155 research outputs found
СЕМЬЯ БРИТАНСКИХ ОРТОПЕДОВ
No full textThe history of the British orthopedics of the XIXXX centuries on an example of one Liverpool family in which somegenerations of the bonesetters who did not have special medical education were. Last two representatives of this family haduniversity education (Robert Johns and Redzhinald Watson-Johns) and in due time headed the British orthopedic association.Статья посвящена истории британской ортопедии XIXXX веков на примере одной ливерпульской семье, в которойнасчитывалось несколько поколений костоправов, не имевших специального медицинского образования. Два последнихпредставителя этой семьи имели университетское образование (Роберт Джонс и Реджинальд Уотсон-Джонс) и в своевремя возглавляли Британскую ортопедическую ассоциацию
Problems of typology and functioning of Euro-Asian and European loanwords in Russian
No full textThe paper formulates the Eurasian loan words’ problem as juxtaposed that of West European ones for the first time. It also defines some Eurasian Loan words’ features attributed to the general Near East lexical fund as well. The author makes an attempt of explanation of Russian cultural type by means of its correspondence to Russia’s Eurasian geographic situation. Linguistic facts are being interpreted in the context of Westernism and Slavophilism conceptions, which had been most popular in Russian intellectual circles
Publisher Correction: A Co3O4-CDots-C3N4 three component electrocatalyst design concept for efficient and tunable CO2 reduction to syngas
No full textThe original HTML version of this Article omitted to list Yeshayahu Lifshitz as a corresponding author and incorrectly listed Shuit-Tong Lee as a corresponding author.Correspondingly, the original PDF version of this Article incorrectly stated that “Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to X.J. (email: [email protected]), or to Y.L. (email: [email protected]), or to S.-T.L. (email: [email protected]), or to Z.K. (email: [email protected])”, instead of the correct “Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to X.J. (email: [email protected]), or to Y. Liu (email: [email protected]), or to Y. Lifshitz (email: [email protected]), or to Z.K. (email: [email protected])”.This has now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.</jats:p
The significance of the"Europe agreements"for Central European industrial exports
No full textIn 1991 and 1992, the European Union (EU) and the economies in transition of Central and Southern Europe - the CEE-5 (Bulgaria, the former Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland and Romania) - signed the European Association Agreements. The Agreements established a new framework for their mutual economic relationship, including the transition to a free trade regime for industrial products. The importance of the"Europe Agreements"has been underscored by the rapidly shifting trade patterns between the CEE-5 countries and OECD markets, and by the emergence of the EU as their major trading partner. The author examines the significance of the trade concessions granted by the EU to the CEE-5 countries (1) by analyzing the incidence of EU trade barriers on imports from the CEE-5 before and after implementation of the Agreements and (2) by identifying trade flows of groups of industrial products subject to different concessions.He focuses on trade liberalizing measures for industrial products for which a free trade regime should be in place no later than five years after the Agreements are in force. (Excluded are textiles and clothing, discussed in the Uruguay Round of Trade Negotiations.) Overall, the industrial product trade provisions of the Agreements, which affect about 80 percent of CEE-5 exports to the EU, significantly improve those countries'access to EU markets. In 1992, the first year they were in force in Hungary, Poland, and the former Czechoslovakia, the Agreements freed slightly less than 50 percent of total exports to the EU from import duties and nontariff barriers (NTB's). In terms of the 1992 composition of exports, this"free trade"share in total exports increases over five years to about 80 percent for the former Czechoslovakia, 60 percent for Hungary, and 70 percent for Poland. Although there are significant differences in the composition of exports from CEE-5 economies affected by EU trade liberalizing measures, these are the result of varying shares of sensitive (especially agricultural) products across countries, not dissimilar of concessions from the EU. The EU's negotiation approach, as revealed in the Agreements, was to minimize the adverse effects of opening up"sensitive"sectors: the time and the pace of transition tends to be longer and slower for groups of products with higher NTB-coverage ratios and higher average tariffs. Whether by design or not, the variation in products identified in various provisions assures a more equitable treatment of CEE-5 countries, judging from their industrial export patterns in 1990-92.Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Agribusiness&Markets,TF054105-DONOR FUNDED OPERATION ADMINISTRATION FEE INCOME AND EXPENSE ACCOUNT,Trade Policy
СМАРТ-КОНТРАКТ В ГРАЖДАНСКИХ ПРАВООТНОШЕНИЯХ: СУЩНОСТЬ И ПРАВОВЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ
No full textThe article is devoted to the study of the essence and legal nature of a smart contract. The author analyzes a number of scientific works of domestic and foreign researchers devoted to the study of the legal nature of a smart contract. As a result of the analysis, the author concludes that a correct conclusion about the legal nature of a smart contract requires a comprehensive approach that takes into account the specifics of a smart contract and all the features of this phenomenon that has emerged as a result of the rapid digital development of society.Статья посвящена изучению сущности и правовой природы смарт-контракта. Автором проанализирован целый ряд научных трудов отечественных и зарубежных исследователей, посвященных изучению правовой природы смарт-контракта. В результате проведенного анализа автором сделан вывод о том, что для верного вывода о правовой природе смарт-контракта требуется комплексный подход, учитывающий специфику смарт-контракта и все особенности этого феномена, появившегося в результате стремительного цифрового развития общества
Prohibition of Cross-Media Ownership as a Means of Limiting Media Concentration (on Example of R. Murdoch's Companies "News Corp" and "XXI Century Fox" by R. Murdoch in Australia, Great Britain and the USA)
