1,720,983 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
INTEGRATED APPROACHES FOR GIANT RAGWEED (AMBROSIA TRIFIDA L.) MANAGEMENT IN WISCONSIN: CEREAL RYE COVER CROP, SOYBEAN PLANTING STRATEGY, AND FARMER AND CROP CONSULTANT PERCEPTION
No full textGiant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.), known for its early emergence, aggressive growth, and propensity to evolve herbicide resistance, is a significant challenge in the US Midwest corn- soybean production systems. Effective management of this weed is crucial as it can severely impact crop yields and farming sustainability. Integrated weed management strategies are essential to mitigate the adverse effects of giant ragweed on crop production. Cover crops, particularly cereal rye (Secale cereale L.), provide weed suppression and soil health improvement. Adoption of cover crops can enhance water retention, reduce soil erosion and nutrient losses while suppressing weed establishment and growth. Optimizing the use of cover crops in tandem with other agronomic management practices is essential for maximizing their benefits. Research was conducted investigating multi-tactic giant ragweed management strategies incorporating cereal rye cover crop, soybean planting time, and use of pre-emergence soil residual herbicides. Moreover, farmer and crop consultant perceptions regarding cover crop adoption for weed suppression in Wisconsin were assessed. Conducted over two years in Wisconsin, the first field study quantified the biomass of cereal rye necessary for effective suppression of giant ragweed (Chapter 1). The study demonstrated that 3.8 and 4.8 Mg ha⁻¹ of cereal rye biomass reduced giant ragweed biomass and density by 50%, respectively, establishing a relationship between cover crop biomass and giant ragweed suppression. The second study conducted in Wisconsin and Nebraska explored the impact of soil management practices, soybean planting times, and preemergence herbicide application on giant ragweed dynamics and soybean yield (Chapter 2). Results revealed that the timing of control is crucial in Wisconsin due to the extended emergence window of giant ragweed, with delayed soybean planting reducing giant ragweed density in season but also potentially lowering yield.
Preemergence herbicides improved giant ragweed control and protected soybean yield in both states. Conversely, in Nebraska, where giant ragweed exhibits a shorter emergence window, the timing of soybean planting and control measures was less critical, indicating higher flexibility for controlling this weed. Wisconsin farmers and crop consultants were surveyed to assess current cover crop management practices and perceptions (136 respondents; chapter 3). Waterhemp [Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) Sauer] and giant ragweed were identified as the most troublesome weeds in Wisconsin corn-soybean production systems. Moreover, 90% of respondents use herbicides for cover crop termination, with a majority acknowledging the benefits of cover crops for weed suppression (68%), water retention (85%), and soil erosion reduction (98%). Collectively, these studies emphasize the potential of integrating cover crops, planting strategies, and informed management practices for effective giant ragweed management. The insights documented in these chapters offer valuable guidance for developing more sustainable weed management programs, enhancing soil health, and informing policy and educational efforts in the US Midwest and beyond
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
AGRONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF CEREAL RYE COVER CROP IN WISCONSIN SOYBEAN SYSTEMS
No full textWeed management programs utilizing high-biomass cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop in Wisconsin soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) production systems are increasing in popularity. Much of this method’s success depends on effective cereal rye termination and environmental conditions in the spring. A randomized complete block design field experiment was conducted in 2021 and 2022 at the University of Wisconsin-Madison Arlington Agricultural Research Station in southern Wisconsin designed to determine the efficacy of chemical (glyphosate, clethodim, and quizalofop-P-ethyl) and mechanical (McFarlane roller-crimper) techniques and combinations thereof for termination of high biomass cereal rye cover crop and their impact on yield in planting green soybean systems. The control treatment was glyphosate applied pre-plant (preplant control). Glyphosate-containing treatments were the most effective in percent control of terminated cereal rye 21 days after soybean planting (DAP) in both years (2021: >98%, 2022: >99%) compared to roller-crimping (2021: 96%), the ACCase inhibitors clethodim and quizalofop-P-ethyl (2021: <29%, 2022: <85%), and roller-crimper + clethodim in (2021: <66%; 2022: 99%) and roller-crimper + planting green quizalofop-P-ethyl (2021: <63%). Soybean stand density in planting green clethodim (<27%) and planting green quizalofop-P-ethyl (<18%) treatments were less than pre-plant control when compared in both years. Soybean stand density was not affected by other treatments. In both years, soybean yields were greatest in the pre-plant control treatment (2021: 5,454 kg ha-1; 2022: 3,912 kg ha-1) followed by roller-crimper + planting green glyphosate treatment (5,137 kg ha-1; 2022: 3,541 kg ha-1). Planting green glyphosate, roller-crimper, and all chemical + mechanical combinations did not differ from each other in yield for 2022. This study found that roller-crimper + planting green glyphosate was equivalent to the pre-plant control and both were followed by planting green glyphosate, as the best termination techniques for controlling a high biomass cereal rye cover crop and protecting yield potential in planting green soybean systems
Considerations for Postemergence Dicamba Use in Wisconsin Soybean Cropping Systems
No full textSoybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] is an important component of annual cropping systems in Wisconsin and throughout the Midwest United States. Novel herbicide-resistant soybean traits (i.e. Roundup Ready 2 Xtend®, glyphosate- and dicamba-resistant) are being adopted to diversify chemical control options postemergence (POST) to address widespread occurrence of glyphosate-resistant broadleaf weeds. Proper application timing, overreliance and concerns regarding off-target movement (OTM) of dicamba may limit the success of dicamba-resistant (DR) soybean technology. A field experiment was conducted in Wisconsin at three sites in 2018 and four sites in 2019 to determine optimum dicamba POST timing and consider the value of a layered residual POST approach. Treatments consisted of preemergence (PRE) fb POST diglycolamine salt of dicamba with VaporGrip® technology (DGA+VG) plus glyphosate in DR soybean at three timings: early POST (V1-V2), mid-POST (MPOST, V3-V4), and late POST (V5-V6/R1); with or without acetochlor as a layered residual POST. Laboratory experiments were conducted in 2019 to assess the role of formulation type, glyphosate and spray additives on solution pH. Two low tunnel field volatility experiments were conducted in 2019 to assess the influence of glyphosate and application timing of two dicamba formulations, DGA+VG and sodium salt of dicamba with diflufenzopyr (NA+DIF), and 2,4-D choline on soybean symptomology. In field experiments, POST application timing impacted weed control, weed seedbank deposits, and soybean grain yield at site-years with troublesome species (e.g. giant ragweed [Ambrosia trifida L.] and waterhemp [Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) J.D. Sauer]). MPOST (V3-V4) application timing was observed to optimize season long weed control while reducing weed seedbank deposits and preserving crop yield potential. In laboratory experiments, the addition of glyphosate strongly influenced pH of spray mixtures with dicamba or 2,4-D choline, often resulting in a final solution pH 10) observed in two of four application timings. Collectively, our results indicate a two-pass program, PRE fb MPOST, can be a successful weed control approach in Wisconsin. Growers should make applications when favorable weather conditions (low temperature, adequate wind) are present during and following application. Future work is needed to fully understand the interactions between environmental conditions and tank-mix components on dicamba OTM
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