1,721,016 research outputs found
Onkologie für die Palliativmedizin
No full textÜber 90% der in der spezialisierten Palliativversorgung betreuten Patienten leiden an einer Krebserkrankung. Sowohl der Impuls einer frühzeitigen, bedürfnisorientierten palliativmedizinischen Mitbehandlung als auch die erheblichen Weiterentwicklungen einer (zunehmend molekular definierten) Onkologie erfordern, dass auch die in der Palliativversorgung Tätigen ein Grundverständnis von Tumorbiologie, von modernen onkologischen Therapiekonzepten und von supportivtherapeutischen Möglichkeiten haben. Dieses Buch möchte dieses Grundverständnis von Krebs und onkologischer Behandlung in einer auch für Nicht-Onkologen verständlichen Form vermitteln und richtet sich vor allem an jene, die in der palliativmedizinischen Betreuung krebskranker Menschen involviert sind: Palliativärzte, Palliativpflegende, aber auch Haus- und Fachärzte, Physiotherapeuten, Seelsorger, Psychotherapeuten und viele mehr. Es will kein Lehrbuch der Onkologie ersetzen, sondern eine praxisorientierte, therapie- und versorgungsrelevante Hilfestellung im (palliativ-)medizinischen Arbeitsalltag sein – dort, wo es um eine umfassende Unterstützung von Krebspatienten geht. Das Buch ist ein Projekt der „AG Interdisziplinäre Onkologie“ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Palliativmedizin (DGP)
Eine bundesweite Onlinebefragung
No full textObjectives The aim of this study was to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the efforts taken to contain it on specialized palliative homecare (SPHC) practice from the perspective of SPHC team leaders.Methods In this cross-sectional study, an online questionnaire with quantitative and qualitative questions was developed and used, focusing on the experience of SAPV in the first and second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. In a structured recruitment process, all German SPHC teams (n=357) were invited to participate. Results From 10/10/2020 to 07/01/2021, 154 SPHC teams participated (response rate 43%). They described clear effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on their activities. Despite pandemic-related problems with staff availability (78.5%), patient care was ensured without major problems. The number of patients to be cared for remained stable for most teams, was increasing for some, and decreasing only for a few. A central factor was the switch from direct contact with patients and their relatives to telephone contact. Additional complicating factors were the general avoidance of contacts, compliance with hygiene regulations for necessary personal contacts, and pandemic-related uncertainties and fears, both among the team itself and among relatives and patients. The procurement of protective equipment was a challenge during the first wave. Problems in collaboration with network partners (e. g., nursing homes and volunteer hospice services) had decreased over the course of the pandemic, but were greater than before in all areas. Many measures to cope with the pandemic challenges were implemented, others were assessed as useful but not implemented, and others as not useful or feasible. Conclusions SPHC teams report that despite the need to adapt many processes to the pandemic situation, they have managed to maintain patient care, although under more difficult conditions
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Effectiveness of two types of palliative home care in cancer and non-cancer patients: A retrospective population-based study using claims data
No full textBackground: Comparative effectiveness of different types of palliative homecare is sparsely researched internationally—despite its potential to inform necessary decisions in palliative care infrastructure development. In Germany, specialized palliative homecare delivered by multi-professional teams has increased in recent years and factors beyond medical need seem to drive its involvement and affect the application of primary palliative care, delivered by general practitioners who are supported by nursing services. Aim: To compare effectiveness of primary palliative care and specialized palliative homecare in reducing potentially aggressive interventions at the end-of-life in cancer and non-cancer. Design: Retrospective population-based study with claims data from 95,962 deceased adults in Germany in 2016 using multivariable regression analyses. Settings/participants: Patients having received primary palliative care or specialized palliative homecare (alone or in addition to primary palliative care), for at least 14 days before death, differentiating between cancer and non-cancer patients. Results: Rates of potentially aggressive interventions in most indicators were higher in primary palliative care than in specialized palliative homecare ( p < 0.01), in both cancer and non-cancer patients: death in hospital (odds ratio (OR) 4.541), hospital care (OR 2.720), intensive care treatment (OR 6.749), chemotherapy (OR 2.173), and application of a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (OR 4.476), but not for parenteral nutrition (OR 0.477). Conclusion: Specialized palliative homecare is more strongly associated with reduction of potentially aggressive interventions than primary palliative care in the last days of life. Future research should identify elements of specialized palliative homecare applicable for more effective primary palliative care, too. German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00014730).Background: Comparative effectiveness of different types of palliative homecare is sparsely researched internationally—despite its potential to inform necessary decisions in palliative care infrastructure development. In Germany, specialized palliative homecare delivered by multi-professional teams has increased in recent years and factors beyond medical need seem to drive its involvement and affect the application of primary palliative care, delivered by general practitioners who are supported by nursing services. Aim: To compare effectiveness of primary palliative care and specialized palliative homecare in reducing potentially aggressive interventions at the end-of-life in cancer and non-cancer. Design: Retrospective population-based study with claims data from 95,962 deceased adults in Germany in 2016 using multivariable regression analyses. Settings/participants: Patients having received primary palliative care or specialized palliative homecare (alone or in addition to primary palliative care), for at least 14 days before death, differentiating between cancer and non-cancer patients. Results: Rates of potentially aggressive interventions in most indicators were higher in primary palliative care than in specialized palliative homecare ( p < 0.01), in both cancer and non-cancer patients: death in hospital (odds ratio (OR) 4.541), hospital care (OR 2.720), intensive care treatment (OR 6.749), chemotherapy (OR 2.173), and application of a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (OR 4.476), but not for parenteral nutrition (OR 0.477). Conclusion: Specialized palliative homecare is more strongly associated with reduction of potentially aggressive interventions than primary palliative care in the last days of life. Future research should identify elements of specialized palliative homecare applicable for more effective primary palliative care, too. German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00014730)
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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