1,721,036 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
Socio-cultural aspects of lymphatic filariasis and the role of communities in its control in Ghana
Full text linkLymphatic Filariasis (LF) is one of the worlds most debilitating and disfiguring tropical
diseases. The World Health Organization estimates that there are about one billion people
at risk in about 80 countries worldwide. It is the world’s second leading cause of
permanent long-term disability and its prevalence continues to increase. The World Bank
development report indicates that the global burden for the disease was estimated at
850,000 DALY’s lost which represents only 0.23% of the global burden. In Africa, it is
estimated that some 4.6million cases of lymphoedema and over 10 million cases of
hydrocele occur. This represents 40% of the global burden of LF. In 1993, an independent international task force for disease eradication identified LF as
one of the only six eliminable infectious diseases. LF was selected because of recent
dramatic advances in treatment methods, both for controlling transmission and for
managing the disease along with remarkable improvement in techniques for diagnosing
filarial infections. The principal strategy for interrupting transmission then was to identify
areas in which LF is endemic and implement community wide programs to treat the
entire at risk population. In terms of managing the disease, the Global Program for the
Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF) plans that individuals already suffering
from elephantiasis will be taught effective hygiene measures that can easily be carried out
in the home. For men with hydrocele, surgery is the treatment choice and guidelines will
be developed and disseminated on good practical surgical procedures. The overall goal of the study was to determine the social and economic impact of LF and
examine the role communities can play in its control in a country where till recently, the
disease has been very low on the National Health Agenda. A number of studies were
conducted in four districts in Northern and Southern Ghana that were found to be
prevalent for Filariasis after a national Filariasis survey was conducted in the country in
1994. The overall prevalence in the North ranged between 20-40% and in the South
between 10-20%. There were no prior studies on Filariasis neither was there a National
control program in place before the conduct of these studies. The goal of these studies was achieved using a multi-disciplinary approach, to determine
how people recognize and perceive LF and the social and economic impact of the
disease. This involved extensive ethnographic work, and a morbidity and economic
surveillance. The information from the ethnographic phase was then used to develop
Information Education and Communication techniques with the help of community
members through the training of community workers and community leaders as
facilitators to guide the process. To develop effective and practical methods for
sustainable mass treatment of LF, two different methods of mass treatment of lymphatic
Filariasis with a single dose of Ivermectin were tried. Finally, the potential role of
traditional health care providers in the management of elephantiasis was investigated.
Focus group discussions, observation, key informant interviews, case studies and
structured questionnaires were used to elicit information from health care providers,
affected and unaffected individuals. The results indicate that, § LF is recognized as a problem in the study areas and there are specific local terms
used to describe the various manifestations.
§ There is the need to pay more attention to the needs of men with hydrocele.
§ Each of the ethnic groups studied have different conceptions and health care seeking
practices for the disease. This has implications for health education.
§ Communities are capable of developing their own IEC messages with the proper
guidance and building on their perceptions about the disease.
§ Community directed treatment for Filariasis achieved 75% treatment coverage and
can be effectively implemented through the regular health system
§ By building on positive existing local treatment practices, traditional healers can be a
useful resource in the management of lymphoedema through effective hygiene
measures. All these studies have been carried out in research settings. What is needed now is to
come up with practical ways of up-scaling and implementing these studies in the other
endemic districts in the country. This is the first time that in one report lymphatic
Filariasis has been looked at from lay perceptions to practical implementations. The
results contribute knowledge to the understanding of the disease in general and draws
attention to the fact that the male gender also needs to be paid attention to in tropical
disease research. It also raises the importance of including psychosocial aspects of
disease burden in the calculation of DALY’s and adds to the body of knowledge the
importance of traditional healers in particular and community effort in the global
program for the elimination of LF as a public health problem. The contribution of
anthropology in the study of the LF and the importance of the discipline in the study of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases are discussed. There are however a
number of issues that need further research and they include
1. Advocacy strategies to increase awareness about the disease and to ensure sustained
demand supply and distribution of Ivermectin at the National, Regional and District
level for the control of the disease
2. Stigma and the burden of filariasis especially in urban areas where LF is increasingly
becoming a problem.
3. We have recommended that the ComDT approach be implemented on a large scale
but there is the need to address issues on how cost effective will this kind of
intervention be
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