1,720,992 research outputs found
Landscape Assessment (LA) - Land use and landscape metrics (500m buffers around LA plots)
No full textLand use classification and landscape metrics for 500m buffer landscapes around the centroids of 122 plots of the EFForTS-Landscape Assessment. Based on manual classifications by trained students and reviewed by local expert
Landscape Assessment Bat activity
No full textBat call data recorded during the Landscape Assessment via ultrasonic sound recordings
Predation of dummy caterpillars (CRC990 EFForTS - Landscape Assessment)
No full textPredation rates on dummies imitating caterpillars made from plasticine. Dummy caterpillars were deployed in 126 plots in the lowlands of Sumatra in 4 land use systems (forest, shrublands, rubber plantations, oil palm plantations). Dummies were exposed for 48 h in subplots B,C,D,E. Predation and predator identity were assessed via unique bitemarks in the plasticine
LA plot metadata of plot selection phase (EFForTS CRC 990 - Landscape Assessment)
No full textPreliminary plot metadata collected during plot selection phase to inform selection process
Lanscape Assessment bird data
No full textBird calls, bird richness and bird abundance via sound recordings from a subset of 58 plots of the Landscape Assessment
Balancing economic and ecological functions in smallholder and industrial oil palm plantations
No full textData used for the article: Wenzel et al. (accepted in PNAS): “Balancing economic and ecological functions in smallholder and industrial oil palm plantations”. (2024-02-17)
Please refer to the accompany READE file for further details and explanations
Wild bees benefit from low urbanization levels and suffer from pesticides in a tropical megacity
No full textEffects of local farm management on wild bees through temporal and spatial spillovers: evidence from Southern India
No full textAbstract
Context
The agricultural landscape in many low- and middle-income countries is characterized by smallholder management systems, often dependent on ecosystem services, such as pollination by wild pollinator populations. Increased adoption of modern inputs (e.g., agrochemicals) may threaten pollinators and smallholder crop production.
Objective
We aimed to identify the link between the use of agrochemicals and wild bee populations in Southern India, while explicitly considering the effects of temporal and spatial scaling.
Methods
For our empirical analysis, we combined data from pan trap samples and a farm management survey of 127 agricultural plots around Bangalore, India. We implemented a Poisson generalized linear model to analyze factors that influence bee abundance and richness with a particular focus on the present, past, and neighboring management decisions of farmers with respect to chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and irrigation.
Results
Our results suggest that agricultural intensification is associated with a decrease in the abundance and richness of wild bees in our study areas. Both time and space play an important role in explaining farm-bee interactions. We find statistically significant negative spillovers from pesticide use. Smallholders’ use of chemical fertilizers and irrigation on their own plots significantly decreases the abundance of bees. Intensive past management reduces both bee abundance and richness.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that cooperative behavior among farmers and/or the regulation of agrochemical use is crucial to moderate spatial spillovers of farm management decisions. Furthermore, a rotation of extensive and intensive management could mitigate negative effects.Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100007861AgBioResearch, Michigan State University http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100011138Georg-August-Universität Göttingen http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/50110000338
Promoting Sustainable Coffee Production: A Comparison of Economic and Ecological Indicators Under In-House and Third-Party Sustainability Standards in Rwanda
No full textVoluntary sustainability standards (VSS) have gained prominence in the agri-food sector as marketbased tools to address environmental and social concerns in global supply chains. While third-party certifications like Rainforest Alliance and Fairtrade have been extensively studied, company-led inhouse certifications, such as Starbucks’ C.A.F.E. Practices, remain underexplored. This paper examines the effects of in-house and third-party certifications on coffee farmers’ economic and ecological outcomes in Rwanda. Using survey data from 842 coffee farmers and ecological data from a subsample of 99 farmers, we explore the association between certifications and coffee revenues, costs, yields, vegetation structure, and animal diversity. Our findings indicate that third-party certifications enhance economic performance without compromising ecological conditions, whereas in-house certifications improve economic indicators at the expense of biodiversity. These findings underscore the need for policy measures that not only support the economic benefits of certification but also address potential ecological trade-offs, ensuring that sustainable development strategies benefit both farmers and the environment.Keywords: Sustainability standards; Third-party and in-house certifications; Economic outcomes; Ecological outcomes; Coffee; Rwanda.JEL Code: Q01, Q56, Q5
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