1,720,953 research outputs found
The Determinants of Profitability of Commercial Banks: A Case of Kenyan Banks.
No full textA Project Report Submitted to the Chandaria School of Business in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Masters in Business Administration (MBA).This study assesses the factors that influence bank profitability in Kenya. The factors that influence banks profitability are numerous, hence the classification of the factors into 3 generic categories; bank-specific factors, industry-specific factors and macro-economic factors. This study has three objectives; to identify the effect of bank-specific factors on profitability level of commercial banks in Kenya, to examine the effect of industry-specific factors on profitability level of commercial banks in Kenya, and to determine the effect of macro-economic factors on profitability level of commercial banks in Kenya.
This study uses secondary research approach due to the availability of secondary data as well as the projected challenges associated with sourcing primary data from commercial banks in Kenya. Additionally, a census approach is recommended due to the relatively small number of cases as well as the relatively high diversity of the cases. The study has a population of 43 commercial banks, although one bank (Charterhouse Bank) was under receivership during the period of the study hence its exclusion from the population. Data analysis has been conducted using the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences), which is an acceptable software application commonly used in the analysis of quantitative data. Presentation of data has been done in the format of tables and figures. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics have been used in this study.
The study finds that bank specific factors present mixed results although in each case, the correlations are significant. That is, bank capitalization has a negative correlation with profitability, while bank size has a positive correlation with profitability. Industry specific factors have a significant negative correlation with bank profitability. That is, both industry concentration and market growth have a significant negative correlation with bank profitability. Macro-economic factors in both instances have significant negative correlation with bank profitability. That is, both GDP (Gross Domestic Product) and interest rates have a significant negative correlation with bank profitability.
Bank specific factors are internal factors that are within the control of internal stakeholders, i.e. management and board of directors. Therefore, these factors can be monitored, controlled, and directed to achieve the desired results, i.e. profitability. Hence, a bank’s internal stakeholders should ensure minimal bank capitalization as well as maximize bank size (total net assets) to achieve maximum bank profitability. The industry regulator can encourage new entrants or growth by minimizing bank capitalization requirements, or increase barrier to entry (promote consolidation) by increasing bank capitalization requirements. Industry specific factors are beyond the direct control of internal stakeholders (management and board of directors, but are a result of the dynamics and structure of the industry players.
This study recommends that, to achieve bank profitability, monopolistic tendencies should be discouraged through specific policy and decisions to encourage competitive behavior. Additionally, banks should limit customer deposit levels to the bare minimum to maximize profitability. The industry regulator can use customer deposit ratios/requirements to encourage or discourage bank profitability thereby limit new entrants (encourage consolidation) through increased customer deposit requirements or encourage new entrants by reducing the customer deposit requirements. Macro-economic factors are also external environmental factors, over which internal stakeholders (management and board of directors) have no control. This study recommends that banks should puts in place monitoring mechanisms and contingency plans for macro-economic factors so that management response to their movements can be proactive – strategic response. Increasing GDP should prompt banks to put in place robust pricing strategy, focus on volume business, improved operational efficiency. Increasing interest rates should prompt bank management to broaden and deepen income streams (except income from loans and advances), focus on non-interest income (except investment in government securities)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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