21 research outputs found
Human adenovirus detection among immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients presenting acute respiratory infection
No full textINTRODUCTION: Human adenoviruses (HAdV) play an important role in the etiology of severe acute lower respiratory infection, especially in immunocompromised individuals. The aim of the present study was detect the HAdV through different methods: direct fluorescence assay (DFA) and nested-polymerase chain reaction (PCR-nested) from patients with acute respiratory infection (ARI) up to 7 days of symptoms onset. METHODS: Samples (n=643) were collected from different risk groups during from 2001 to 2010: 139 adults attended in an Emergency Room Patients (ERP); 205 health care workers (HCW); 69 from Renal Transplant Outpatients (RTO); 230 patients in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) program. RESULTS: Among all patients (n=643) adenovirus was detected on 13.2% by DFA and/or PCR: 6/139 (4.3%) adults from ERP, 7/205 (3.4%) from HCW samples, 4/69 (5.8%) from RTO and 68/230 (29.5%) from HSCT patients. Nested PCR showed higher detection (10%) compared to DFA test (3.8%) (p < 0.001). HSCT patients presented significantly higher prevalence of HAdV infection. CONCLUSIONS: Adenovirus detection through nested-PCR assay was higher. However the inclusion of molecular method in laboratorial routine diagnostic should be evaluated considering the reality of each specific health service
Rhinovirus species and their clinical presentation among different risk groups of non-hospitalized patients
No full textFrequency of human bocavirus respiratory infections among at-risk patients in São Paulo, Brazil
No full textINTRODUÇÃO E OBJETIVOS: O bocavírus humano (HBoV) tem sido descrito desde 2005 como agente etiológico de infecções respiratórias virais. O presente estudo tem como objetivo investigar a etiologia da infecção respiratória pelo HBoV em pacientes adultos e crianças de diferentes grupos de risco para complicação de infecções respiratórias agudas desde 2001 até 2008 em um hospital terciário no Brasil. PACIENTES E MÉTODOS: O HBoV foi investigado, através de reação em cadeia da polimerase, em 598 amostras respiratórias coletadas de pacientes hospitalizados e não hospitalizados. RESULTADOS: Das 598 amostras testadas o HBoV foi detectado em 2,44% (8/328) das crianças, incluindo cinco crianças portadoras de cardiopatia congênita, e 0,4% (1/270) dos adultos em programa de transplante de células tronco hematopoiéticas. CONCLUSÃO: Os dados do presente estudo sugerem baixa freqüência de detecção do HBoV entre pacientes de risco, e destaca a necessidade de novos estudos para um melhor entendimento do verdadeiro papel desse agente em infecções respiratórias agudas em pacientes sintomáticos.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Human Bocavirus (HBoV) has been described since 2005 as an etiological agent of respiratory virus infections. From 2001 to 2008 we investigated the etiology of HBoV among adults and children in different groups at risk of presenting complications arising from acute respiratory infection, the investigation was carried out in a tertiary hospital health care system in Brazil. METHODS: HBoV DNA was assayed in 598 respiratory samples from community and hospitalized patients by PCR. RESULTS: Of the 598 tested samples, 2.44% (8/328) of children, including five children with heart disease, and 0.4% (1/270) of adult bone-marrow-transplant were HBoV positive. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggested lower HBoV frequency among different at-risk patients and highlights the need to better understand the real role of HBoV among acute respiratory symptomatic patients
Long COVID: General Perceptions and Challenges in Diagnosis and Management
No full textOn 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, raising global health concerns. Reports of persistent and new symptoms following the acute phase of infection highlighted the complexities of recovery and prompted the investigation of what is now termed long COVID. Officially recognized by the WHO in October 2021, long COVID presents various health implications, though the terminology—such as post-COVID syndrome and post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC)—remains inconsistent, complicating diagnostic standardization. Long COVID affects an estimated 10% to 30% of SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals, with common symptoms including fatigue, dyspnea, cognitive dysfunction, and joint pain, all of which significantly impair quality of life. Public perception is influenced by factors like education and health history, while misinformation and stigma hinder accurate diagnosis and treatment. The absence of biomarkers and overlap with other post-viral syndromes further complicate clinical recognition. Experts emphasize the need for refined diagnostic criteria and integrated strategies combining biomedical research, public policy, and educational initiatives to improve clinical management, address healthcare inequalities, and mitigate the impacts of long COVID. This review unveils the state of the art and knowledge gaps to encourage discussion, with the aim of achieving better clinical decision-making and public awareness related to long COVID
Respiratory syncytial virus evaluation among asymptomatic and symptomatic subjects in a university hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil, in the period of 2009-2013
No full textDeveloping a partnership of indigenous peoples, conservationists, and land use planners in Latin America
