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An Efficient Algorithm for Mining Closed Frequent Inter-transaction Itemsets
No full text跨交易關聯規則可代表不同交易中項目間的關係，而近年來有愈來愈多相關的探勘演算法被提出，然而這些演算法會產生相當多的跨交易頻繁項目集合。找尋封閉性跨交易頻繁項目集合可使探勘的過程更有效率。
因此，在本篇論文中我們提出了一個探勘演算法叫「ICMiner」，以找尋封閉性跨交易頻繁項目集合。我們的方法可分為兩個階段。第一階段，將原始的資料庫轉換成領域屬性集合，使得每一個頻繁項目的領域屬性形成一個集合。第二階段，利用ID-tree去列舉出所有的封閉性跨交易頻繁項目集合。藉由ID-tree進行資料探勘，我們可以避免產生候選樣式及重複計算支持度。因此，ICMiner可大幅提升了找尋跨交易頻繁項目集合的效率。實驗結果顯示，ICMiner比FITI與ClosedPROWL快上幾十倍。Many algorithms have been proposed recently for finding inter-transaction association rules, which represent the relationships among itemsets across different transactions. Since numerous frequent inter-transaction itemsets will be generated, mining closed frequent inter-transaction itemsets can speed up the mining process.
Therefore, in this thesis, we propose an algorithm, ICMiner (Inter-transaction Closed patterns Miner), to mine closed frequent inter-transaction itemsets. Our proposed algorithm consists of two phases. First, we convert the original transaction database into a set of domain attributes, datset, for each frequent item. Second, we enumerate closed frequent inter-transaction itemsets by using an itemset-datset tree, ID-tree. Mining closed frequent inter-transaction itemsets with an ID-tree, we can avoid costly candidate generation and repeatedly support counting. The experimental results show that our proposed algorithm outperforms the FITI and ClosedPROWL algorithms by one order of magnitude.Table of Contents i
List of Figures ii
List of Tables iii
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
Chapter 2 Problem Definition 3
Chapter 3 Mining Closed Frequent Inter-transaction Itemsets 6
3.1 Pruning Strategies 6
3.1.1 ID-tree and Joinable Class 6
3.1.2 Pruning Strategies 8
3.2 Join Operation 9
3.3 The ICMiner Algorithm 11
3.4 An Example 13
3.5 Diffsets for Optimization 16
Chapter 4 Performance Evaluation 19
4.1 Generation of Synthetic Data 19
4.2 Experiments on Synthetic Data 20
4.2.1 Basic Experiments 20
4.2.2 Scale-up Experiments 22
4.2.3 Effect of the Maximum Span 25
4.2 Experiments on Real Data 26
Chapter 5 Conclusions and Future Work 29
References 3
Design a Colorblind Filter on a DTV Platform
No full text色盲或色弱並非是罕見的疾病，平均100人中就有5個人可能因先天遺傳或是後天的傷害而患有此類的疾病。這種疾病雖不嚴重但卻為病人帶來了許多生活上的不方便，即使是『看電視』這類普通的活動都不能從中獲得跟正常人一樣的樂趣；因此如何改善色盲患者的生活品質是個很值得探討的問題。隨著數位時代來臨，數位電視不僅為人們帶來了高品質的節目，各種數位資訊更能經由數位傳輸帶到每個家庭中，相較於傳統的類比電視，數位電視是個整合科技，除了提供互動式的節目外，更提供豐富的多媒體資訊，使得數位電視在未來將成為每個家庭的多媒體平台。因此數位電視平台提供了適當的機會讓我們可以為色盲使用者調整節目影像色彩，使得色盲使用者也可以提升生活品質及樂趣。在這篇論文裡，我們在數位電視平台上設計了一個色盲濾波器，提出了一個演算法，使得數位影像在播放之前能先調整過顏色，使色盲使用者能夠清楚辨認顏色的不同，這個演算法不但增加了色彩對比度，更會針對某些色盲使用者無法辨認的顏色做調整。另外還提出了一個確保在同一塊區域內合理改變顏色的機制，使得在同一塊區域內不會有某些顏色改變而某些顏色不變的情況發生。我們不但將此演算法以軟體驗證，更實現在硬體上以驗證它的執行速度及效能。Colorblind is not a rare disorder since 5% of people in the world have some sort of color deficiency. To improve convenience of life for colorblind people is an important issue. Digital TV system is an emerging technology that provides multimedia information and interactive services which are not possible in traditional analogue TV systems. Moreover, it offers opportunities to further process video or multimedia data for various purposes, for example, enhancing discrimination for colorblind users. In this thesis, we propose the DTV Colorblind Filter to analyze color component and adjust color by increasing contrast of video or re-coloring video on a DTV platform. We also propose a mechanism to refine color in the same region to make sure that re-coloring in the same region will be more reasonable. The filter can be integrated into digital TV set or a separate digital TV receiver to adjust color of each image before displaying. We implement partial operations of our algorithm on an FPGA to accelerate the process speed and to verify the efficiency of DTV Colorblind Filter. In light of the experimental result, the filter is being implemented in full scale.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS II
中文摘要 III
ABSTRACT IV
FIGURES VII
TABLES IX
Chapter 1 1
Introduction 1
Chapter 2 5
Preliminaries 5
2.1 Digital TV 5
2.2 YUV Color Space 6
2.3 Color Blindness 10
Chapter 3 12
DTV Colorblind Filter Architecture 12
3.1 Previous work 13
3.2 DTV Colorblind Filter 14
3.2.1 Architecture 14
3.2.2 Algorithm 16
3.2.3 Video Implementation 19
3.3 Color Smoothing 22
3.4 FPGA Implementation 23
Chapter 4 26
Experimental Results 26
4.1 Image Implementation 26
4.2 Video implementation 28
4.3 Performance Analysis 30
4.4 FPGA Simulation 32
4.4.1 VHDL Simulation 32
4.4.2 Performance 35
Chapter 5 38
Conclusion and Future Work 38
Bibliography 4
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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