760 research outputs found
Mutations in the Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida type III secretion system affect Atlantic salmon leucocyte activation and downstream immune responses
No full textDeletion mutants of Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida were used to determine the effect of the type three secretion system (TTSS) on Atlantic salmon anterior head kidney leucocytes (AHKL). One strain had a deletion in the outer membrane pore gene, ascC; and the other in three effector genes: aopO, aopH and aexT (we call this strain Δaop3). Host cell invasion success and 24h survival were depressed in ΔascC, as was 24h survival of Δaop3, when compared to the wild type strain. Challenge of AHKLs with A449 or TTSS mutants stimulated expression of the inflammatory mediators IL-8, IL-1 and TNFα at two bacterial concentrations (A600 0.1, 0.01). Expression of IL-12 was not stimulated in ΔascC challenged cells, whereas A449 and Δaop3 challenge resulted in an up-regulation of IL-12 in AHKLs, 2- and 4-fold higher than PBS, respectively. Only the wild type strain elicited a significant increase in IL-10 expression (5.5× at A600 0.1). Inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS) and arginase (I+II) genes were also significantly up-regulated upon exposure to all strains. However, iNOS:arginase ratio was elevated in the effector mutant challenge. These results suggest that A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida may enhance survival within the host cell through polarization of macrophages/leucocytes to an alternative, rather than classical, activation state. Furthermore, the short-term survival and lack of T-cell signalling cytokine stimulation in ΔascC, may help explain its inefficiency at providing protection to subsequent wild type challenge.ID: S1050464809002988; M3: Article; Accession Number: S1050464809002988; Author: Mark D. Fast (a, ∗); Author: Brenda Tse (b); Author: Jessica M. Boyd (c); Author: Stewart C. Johnson (d); Affiliation: School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-5000, USA; Affiliation: Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Affiliation: Pacific Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada; Keyword: Aeromonas salmonicida; Keyword: Type three secretion system; Keyword: Atlantic salmon; Keyword: SHK-1; Keyword: Gene expression; Keyword: Inflammation; Keyword: Activation; Keyword: Interleukin-1β; Keyword: (IL-1β); Keyword: Interleukin-10; Keyword: Interleukin-12; Number of Pages: 8; Language: English;Source type: Electronic(1
Nine years of video landers at the Oregon Department of Fish & Wildlife's Marine Resources Program
No full textLeif K. Rasmuson, Kelly A. Lawrence, Gregory K. Krutzikowsky, Jessica L. Watson, Lindsay Aylesworth, Robert W. Hannah, Brett T. Rodomsky, Brittany Huntington, Keith Matteson, Ryan R. Easton.Title from PDF title page (viewed on April 1, 2022).This archived document is maintained by the State Library of Oregon as part of the Oregon Documents Depository Program. It is for informational purposes and may not be suitable for legal purposes.Includes bibliographical references (pages 40-46).Mode of access: Internet from the Oregon Government Publications Collection.Text in English
Reintegration and Transition Following Active Duty: Identifying the Challenges for Veterans Returning From Deployment in Afghanistan and Iraq
No full textAbstract
Date Presented 4/1/2017
A thematic synthesis of 65 articles on veteran transitions following deployment revealed four themes to explain the dynamic veteran population and associated challenges with transition back into civilian life. Results indicate how practitioners can play a larger role in the reintegration process.
Primary Author and Speaker: Beth Ann Walker
Additional Authors and Speakers: Jessica Bramstedt, Kathryn J. Cleary, Sara T. Greer, Drew A. Teague</jats:p
Carbon: Phosphorus stoichiometry and food chain production
No full textIncident light was manipulated in large plankton towers containing algae, microbes, and herbivores. Paradoxically, food chain production was lower with greater light energy input. This apparent paradox is resolved by recognizing stoichiometric constraints to food chain production. At high light, elevated algal biomass was achieved mainly by increases in cellular carbon. Consumers have a high phosphorus demand for growth, and thus a large excess of carbon inhibited, rather than stimulated, their growth. These experiments may help us predict the consequences of anthropogenic perturbations in nutrients, carbon, and solar energy. They also may help us to understand the wide range of consumer biomass and production at a given level of primary productivity in ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]Peer reviewedfinal article publishedcarbonzooplanktontrophiclevelphytoplanktonphosphorusnutrient limitationenergybacteri
Educational and clinical aspects of peripheral nerve blockade
Get PDFEen continue perifere zenuwblokkade van de nervus-femoralis biedt patiënten bij het ondergaan van een totale knie arthroplastiek een betere postoperatieve pijnstilling dan intraveneuze of epidurale pijnbestrijding. Er werd onderzocht of een aanvullende de nervus-ischiadicusblockade tot een snellere mobilisatie, kortere ziekenhuisopname en nog betere postoperatieve pijnstilling leidt en of verschillen in het herstel op lange termijn ontstaan. Een aanvullende nervus-ischiadicusblokkade (continue of eenmalig) bij een continue nervus-femoralisblokkade bleek een significant betere postoperatieve pijnstilling te bieden, maar bespoedigde niet de mobilisatie en het ziekenhuisontslag en had geen invloed op het herstel op lange termijn. Vervolgens werd ingegaan op de vraag wat de komst van nieuwe technische ontwikkelingen zoals hoog frequente echografie betekent voor de training en klinische