1,721,007 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
William Maxwell: A selected critical biography
No full textThis authorized critical biography provides the first book-length scholarship on William Maxwell's sixty-year career as a fiction writer, and reveals his literary life through research including his personal correspondence and interviews conducted specifically for this project. The study--which focuses on the novels They Came Like Swallows (1937), The Folded Leaf (1945), The Chateau (1961), and So Long, See You Tomorrow (1980)--examines how Maxwell's career reflects the course of American writing as it has evolved in this century. The author's body of writing represents a natural progression from the traditional novel to the postmodern, from lyricism to minimalism, and suggests significant development in his depiction of the self in autobiographical fiction. At the end of Maxwell's career, the parallel explorations of narrative craft and self-representation merge in So Long, See You Tomorrow, an autobiographical metafiction.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T14:24:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 1994Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding ([email protected]) on 2011-05-07T15:06:23Z
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Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Mining the garrison of racial prejudice: The fiction of Charles W. Chesnutt and turn-of-the-century White racial discourse
No full text"This dissertation analyzes the fiction of Charles Waddell Chesnutt (1858-1932), the first black fiction writer published by a major American firm and widely reviewed and read by white critics and readers. My analysis focuses on the conflict between Chesnutt's anti-racism and his attempt to make his critiques less threatening to his white publishers, critics, and readers. In order to demonstrate the ideological and discursive forces that Chesnutt resisted, I juxtapose his works with fiction and nonfiction prose by popular white authors and reviews of his work by white critics. Chapter One provides the biographical, historical, ideological, and literary contexts of Chesnutt's work. Each of the following five chapters examines one of Chesnutt's books of fiction alongside literature by whites which deals with similar subjects and often expresses popular racist assumptions that Chesnutt's fiction contests. Each chapter also demonstrates how white reviewers of his work often reiterated the racism that he resisted and dismissed him as a biased ""Negro"" author. Chapter Two interprets Chesnutt's collection of plantation tales The Conjure Woman (1899) along with plantation fiction by Thomas Nelson Page and Joel Chandler Harris and pro-slavery nonfiction essays by Page and Philip Alexander Bruce. Chapter Three examines the treatment of miscegenation and depiction of mulattoes in Chesnutt's collection of stories The Wife of His Youth (1899) in conjunction with anti-miscegenation literature by Page, Thomas Dixon, Jr., William Smith, and William Calhoun. Chapter Four focuses on the issue of passing and the ""tragic octoroon"" convention in Chesnutt's novel The House Behind the Cedars (1900) and in novels by William Dean Howells, Gertrude Atherton, and Albion Tourgee. Chapter Five analyzes how Chesnutt's 1901 novel The Marrow of Tradition critiques the black disfranchisement, segregation, and racial violence defended by Page, Dixon, Calhoun, Smith, and Bruce. Chapter Six interprets Chesnutt's critique of sectional conflict and the ""New South Creed"" in his 1905 novel The Colonel's Dream along with Henry Grady's 1886 ""New South"" speech and literature by Tourgee, Harris, Page, Dixon, and Bruce. Chapter Seven briefly surveys the neglect and subsequent recovery of Chesnutt's fiction since his death, and emphasizes the importance of studying his work in its historical, ideological, and literary contexts."Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T14:08:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 1995Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding ([email protected]) on 2011-05-07T15:03:19Z
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Gender and community: Womanist and feminist perspectives in the fiction of Toni Morrison, Amy Tan, Sandra Cisneros, and Louise Erdrich
No full textThe forms of feminism that are articulated in the constructions of gender identity in the fiction of Toni Morrison, Amy Tan, Sandra Cisneros, and Louise Erdrich arise from and vary with their constructions of community. In the U.S., the women's suffrage movement and the mainstream feminist movements of the past three decades have concentrated on challenging middle-class Euroamerican patriarchal definitions of womanhood. Women of color and working class women have, for the most part, worked independently of predominantly middle-class Euroamerican feminist organizations and often within the context of movements for racial and economic justice, recognizing the multiple forms of oppression that they live under. The feminism that is articulated by women of color and working class women recognizes the complex interrelations among patriarchy, racism, and the class structure, giving rise to a multiplicity of notions of womanhood that decenter both