No full textThis article is an analysis of the practice of implementation and effectiveness of laws prohibiting cross-media ownership in Australia, the UK and the USA. The author pays attention to the evolution of antitrust laws in the field of media business and modern principles of their implementation, as well as traces the connections between the liberalization of antimonopoly regulation and intensification of the process of concentration of media ownership. The research urgency is attributable to the fact that the consolidation of media ownership today has reached a critical level and poses a serious threat to freedom of expression and media diversity in most countries of the world. In the present work this problem is explored on the example of activity of the companies "News Corp" and "XXI Century Fox" owned by R. Murdoch. The author analyses the acquisition transactions of print and broadcast media (already completed by R. Murdoch and currently under consideration by competition authorities) from the point of view of their conformity to the cur-rent legislation, as well as their impact on the level of media concentration, availability of information services and their diversification. The article presents the latest data on the state of the media market in Australia, the UK and the US and recent reforms in the field of media regulation, which allows the author to draw a conclusion about the expected intensification of the process of concentration of the media ownership in the coming years and the increase in the number of its negative effects on the back of further liberalization of media regulation and inefficient work of the Antimonopoly services
ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ПРОЦЕССУАЛЬНОГО ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬСТВА ПРИ РАССМОТРЕНИИ СУДАМИ СПОРОВ, ВОЗНИКАЮЩИХ ИЗ СМАРТ-КОНТРАКТОВ. ОПЫТ РОССИИ И ЗАРУБЕЖНЫХ СТРАН
No full textThe article deals with the problems of procedural and legal regulation of smart contracts existing in the procedural legislation in Russia and in foreign countries, in particular, the problem of presenting evidence to the court in disputes arising from smart-contracts, as well as the problem of executing a court decision on disputes arising from smart contracts. As a result of the research, the author concludes that the indicated problems of applying procedural legislation in the consideration of disputes arising from smart contracts by courts can be solved using technical and legal means. The author suggests appropriate solutions to these procedural problems.В статье рассматриваются существующие в процессуальном законодательстве проблемы процессуально-правового регулирования смарт-контракта в России и в зарубежных странах, в частности, проблема представления в суд доказательств по спорам, возникающим из смарт-контрактов, а также проблема исполнения решения суда по спорам, возникающим из смарт-контрактов. В результате проведенного исследования автором сделан вывод о том, что обозначенные проблемы применения процессуального законодательства при рассмотрении судами споров, возникающих из смарт-контрактов, возможно решить с применением технических и правовых средств. Автором предложены соответствующие варианты решения обозначенных процессуальных проблем
Global Optimization by Particle Swarm Method:A Fortran Program
No full textPrograms that work very well in optimizing convex functions very often perform poorly when the problem has multiple local minima or maxima. They are often caught or trapped in the local minima/maxima. Several methods have been developed to escape from being caught in such local optima. The Particle Swarm Method of global optimization is one of such methods. A swarm of birds or insects or a school of fish searches for food, protection, etc. in a very typical manner. If one of the members of the swarm sees a desirable path to go, the rest of the swarm will follow quickly. Every member of the swarm searches for the best in its locality - learns from its own experience. Additionally, each member learns from the others, typically from the best performer among them. Even human beings show a tendency to learn from their own experience, their immediate neighbours and the ideal performers. The Particle Swarm method of optimization mimics this behaviour. Every individual of the swarm is considered as a particle in a multidimensional space that has a position and a velocity. These particles fly through hyperspace and remember the best position that they have seen. Members of a swarm communicate good positions to each other and adjust their own position and velocity based on these good positions. The Particle Swarm method of optimization testifies the success of bounded rationality and decentralized decisionmaking in reaching at the global optima. It has been used successfully to optimize extremely difficult multimodal functions. Here we give a FORTRAN program to find the global optimum by the Repulsive Particle Swarm method. The program has been tested on over 90 benchmark functions of varied dimensions, complexities and difficulty levels.Bounded rationality; Decentralized decision making; Jacobian; Elliptic functions; Gielis super-formula; supershapes; Repulsive Particle Swarm method of Global optimization; nonlinear programming; multiple sub-optimum; global; local optima; fit; data; empirical; estimation; parameters; curve fitting
A novel approach for nonlinearity detection in vibrating systems
No full textThis paper proposes a novel approach for nonlinearity detection in vibrating systems. The approach is developed based on a new concept recently proposed by the author known as nonlinear output frequency response functions (NOFRFs) and the properties of the NOFRFs for nonlinear systems with multiple degrees of freedom (mdof). The results of numerical simulation studies verify the effectiveness of the approach. Nonlinear components often represent faults in practical mdof systems including beams. The proposed approach therefore has significant potential in the fault diagnosis of practical mdof engineering systems and structures
Diabetes insipidus and thrombocytosis as the presenting symptoms of acute myeloblastic leukemia with monosomy 7 [7]
No full text[No abstract available]DELACHAPELLE A, 1987, EUR J HAEMATOL, V39, P404; KIMMEL DW, 1983, CANCER, V52, P2355, DOI 10.1002-1097-0142(19831215)52:122355::AID-CNCR28205212323.0.CO;2-J; LASTARZA R, 1994, HAEMATOLOGICA, V79, P356; Lavabre-Bertrand T, 2001, EUR J HAEMATOL, V66, P66, DOI 10.1034-j.1600-0609.2001.00346.x76
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