toepassing van perifere zenuwblokkades. Uit analyse en onderzoek bleek dat de uitvoering van echogeleide perifere zenuwblokkades specifieke training vergt, die ondersteund kan worden met een tutorial in het echoapparaat. In een ander onderzoek werd met echografie aangetoond dat de techniek van het elektrisch stimuleren van de huid voor het lokaliseren van oppervlakkige zenuwen bij perifere zenuwblokkades onbetrouwbaar is. Bij gebruik van echo voor een axillaire plexus-brachialisblokkade bleek aanpassing van de schouder (180° naar boven gedraaid) de echografische visualisatie van de n. ulnaris en n. medianis te verbeteren, terwijl bij de n. radialis uitsluitend de toegankelijkheid verbeterde. Echografische begeleiding bij het uitvoeren van perifere zenuwblokkades maakt een reductie van de hoeveelheid lokaal anesthesticum mogelijk, maar onderzoek toonde aan dat dit tot een significante afname in werkingsduur van de blokkade leidt
Sexists observing sexism: consequences for female targets of benevolent and hostile sexism
No full textA growing body of research has documented the deleterious effects of benevolent sexism on women‟s performance, self-construals of competence, and acceptance of gender inequality (Barreto, Ellemers, Piebinga, & Moya, 2010; Dardenne, Dumont, & Bollier, 2007; Jost & Jay, 2005). Less research has examined perceptions of women who are the victims of benevolent sexism. Notably, Good and Rudman (2010) found that hostile sexist observers were particularly likely to punish a gender atypical female job applicant when she was treated with benevolent sexism by a male interviewer as opposed to hostile sexism or no sexism. The current research builds upon this finding to test a novel Model of Incongruent Sexism (MIS), in which ambivalent sexist perceivers‟ evaluations of a female target vary as a function of her gender typicality and the type of sexist treatment she receives. Study 1 (N = 281) tested the MIS by having undergraduate participants read a job interview transcript featuring a woman applying for a gender typical vs. atypical job, who was treated with benevolent vs. hostile sexism by a male interviewer. Results did not support the MIS in its current form, but indicated that hostile sexist observers punished a female job candidate regardless of her gender typicality. In Study 2 (N = 269) undergraduate participants listened to an audio recording of a job interview featuring a female applicant applying for a gender atypical job who either accepted or rejected a benevolent sexist male interviewer‟s treatment. Results showed that observers who evaluated the male sexist interviewer favorably tended to rate the applicant as less competent and therefore less hireable. When the applicant rejected the benevolent sexist treatment, female observers evaluated the applicant as more competent and the interviewer as less favorable; however this pattern was not found for men. Across both studies, a novel measure of appearance gender typicality was tested, showing preliminary reliability, convergent, and discriminant validity. Implications for reducing sexism in the workplace are discussed.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical referencesby Jessica J. Goo
Rebirth of the author in Cyberspace: A comparative analysis of cyberpower of the imaginary in the weblogs of Jessica Zafra and Ian Rosales Casocot
No full textThis research project appropriates the cyberpower of the imaginary concept of Tim Jordan in analyzing the weblogs of Jessica Zafra (jessicarulestheuniverse.com) and Ian Rosales Casocot (eatingthesun.blogspot.com). Cyberpower of the imaginary is conceived in relation to two other spheres – cyberpower of the individual and the social. But for the present study, the focus is on the imaginary, which as shall be seen, traverses the two other realms. Four factors come into play in forming a coherent cyberpower of the imaginary framework. These are the concepts of the cyborg; information codes, herein taken to be embodied by hypertextuality; the Panopticon; and the transcendental community of mind. In studying each aspect, other studies had been incorporated such as Donna Harraway’s cyborg consciousness, George P. Landow’s Hypertext as Reconfiguring the Author-Figure, Michel Foucault’s “What is An Author?”, and Benedict Anderson’s Imagined Community. The analysis reveals that both Zafra and Casocot embody cyborg consciousness as conceptualized by Donna Harraway. This is manifested in their oneness with technology, projection of “animal-like” personalities, irreverence for the natural order of things, constant self reinvention, resistance to established norms, and manipulation of language. However, there are still significant differences between the two as they treat their blogs differently, with Zafra treating hers as an online column and portfolio for her views while Casocot using his blog more as a confessional medium. Analysis also shows that the author-figure is indeed reconfigured in the blogs of both literary writers using Landow’s framework. The hypertextual characteristics of Landow are also embodied by the two blogs. And these results were arrived at after studying the entries of the two writers, as well as the comments posted by their readers. Cyborg consciousness and hypertextuality are associated with the utopian ideal of Jordan’s
imagined community in cyberspace. The opposite side of this ideal is total surveillance, symbolized by Foucault’s Panopticon which is based on the inspection
house designed by Jeremy Bentham. Both the writers (Zafra and Casocot) and their readers exhibit subversion of the subjectivity formed by this tool of disciplinary power. This subversion manifested in the interchangeable roles of the blog creators and readers is achieved precisely because Zafra and Casocot are cyborgs, whose very nature is subversive.