Euroamerican patriarchal constructs of the feminine and middle-class Euroamerican feminist categories of oppression and resistance. It is a feminism that opposes not only gender hierarchies but racial and economic hierarchies, while recognizing the culturally specific experiences of women across cultures. This feminism--U.S. third world feminism or, to use Alice Walker's term, womanism--is articulated in the fiction of Toni Morrison, Sandra Cisneros, and Louise Erdrich. The gender identities of their characters arise concretely from the particularities of the communities in which those characters live. Amy Tan's focus contrasts with theirs: she articulates a liberal feminism that bases itself on a universal, cross-cultural set of experiences that prioritizes gender oppression over racial or economic oppression.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T13:11:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 1995Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding ([email protected]) on 2011-05-07T14:51:25Z
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Promotion and views on tinnitus self-help within United Kingdom National Health Service audiology departments
No full textSelf-help has the potential to provide low-cost and effective ways of improving access to psychological support for people with tinnitus. When developing and evaluating resources it is important to consider issues that may influence successful implementation. This Survey explored clinicians’ use and views on self-help, and barriers to implementation. An online survey was distributed to 220 UK audiology departments. One-hundred and twenty-four clinicians responded to the survey (91 audiologists, 32 hearing therapists, 1 clinical psychologist), each representing a different tinnitus department. Two-thirds of respondents reported providing or recommending self-help resources. Potential benefits were patient empowerment and providing a means of engaging patients in their care. Almost half of respondents felt that there is insufficient training or guidance for clinicians on using or promoting self-help. Clinicians felt that for patients with low-level tinnitus severity, self-help may reduce the number of audiology appointments required. For patients with more complex needs self-help may be useful to engage with between clinical appointments. Further research is needed to determine effectiveness, who benefits, and by what mechanism, before clinicians can confidently recommend or implement self-help. Clinicians will benefit from formal guidance on promoting and supporting use of self-help for tinnitus
Time and timelessness in Robert Frost's lyrics
No full textSharon Cameron argues persuasively that lyrics isolate moments, freeing them from the sequential, causal flow of ordinary time. Robert Frost's lyrics, however, demonstrate that often the speakers who describe such timeless moments are themselves anchored in particular moments and cannot escape linear time; the majority of Frost's lyrics posit someone speaking in a moment temporally related to the lyric moment. In this study I trace temporal conflicts that arise between timeless, narrated moments in Frost's lyrics and the temporally anchored moments from which speakers narrate the poems. Such conflicts highlight contradictions at the heart of the lyric form--both in Frost's work and in all lyrics."After discussing the temporal dynamics of lyric poems, in Chapter 2 I examine Frost's dramatic suspensions, poems like ""The Pasture"" which are caught between temporal isolation and the pull of time. Speakers in these poems describe moments occurring just before some impending event: the moment's dramatic consequences arouse narrative expectations about succeeding moments, but the speaker severs such narrative ties, isolating the moment lyrically."In other poems speakers' connections to time limit the timelessness of lyric moments. Chapter 3 examines speakers who subordinate narrated moments to the moment of speaking, by imposing generalizations on those moments or by calling attention to them as narrated moments. Some lyrics approach timelessness despite these limitations: Chapter 4 discusses speakers whose memories or imaginations expand the temporal bounds of isolated moments. Often, however, these speakers reassert their own ties to linear time, despite escaping time temporarily."Chapter 5 discusses poems that resist narrative hindrances and move towards timelessness. In some cases, speakers narrate epiphanically inclusive moments, as in ""Iris by Night""; other speakers question such moments: ""For Once, Then, Something"" equivocates while describing a doubtful vision. Some speakers simply lose consciousness of their surroundings, as in ""Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening,"" or reproduce such a loss of consciousness in their narratives, as in ""Mowing."" These poems suppress the discursive nature of the lyric utterance, directing attention instead to the temporal and causal isolation of the narrated moments."Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T13:22:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 1989Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding ([email protected]) on 2011-05-07T14:53:52Z
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