4,899 research outputs found
Angststörungen und Phobien
No full textUnter Angststörungen und Phobien wird ein breites Spektrum von Erkrankungen verstanden, bei dem eine übermäßige Angst und Vermeidungsverhalten eine bedeutsame Rolle spielt. Die Intensität der therapeutischen Behandlung richtet sich vor allem nach dem Grad der psychosozialen Beeinträchtigung. Eine Pharmakotherapie ist dann indiziert, wenn Beratung und psychotherapeutische Verfahren allein nicht ausreichend wirksam sind oder auch wenn aufgrund der großen Angst die psychotherapeutische Behandlung, z. B. eine Exposition, nicht durchführbar ist. Auch kann die mangelnde Verfügbarkeit von Psychotherapie einen medikamentösen Behandlungsbeginn erfordern. Eine Pharmakotherapie soll immer im Rahmen einer multimodalen Behandlung eingesetzt werden. Selektive Serotonin-Wiederaufnahmerhemmer (SSRIs) sind im Kindes- und Jugendalter die erste Wahl. Im Gegensatz zum Erwachsenenalter ist die Evidenz für andere Wirkstoffgruppen deutlich geringer. Benzodiazepine sind nur dann indiziert, wenn eine sofortige Angstreduktion erforderlich ist. Wegen des Risikos einer Abhängigkeit ist ihre Verschreibung nur für die Kurzzeittherapie geeignet. Eine Unterscheidung der verschiedenen Angststörungen und Phobien ist klinisch sinnvoll. In Bezug auf die medikamentöse Therapie ergeben sich aber keine wesentlichen Unterschiede, da die Evidenz zu therapeutischer Wirksamkeit für alle Angststörungen und Phobien am besten für SSRIs nachgewiesen werden konnte und für die anderen Wirkstoffgruppen eine vergleichbare Evidenz dazu fehlt
Psychostimulants and Other Drugs Used in the Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
No full textThe term “psychostimulants” (synonym stimulants) refers to a group of psychopharmacological agents whose predominant effect is the enhancement of cognitive and behavioral functions by stimulation of the central nervous system (CNS). In healthy humans, they relieve feelings of tiredness and languor, elevate mood, as well as improve concentration and performance. In animals, psychostimulants increase locomotor activity and are readily self-administered due to their powerful reinforcing properties
Parkinson's disease following methylphenidate administration in childhood? An empirical assessment of the current situation
No full textThe efficacy of stimulants (e.g. methylphenidate and D-amphetamine) in the treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was demonstrated in a variety of clinical studies. Almost all stimulant-related side effects reported for children and adolescents with AND are rare and short-lived and are responsive to dose or timing adjustments. However, there is doubt that therapeutic administration of stimulants in children with AND may induce substance abuse and may have unfavorable long-term effect on brain maturation. Although there is no scientific evidence for these conjectures, they make pediatricians, child and adolescent psychiatrists, but also AND patients and their relatives unsure, A recent study in normal young rats demonstrated a long-lasting reduction in the density of dopamine, but not noradrenaline and serotonin transporters in striatal membrane homogenates following sub-chronic administration of methylphenidate. However, it is unclear if this effect reflects a disturbance or an advantage concerning the development of the nigro-striatal dopaminergic system. In addition, there is no clinical data that chronic stimulant therapy in AND leads to long-term side-effects or induces Parkinson's disease
Pathogenesis and pathophysiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: from childhood to adulthood
No full textParkinson's disease following methylphenidate administration in childhood? An empirical assessment of the current situation
No full textThe efficacy of stimulants (e.g. methylphenidate and D-amphetamine) in the treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was demonstrated in a variety of clinical studies. Almost all stimulant-related side effects reported for children and adolescents with AND are rare and short-lived and are responsive to dose or timing adjustments. However, there is doubt that therapeutic administration of stimulants in children with AND may induce substance abuse and may have unfavorable long-term effect on brain maturation. Although there is no scientific evidence for these conjectures, they make pediatricians, child and adolescent psychiatrists, but also AND patients and their relatives unsure, A recent study in normal young rats demonstrated a long-lasting reduction in the density of dopamine, but not noradrenaline and serotonin transporters in striatal membrane homogenates following sub-chronic administration of methylphenidate. However, it is unclear if this effect reflects a disturbance or an advantage concerning the development of the nigro-striatal dopaminergic system. In addition, there is no clinical data that chronic stimulant therapy in AND leads to long-term side-effects or induces Parkinson's disease
Stylos kai edraiōma tēs ekklēsias, sive, Dissertatio de iustificatione hominis
No full textquam ... sub praesidio ... Ioh. Henrici Heideggeri ... placido eruditorum examini subiicit Andreas Steinerus, Vitod. author & respondens, ad diem Octobris loco horisque solitisDiss. Hohe Schule Zürich, 167
Author: Andreas Johannis Prytz
No full textAn edition of the consecration sermons in Gothenburg Cathedral 1633 by Superintendent Andreas Johannis Prytz, with introductory comments. The first sermon deals with the need for Church buildings, the second with the consecration of a new Church
We must combine conservation of nature with benefits to society. Interview by Gaby Allheilig with Andreas Heinimann on IPBES' Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services
No full textOn 6 May 2019, the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) presented its report on the state of biodiversity and ecosystem services worldwide. The first such assessment since 2005, it concludes that biodiversity and ecosystem loss has reached the point where it threatens human well-being. The researchers involved recommend several urgent measures to political decision-makers. Andreas Heinimann of CDE was the one Swiss scientist who worked as a lead author on a chapter of the report
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