Lastly, Zafra and Casocot’s blogs form distinct imagined communities that appear to be on the verge of achieving transcendence but has not reached it yet. Most of their readers appear satisfied with remaining largely as onlookers of or lurkers in their blogs or choose to actively participate only on issues from which they will derive a material benefit.
After having examined the blogs of Zafra and Casocot using Tim Jordan’s cyberpower of the imaginary as the framework of the study, the results of the study seem to gravitate towards one definite conclusion: that the death of the author which Foucault predicted has not materialized. The blogs of Zafra and Casocot have shown that the traditional author described by Foucault in his essay has indeed been altered, but in its place, a cyborg-author has emerged. This cyborg-author embodies the characteristics propounded by Harraway, and at the same time, manifests the authorial tendency to retain power even as this power is distributed in different forms and quantities to the readers
Correction to: Vaccination against galectin-1 promotes cytotoxic T-cell infiltration in melanoma and reduces tumor burden (Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy, (2022), 71, 8, (2029-2040), 10.1007/s00262-021-03139-4)
No full textThe article Vaccination against galectin-1 promotes cytotoxic T-cell infltration in melanoma and reduces tumor burden, written by Julia Femel, Luuk van Hooren, Melanie Herre, Jessica Cedervall, Falk Saupe, Elisabeth J. M. Huijbers, Danielle R. J. Verboogen, Matthias Reichel, Victor L. Thijssen, Arjan W. Grifoen, Lars Hellman, Anna Dimberg and Anna-Karin Olsson, was originally published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal on 11 January 2021 without open access. With the author(s)’ decision to opt for Open Choice the copyright of the article changed on 08 February 2022 t
Multidimensional analyses of proinsulin peptide-specific regulatory T cells induced by tolerogenic dendritic cells
No full textInduction of antigen-specific regulatory T cells (Tregs) in vivo is the holy grail of current immune-regulating therapies in autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes. Tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDCs) generated from monocytes by a combined treatment with vitamin D and dexamethasone (marked by CD52hi and CD86lo expression) induce antigen-specific Tregs. We evaluated the phenotypes of these Tregs using high-dimensional mass cytometry to identify a surface-based T cell signature of tolerogenic modulation. Naïve CD4+ T cells were stimulated with tolDCs or mature inflammatory DCs pulsed with proinsulin peptide, after which the suppressive capacity, cytokine production and phenotype of stimulated T cells were analysed. TolDCs induced suppressive T cell lines that were dominated by a naïve phenotype (CD45RA+CCR7+). These naïve T cells, however, did not show suppressive capacity, but were arrested in their naïve status. T cell cultures stimulated by tolDC further contained memory-like (CD45RA-CCR7-) T cells expressing regulatory markers Lag-3, CD161 and ICOS. T cells expressing CD25lo or CD25hi were most prominent and suppressed CD4+ proliferation, while CD25hi Tregs also effectively supressed effector CD8+ T cells. We conclude that tolDCs induce antigen-specific Tregs with various phenotypes. This extends our earlier findings pointing to a functionally diverse pool of antigen-induced and specific Tregs and provides the basis for immune-monitoring in clinical trials with tolDC.Computer Graphics and Visualisatio
Next-generation prognosis framework for pediatric spinal deformities using bio-informed deep learning networks
No full textPredicting pediatric spinal deformity (PSD) from X-ray images collected on the patient’s initial visit is a challenging task. This work builds on our previous method and provides a novel bio-informed framework based on a mechanistic machine learning technique with dynamic patient-specific parameters to predict PSD. We provide a geometry-based bone growth model that can be utilized in a range of applications to enhance the bio-informed mechanistic machine learning framework. The proposed technique is utilized to examine and predict spine curvature in PSD cases such as adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. The best fit of a segmented 3D volumetric geometry of the human spine acquired from 2D X-ray images is employed. Using an active contour model based on gradient vector flow snakes, the anteroposterior and lateral views of the X-ray images are segmented to derive the 2D contours surrounding each vertebra. Using minimal user input, the snake parameters are calibrated and automatically computed over the dataset, resulting in fast image segmentation and data collection. The 2D segmented outlines of each vertebra are transformed into a 3D image segmentation result. The Iterative Closest Point mesh registration technique is then used to establish a mesh morphing approach and creates a 3D atlas spine model. Using the comprehensive 3D volumetric model, one can automatically extract spinal geometry data as inputs to the mechanistic machine learning network. Moreover, the proposed bio-informed deep learning network with the modified bone growth model achieves competitive or even superior performance against other state-of-the-art learning-based methods.Please check and confirm if the author names and initials are correct for “Yongjie Jessica Zhang” and “Wing Kam Liu”.We confirm they are correct.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Emerging MaterialsApplied Ergonomics and Desig
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