132,813 research outputs found
Weder magisch noch realistisch
No full textAuthor Ricardo Romero and journalist Hernán D. Caro discuss Latin American literature, magical realism and narrative echoes
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
A cloud for global good: Exploring hypermodal corporate strategies for communicating Microsoft’s CSR
No full textPurpose. Drawing on an interdisciplinary methodological framework related to CSR, the present study focuses on how communication reflects the symbiotic relation existing between CSR and diversity management (DM), and specifically delves into the discursive strategies related to diversity commitment and management as disclosed through online external corporate communication.
Methodology. Based on a social semiotics perspective upon multimodal discourse analysis, the paper explores what types of multimodal knowledge about social actors and actions are communicated in a persuasive CSR discourse, and what kinds of legitimating and evaluative strategies are employed. The model is applied to the specific case of Microsoft. The collected hypermodal data comprise webpages from the company’s Global Diversity and Inclusion website including both verbal and visual elements.
Findings. The results show how the meaning-making potentials of written text and images are discursively integrated on the corporate website dedicated to DM, and how this multimodal integration influences the hypermodal corporate strategies for communicating about diversity and responsibility. It also reveals the semiotic modes’ interconnectivity and functional differentiation in the digital context of CSR communication.
Originality/value. This study contributes theoretically to building bridges between the two management concepts and practices of CSR and DM by showing how, in communication, diversity commitment and management are integral to internal CSR. On a methodological level, it contributes by extending the focus of analysis from text exclusively, to several semiotic modes while also addressing their interconnectivity and functional differentiation. Another contribution is related to the qualitative approach to web data that favors a fine-grained critical exploration of meaning construction over quantitative content description
Managing Corporate Guilt in CSR Reports. A Discourse Perspective
No full textPurpose. This paper aims to study how high-profile financial-services companies manage guilt discursively in their CSR reports, after having been convicted of wrongdoings such as bribery, money laundering, or fraud and sentenced to pay enormous fines. This paper challenges the value of CSR reports by examining how ethical wrongdoings are integrated into such reports and to what extent they change corporate CSR commitments in the ensuing years.
Design/methodology/approach. We will first identify high-profile cases of corporate wrongdoings in the US financial industry. 50 cases will be identified via the Factiva database, through a search limited to the financial industry, to the words "fined" and "fine" in the title or lead paragraph, and to the year 2014. The latter limit is set in order to be able to study the post-conviction discourse. We will conduct a critical discourse analysis of relevant sections of these companies‘ CSR reports from 2013-2016/2017 in order to examine how they manage their guilt discursively in the years that follow and whether their CSR commitments have changed compared to the years before the conviction.
Social implications. The results will provide a better understanding of the usefulness of CSR reports to external readers, as the study looks at the extent to which companies are willing to deal with their own misconduct in their CSR reports.
Originality/value. By taking concrete cases of wrongdoings as a starting point coupled with a longitudinal design, this paper provides insights into overt and covert ways in which companies manage guilt discursively
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Scholarly Communication and Publishing Lunch and Learn Talk #11: The ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund
No full textAt the May 2014 talk, you will learn about the ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund--what it is, why we do it, how it works, and how the program is going so far
Switzerland.s Rise to a Wealthy Nation: Competition and Contestability as Key Success Factors
No full textThis paper argues that economic competition and political contestability are two key determinants of the successful development of the Swiss economy in the nineteenth and twentieth century. We describe how Switzerland evolved from a relatively poor country with no natural resources and net emigration in 1800 to one of the richest countries of the world two hundred years later. Based on quantitative and qualitative evidence, we argue that early internationalization, open and flexible markets as well as a high degree of competition were crucial for the development of the Swiss economy. In addition, the Swiss political system with its direct democratic elements and the implemented principle of subsidiarity created political contestability that maintained government efficiency and led to political stability throughout history. The combination of these elements seems to explain the Swiss success, but also to make it difficult for otherSwitzerland, development, growth, competition, contestability
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