algorithm was proved by virtual experimental mapping of a laboratory, using an “omniRob” platform
Limited Commitment Models of the Labour Market
No full textWe present an overview of models of long-term self-enforcing labor contracts in which risk sharing is the dominant motive for contractual solutions. A base model is developed which is sufficiently general to encompass the two-agent problem central to most of the literature, including variable hours. We consider two-sided limited commitment and look at its implications for aggregate labor market variables. We consider the implications for empirical testing and the available empirical evidence. We also consider the one-sided limited commitment problem for which there exists a considerable amount of empirical support.labor contracts, self-enforcing contracts, unemployment, business cycle
Going Green: Implementing Sustainable Strategies in Libraries Around the World
No full textThis publication is the outcome from a book project seminar, held during the Wintersemester
2017/2018 at the Institut für Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft (Berlin School for
Library and Information Science) at Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, led by Petra
Hauke. Participants in the seminar were Sasha Agins, Valentina Dimitriadu, Gesa Funke,
Yannick Kavka, Jochen Nüske, Maximilian Paus, Huilin Ren, Sami Rustom, Vanessa Schrödter,
Lisa Tänzer, Sophie Tertel, Katharina Toeppe, Antonia Trojok, Martine Weil, Erika Werner and
Marvin Wieland. For further information please visit the book project’s website at http://www.
ibi.hu-berlin.de/studium/studprojekte/buchidee
Open data barometer global report
No full textHighlights the lack of open and accessible data on the performance of key public services. If the political and social impacts of open data are to be realised, work to increase the supply of datasets from right across government will be needed, alongside sustained investment in capacity building, training and support for effective data use.
Introduction
The core idea behind Open Government Data (OGD) is a simple one: public data should be a shared resource. Making data open is valuable not only for the government departments that collect and release the data, but also for citizens, entrepreneurs and other parts of the public sector.
The implementation of OGD takes dedicated and sustained policy attention. Affecting widespread impact through the release of OGD relies not only upon the supply of high-quality data, but also upon the capacity of users to work with the data, and the ability of government to engage proactively with those users.
In our complex world, access to OGD has the power to secure enhanced government accountability, empower coordinated action to improve public services and civil society, and inspire new business ideas. Yet far too often, access to data, along with the skills to understand and make use of it, are distributed unequally, and would-be users frequently encounter unnecessary technical and legal restrictions that prevent data re-use. Calls for a “Data Revolution” — led by the United Nations — have placed renewed attention on ensuring the collection and management of high-quality data around the world through strengthened statistical capacity, and are driving a focus on the use of new “big data” resources in policy making. Against this backdrop, questions concerning who has access to data, and whether citizens have the capability and freedoms to create, access, and analyse data about their own communities and concerns, become ever more important for securing a fair balance of power in our societies
From Kaolin to Claymount: Landscapes of the 19th-Century James River Stoneware Industry
No full textThis dissertation will examine the James River stoneware tradition, which encompasses parts of Henrico, Dinwiddie, Prince George, and Charles City Counties, south and east of the Falls of the James at Richmond, Virginia. This area has one of the richest histories in American ceramics. The essential elements of stoneware production will be examined. This dissertation will provide the only comprehensive overview of this regional industry with in depth descriptions of the relevant potteries, potting families and their environment. Detailed description of ceramic forms and decorations specific to individual potters will be provided. The archaeological research done at the potting sites, much of it participated in by the author will be presented. This will allow future attribution and dating of James River stoneware.;Landscapes of the 19th century James River stoneware industry will be explored and the nature of the potters' craft and community will be analyzed within the Meshwork as used by Tim Ingold. Through applications of both structural and semiotic approaches the production, relationships, and landscapes of the potteries will be organized and problematized. An effort will be made to provide as deep and broad a context as possible including social, political, and economic conditions. Archaeological, historical, and oral data will be used to understand the potters' habitus and the roles of artisans, their neighbors, landscapes and artifacts in actively creating that world.AnthropologyDoctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.
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