1,720,957 research outputs found
Pre-hospital critical care for out-of-hospital cardiac arrests with return of spontaneous circulation: a retrospective observational study
No full textBackground/objectives: out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) are common, with return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) achieved in approximately 25% of patients. However, it remains unknown whether post-ROSC care delivered by a pre-hospital critical care team (CCT) improves patient outcomes. We therefore aimed to investigate this in OHCA patients admitted to our intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: in this retrospective observational study, consecutive adults with ROSC after non-traumatic OHCA admitted to our ICU between 1 September 2019 and 31 August 2022 were included. We compared patients who received post-ROSC care from a CCT to those who received standard care. The primary outcome was a good neurological outcome on hospital discharge (defined as Cerebral Performance Category 1–2). Descriptive statistics, Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC) values, and adjusted Odds Ratios (ORs) are reported. We constructed multivariable logistic regression models that adjusted for the component variables of the MIRACLE2 score. Results: we included 126 OHCAs (median age 63 years, 69% male), which were largely witnessed (82%), involved bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (87%), and had an initial shockable rhythm (61%). The prevalence of good neurological outcomes was higher in patients who received post-ROSC care from a pre-hospital CCT (37% vs. 17%, p = 0.012). The MIRACLE2 score was a strong predictor of good neurological outcomes (AUC 0.932), and in our multivariable analysis, good neurological outcome was associated with both CCT presence post-ROSC (aOR 3.77, 95% CI 1.02–13.89) and the delivery of PHEA (aOR 4.10, 95% CI 1.10–15.27, p = 0.035). Furthermore, in patients meeting the Utstein criteria (n = 69), good neurological outcomes were also more prevalent with CCT presence post-ROSC (62% vs. 29%, p < 0.001). Conclusions: we found that post-ROSC care delivered by a pre-hospital CCT was associated with good neurological outcomes on hospital discharge.</p
Characteristics, management, and outcomes of acute life-threatening asthma in adult intensive care
No full textBackground: there is limited evidence regarding the management of acute life-threatening asthma in intensive care units (ICUs), and few guidelines have details on this. We aimed to describe the characteristics, management, and outcomes of adults with life-threatening asthma requiring ICU admission.Methods: in this single-centre retrospective observational study, we included consecutive adults with acute asthma requiring ICU admission between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2023. Our primary outcome was requirement for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV).Results: we included 100 patients (median age 42.5 years, 67% female). The median pH, PaCO 2, and white cell count (WCC) on ICU admission were 7.37, 39 mmHg, and 13.6 × 109/L. There were 30 patients (30%) who required IMV, and the best predictors of IMV requirement were pH (AUC 0.772) and PaCO 2 (AUC 0.809). In univariate analysis, IMV requirement was associated with both increasing WCC (OR 1.14) and proven bacterial infection (OR 8.50). A variety of respiratory support strategies were utilised, with 38 patients (38%) receiving only non-invasive respiratory support. Conclusions: our data highlight key characteristics which may be risk factors for acute asthma requiring ICU admission and suggest that pH, PaCO 2, and WCC are prognostic markers for disease severity. Our overall outcomes were good, with an IMV requirement of 30% and a 28-day mortality of 1%. </p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
