1,721,142 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Problem Structuring with the Systemic Enterprise Architecture Method : Representation of Systems and Value in Business Contexts and Integration with Operations Research Methods
No full textLAM
Visual contracts (VCs) : enriching graphical systemic models to support diagrammatic reasoning in system design
No full textModel-Driven Engineering (MDE) harbors the promise of developing software-based systems with little or no coding. Instead of coding, it is envisioned that software engineers build models that are automatically translated into code. The modeling notation of choice for model-driven methods is the Unified Modeling Language (UML). In UML, modelers are forced to separately model structure (class diagrams), behavior (activity, sequence diagrams), state (statecharts), and integrity constraints (OCL). This separation of models makes it difficult to understand the overall behavior of the resulting system. We propose a visual modeling notation, called visual contracts, for system specifications, which incorporate the four aspects (i.e., behavioral, structural, state and constraints) in a single diagram. From a UML point of view, this is a combination of an activity diagram, a class diagram, a statechart, and OCL code. Proposing a unified, diagrammatic notation for contracts requires advances in the following three dimensions: visual, formal and system-centric. We examine the current state of research in modeling notations for system specifications, in contracts and in visual notations. We then describe the main contribution of the thesis, the concept of Visual Contracts. Visual Contracts condense the four components of the specification –i.e. behavior, structure, state, and constraints– in a compact form. Visual Contracts contain all the elements required for a specification. Visual Contracts are based on set theory. They are formalized in Alloy. As this is a complementary approach to traditional, analytic specification techniques, we are able to express features that are difficult to express using notations such as UML. We consider that visual contracts, as a complement to UML, can be one of the aspects that can help model-driven approaches to fulfill their promise.LAM
Remote Data Acquisition Of Embedded Systems Using Internet Technologies: A Role-based Generic System Specification
No full textData Acquisition Systems (DAS) are the basis for building monitoring tools that enable the supervision of local and remote systems. DASs are complex systems. It is difficult for developers to compare proprietary generic DAS products and/or standards, and the design of a specific DAS is costly. In this thesis we propose an implementation independent specification, based on conceptual and role-based use case modeling, of a generic architecture for DASs. This generic DAS specification gives DAS developers an abstraction of DASs, it enables them to compare existing DAS products and standards, and it provides the DAS developers that aim to develop a specific DAS with a starting point for the design of a specific DAS. A generic system specification has many advantages. We propose patterns and techniques that are useful for the development of specifications of generic systems. Additionally, the generic DAS specification provides a case study on the development, based on conceptual and role-based use case modeling, of implementation independent specifications of generic systems that demonstrates, by means of an industrial example, the advantages of these techniques for the development of specifications of generic systems.LAM
Foundations of systems and properties : methodological support for modeling properties of software-intensive systems
No full textEngineering of software-intensive systems is concerned with the creation and evolution of systems that shall exhibit desired properties in their execution as well as development environment. In this context, the motivation of this thesis, derived from current development practice, was twofold. Firstly, software development methods are increasingly required to extend their scope of applicability towards systems engineering. As a consequence, their modeling approaches must be able to cope with a larger diversity of systems and consequently a larger diversity of properties. But these approaches still need to provide a smooth transition to software modeling. Secondly, non-functional properties, which are largely a result of this implicit systems scope, play a major role in the way we design our software-intensive systems. The conceptual aids of current development methods, however, are still less mature in their explicit support for non-functional properties compared with their ability to support functional ones. The principal objective of this thesis is to contribute toward an improved model-based treatment of non-functional properties in development methods. Because we cannot discuss properties independently of the objects they are ascribed to, this objective amounts to a progression from modeling of software and its properties to modeling of interrelated systems and their properties. To address this aim a philosophy of properties and systems is proposed. The philosophy is expressed as a holistic conceptual model of properties and/of systems. It is complemented with some basic rules, which we call tenets. Tenets formulate how we use the philosophical knowledge. The conceptual model offers the foundations for a more generalized understanding of those fundamentally different types of systems and different types of properties that are relevant in software-intensive systems engineering. The generality of our holistic model draws the benefits from our investigations in the areas of systems science, cognitive science, and basic philosophy. The model helps to scrutinize and make sense of the large amount of data in the literature about "non-functional" issues in software engineering. The model is applicable in the derivation of methodological building blocks that can be incorporated into development methods. The building blocks include (a) a general model to discover stakeholders and properties for a given system, (b) a principled manner to trace the fundamentally different types of properties through hierarchies of systems, and (c) a proposal for the representation of systems, their properties and property traces in the UML. The concrete application of the gained knowledge to software engineering results in a proposal for a context-sensitive, customizable quality attribute model. It also results in a proposal on how to structure quality descriptions of software components. In order for such descriptions to be standardized and possibly tool-automated, this thesis proposes to utilize the Reusable Asset Specification and suggests alternatives for its XML-based representation.LAM
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