1,721,033 research outputs found
Microfluidics systems for sustainable pharmaceutical manufacturing and biological analysis
No full textThe growing accessibility to microfluidics and its proclivity for producing high-quality results have propelled the technology into an area of wide-scale interest; however, this rapid growth has come to a point where it must be matched by inherent sustainable practices to ensure its longevity. The applications of microfluidics are diverse, from medicinal formulation to complex analyte detection, further increasing the need for establishing sustainable methodologies. Factors such as experimental design, time efficiency, and cost viability are all feasible avenues to pursue, with the goal of improving the sustainability of microfluidics, whilst maintaining the previously established quality obtained during the initial growth of microfluidics. A particular focus upon the effective training of the microfluidic operator is highlighted, which can improve the likelihood of experimental success, consequently reducing waste produced. From a sustainability viewpoint, microfluidics is assessed in this chapter, in terms of its environmental, economic, and social factors, for manufacturing and analytical purposes in the pharmaceutical field. The aim of this chapter is to ensure that the future generation of microfluidic users will work with a consideration as to the sustainable impact that will come as consequence of scientific experimentation.<br/
Microfluidics: current and future perspectives
No full textThe advancement of microfluidics (MFs) for use in a variety of fields has pushed forward technology in many areas, including rapid diagnostics, point-of-care devices, therapeutic manufacturing, and non-animal trial methods for the testing of therapeutics and cosmetics. The importance of MFs was especially highlighted by the role they played in the COVID-19 pandemic, both in the manufacturing of COVID vaccines and in rapid antigen tests that were used widely in clinical and non-clinical settings. In this chapter, the most recent of these advancements in these fields will be discussed. Additionally, ways in which the field of MFs could change in order to push forward further progress will be discussed along with what potential advancements in adjacent fields would be useful for the continued improvement and expansion of MFs.<br/
Application of microfluidics in cancer diagnosis and treatment
No full textCancer is one of the leading causes of mortality globally, with a possibility to prevent many of these incidents via enhancing lifestyle habits and early detection through screening for better interventional outcomes. Current conventional analytical methods lack specificity and sensitivity, also requiring invasive methods to obtain samples. Thus, with the advancement in health-related technologies, microfluidic (MF)-based technology provides a reliable opportunity in early detection, isolation and separation of cancer cells and biomarkers without sacrificing sensitivity and specify. Also, it can be used for new drug development and screening. The MF devices are fast, cheap, and with future options to be integrated with next generations technologies such as artificial intelligence.<br/
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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