No full textIllustrating from a rich body of case material, Poole's report reflects a shift away from the traditional view - represented by certain national parks and similar protected areas - that indigenous peoples be allowed to occupy and use an area's resources following rules set by conservationists. Under the new paradigm that is developing, indigenous peoples are seen as an integral part of protected area planning through agreements worked out in partnership with conservation authorities. An example of this new approach is the role that indigenous peoples are playing in the design of biosphere reserves. Poole suggests that the Bank and other development organizations pay more attention to vernacular economies - economies based on local resources, used either for subsistence or as a source of revenue. He also recommends more research into economics and resource implications of these local activities to harvest wild resources, especially in environmentally delicate areas such as tropical rainforests.Environmental Management,Tourism and Ecotourism,Water Conservation,Natural Resources Management,Wetlands
Comparison of the direct fluorescence assay and real-time polymerase chain reaction for the detection of influenza virus A and B in immunocompromised patients
No full textOBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the diagnostic performance of two methods for the detection of influenza virus in immunocompromised transplant patients. METHODS: A total of 475 respiratory samples, 236 from patients in a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation program and 239 from kidney transplant patients, were analyzed by a direct fluorescence assay and the Centers for Disease Control real-time polymerase chain reaction protocol for influenza A and B detection. RESULTS: Influenza detection using either method was 7.6% in the hematopoietic stem cell transplant group and 30.5% in the kidney transplant patient group. Influenza detection by real-time polymerase chain reaction yielded a higher positive rate compared with fluorescence than that reported by other studies, and this difference was more pronounced for influenza A. The fluorescence assay sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and kappa coefficient were 17.6%, 100%, 1, 0.83, and 0.256, respectively, and lower detection rates occurred in the kidney transplant patients. CONCLUSIONS: The real-time polymerase chain reaction performance and the associated turnaround time for a large number of samples support the choice of this method for use in different routine diagnostic settings and influenza surveillance in high-risk patients.Federal University of São Paulo Medicine Department Infections Disease UnitUNIFESP, Medicine Department Infections Disease UnitSciELOConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)FAPES
Estudo socioepidemiológico e georeferenciamento da infecção pelo SARS-COV-2 em um município com baixa densidade populacional no estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil.
No full textEdição dos resumos do 23º Congresso Brasileiro de Infectologia realizado de 19 a 22 de setembro de 2023, em Salvador, BA
Acute respiratory infection and influenza-like illness viral etiologies in Brazilian adults
No full textInfluenza-like illness (ILI) definitions have been used worldwide for influenza surveillance. These different case definitions can vary with regard to sensitivity and predictive values for laboratory confirmed influenza. The literature has indicated the inclusion of other viruses may be the cause of these variable results. The objective of the study was to evaluate ILI national sentinel criteria and viral etiologies in adults diagnosed with acute respiratory infection ARI) and/or ILI from 2001 to 2003 in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Clinical and laboratory evaluations were observed from 420 adults and collected on a daily basis from outpatient care units at University Hospital. The ILI definition included: fever plus at least one respiratory symptom (cough and/or sore throat) and one constitutional symptom (headache, malaise, myalgia, sweat or chills, or fatigue). DFA and RT-PCR for influenza, parainfluenza, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, enterovirus, coronavirus, rhinovirus, and metapneumovirus were performed on nasal washes and 61.8% resulted positive. The respiratory viruses detected most often were influenza and rhinovirus. ILI was reported for 240/420 patients (57.1%), with influenza and rhinovirus etiologies accounting for 30.9% and 19.6%, respectively. Rhinovirus peak activity was concurrent with the influenza season. These findings highlight the implications of other viruses in ILI etiology and suggest that during the influenza season, this clinical overlap must be considered in the diagnosis and clinical management of patients.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Clin Virol Lab, Infect Dis Unit, Dept Med, Sao Paulo, BrazilSao Paulo State Univ, Ribeirao Preto Med Sch, Sao Paulo, BrazilSao Paulo State Univ, Ribeirao Preto Med Sch, Sao Paulo, BrazilFAPESP: 01/12579
Frequency of human bocavirus respiratory infections among at-risk patients in São Paulo, Brazil
No full textBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Human Bocavirus (HBoV) has been described since 2005 as an etiological agent of respiratory virus infections. From 2001 to 2008 we investigated the etiology of HBoV among adults and children in different groups at risk of presenting complications arising from acute respiratory infection, the investigation was carried out in a tertiary hospital health care system in Brazil. METHODS: HBoV DNA was assayed in 598 respiratory samples from community and hospitalized patients by PCR. RESULTS: Of the 598 tested samples, 2.44% (8/328) of children, including five children with heart disease, and 0.4% (1/270) of adult bone-marrow-transplant were HBoV positive. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggested lower HBoV frequency among different at-risk patients and highlights the need to better understand the real role of HBoV among acute respiratory symptomatic patients
