1,721,002 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Study of host-pathogen interactions and new therapeutic approaches to treat Theileria infections
No full textUn cinquième des cancers sont d'origine infectieuse, soulignant l'importance de trouver de nouveaux traitements contre les infections microbiennes. Nous étudions un modèle expérimental unique de transformation leucocytaire, induite par Theileria, à la croisée des chemins entre les domaines des maladies infectieuses, du cancer et de l'épigénétique. Theileria est une famille de parasites intracellulaires appartenant au phylum des Apicomplexes ; ils sont liés à des agents pathogènes plus connus qui causent de graves maladies humaines (comme le Paludisme dû à Plasmodium ou Toxoplasma responsable de la Toxoplasmose). Theileria est un vrai maître dans la manipulation du réseau de signalisation de la cellule hôte et de l'épigénome de l'hôte bovin. Il a la remarquable capacité de transformer les leucocytes de l'hôte, provoquant des tumeurs de type lymphome chez les bovins et la mort du bétail avec de graves conséquences socio-économiques dans les pays d'Afrique et d'Asie. Nous avons mis en place des criblages basés sur la microscopie pour rechercher de nouveaux traitements contre la theilériose et des inhibiteurs du phénotype transformé par le parasite dans les cellules infectées. Nous avons testé un grand nombre de composés, notamment (i) une bibliothèque d'inhibiteurs anti-infectieux connus, pour rechercher des alternatives à la molécule anti-Theileriale, la Buparvaquone et (ii) une bibliothèque de composés développés comme inhibiteurs d'enzymes épigénétiques pour traiter le cancer. Le premier criblage a permis d'identifier une nouvelle molécule dont le mécanisme d'action n'implique pas l'oncoprotéine parasitaire sécrétée TaPin1. Nous avons découvert dans le second criblage de nouveaux composés ayant la capacité inattendue de réduire la survie des parasites sans impacter la prolifération des cellules hôtes. Nous avons développé des approches de « Click chemistry » et de protéomiques pour déterminer la cible de ces composés et caractériser leur mode d'action. Cela nous a permis de constater que la régulation de l'autophagie était primordiale dans le processus d'infection : elle serait inhibée par Theileria et réactivée suite au traitement. Au cours de ces études, nous avons également identifié une nouvelle marque d'histone spécifique du parasite (monométhylation H3K18), qui joue un rôle central dans le cycle de vie de Theileria et représente également une cible pour un potentiel traitement. Ces résultats combinés mettent en évidence différentes stratégies pour cibler soit les protéines parasitaires, soit les voies cellulaires de l'hôte afin de lutter contre l'infection parasitaire. Nous concluons que Theileria offre un modèle fascinant pour explorer la complexité des interactions hôte-parasite dans le but de développer de nouvelles thérapies anti-parasitaires et même anti-cancéreuses.Around 20% of cancers have an infectious origin, highlighting the importance of new treatments against microbial infections. We study the unique experimental model of Theileria-induced leukocyte transformation, at the cross-roads between the fields of infectious diseases, cancer and epigenetics. Theileria spp. are a family of intracellular parasites belonging to the Apicomplexa phylum; they are related to well-known pathogens that cause human diseases (such as Plasmodium that causes malaria or Toxoplasma that causes toxoplasmosis). Theileria parasites are masters of manipulating the host cell signaling network and bovine host epigenome. Theileria annulata has the remarkable ability to transform host leukocytes, causing lymphoma-like tumors in cattle and livestock fatality with serious socio-economic consequences in countries across Africa and Asia. We set up microscopy-based screens to search for new treatments against theileriosis and inhibitors of the parasite-transformed phenotypes in infected cells. We tested a large number of compounds, including (i) a library of known anti-infection inhibitors to search for alternatives to the anti-Theileria drug Buparvaquone, and (ii) a library of compounds developed as inhibitors of epigenetic enzymes to treat cancer. The former identified a novel drug which functions without targeting the secreted parasite oncoprotein TaPin1. The latter led us to novel compounds with the unexpected capacity to reduce parasite survival without impacting host cell proliferation. We developed "Click chemistry" and proteomics approaches to determine the target of these drugs and characterize their mode of action. We found that regulation of host cell autophagy appears to be critical for parasite survival and drug action. During these studies, we also identified a novel parasite-specific histone mark (H3K18 methylation), that plays a central role in the life cycle of Theileria and also represents a target for drug intervention. These combined findings highlight different strategies to target either parasite proteins or host cellular pathways in order to fight parasite infection. We conclude that Theileria offers a fascinating model to explore the complexity of parasite-host interactions in an attempt to develop novel therapeutics
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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