3,897 research outputs found
The Clinical and Public Health Challenges of Diabetes Prevention: A Search for Sustainable Solutions.
No full textIn an Editorial accompanying PLOS Medicine's Special Issue on Diabetes Prevention, Guest Editors Nicholas Wareham and William Herman discuss some of the challenges for researchers and policy makers in developing effective and equitable solutions to the worldwide problem of type 2 diabetes
Do different dimensions of the metabolic syndrome change together over time?. Evidence supporting obesity as the central feature
No full textOBJECTIVE—The metabolic syndrome is a loosely defined cluster of cardiovascular risk factors including low HDL cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia, glucose intolerance, and hypertension. Evidence for inclusion of these features in the syndrome has mostly come from cross-sectional studies, and a few studies have examined how the various factors change together over time. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We conducted a prospective population-based cohort study of 937 individuals aged 40–65 years who underwent oral glucose tolerance testing on two occasions at 4.5-year intervals. Changes in the components of the metabolic syndrome were analyzed by principal component analysis in the entire population and in a subgroup of 471 individuals who did not receive pharmaceutical therapy for hypertension and dyslipidemia. RESULTS—Principal component analysis identified three independent factors in men: a blood pressure factor (systolic and diastolic blood pressure and BMI), a glucose factor (fasting and 120-min postload glucose, BMI, waist-to-hip ratio [WHR], and fasting insulin level), and a lipid factor (triglycerides and HDL cholesterol, BMI, WHR, and fasting insulin level). In women, an additional factor was identified, which included BMI, WHR, fasting insulin, and triglycerides. Analysis of the contribution of these variables to the different subdimensions indicated that BMI was the central feature of the syndrome in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS—This analysis of change in the features of the metabolic syndrome over time provides evidence of the fundamental importance of obesity in the origin of this disorder. <br/
sj-pdf-1-jtt-10.1177_1357633X221093434 - Supplemental material for The development, validation and application of remote blood sample collection in telehealth programmes
No full textSupplemental material, sj-pdf-1-jtt-10.1177_1357633X221093434 for The development, validation and application of remote blood sample collection in telehealth programmes by Albert Koulman, Kirsten L Rennie, Damon Parkington, Carina SB Tyrrell, Michael Catt, Effrossyni Gkrania-Klotsas, and Nicholas J Wareham in Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare</p
On the evaluation of interactive information retrieval systems
No full textThis paper briefly discusses the history of the standard information retrieval evaluation criteria, measures and methods, and why they are unsuitable for the evaluation of interactive information retrieval. A new framework for evaluation of interactive information retrieval is proposed, based on the criterion of usefulness
Settlement of San Luis Valley, Colorado by the Mormon People in 1878: Part 3
No full textScan of the third part (pages 42-59) of a typescript with title, "Settlement of San Luis Valley, Colorado by the Mormon People in 1878." Author not given, but possibly John Hamilton Morgan\u27s son Nicholas G. Morga
Settlement of San Luis Valley, Colorado by the Mormon People in 1878: Part 1
No full textScan of the first pages of a typescript with title, "Settlement of San Luis Valley, Colorado by the Mormon People in 1878." Author not given, but possibly John Hamilton Morgan\u27s son Nicholas G. Morga
Narrative based on the diaries of John Morgan
No full textScan of a typed narrative based on the diaries of John Hamilton Morgan. Includes text of numerous writings by Morgan. Author of this narrative not stated, but may have been his son, Nicholas G. Morga
Settlement of San Luis Valley, Colorado by the Mormon People in 1878: Part 2
No full textScan of the second part (pages 22-40) of a typescript with title, "Settlement of San Luis Valley, Colorado by the Mormon People in 1878." Author not given, but possibly John Hamilton Morgan\u27s son Nicholas G. Morga
Life is too short to be serious all the time: Donald Duck presents unconventional motivations for publishing in academia
No full textIn this food for thought article, we introduce the ‘Donald Duck Phenomenon’ to consider ten unconventional reasons for publishing in academia. These include (i) symbolic immortality, (ii) personal satisfaction, (iii) a sense of pride, (iv) serious leisure, (v) cause credibility, (vi) altruism, (vii) collaboration with a friend or family member, (viii) collaboration with a hero, (ix) conflict or revenge, and (x) for amusement. The article was inspired by the lead author’s social media search for a co-author with the surname ‘Duck’. Through LinkedIn, the lead author, Associate Professor William E. Donald, who is based in the UK and specialises in Sustainable Careers and Human Resource Management, found a collaborator, Dr Nicholas Duck, based in Australia and specialises in Organisational Psychology. While the collaboration may appear somewhat ‘quackers’, per one of Donald Duck’s famous phrases, “Life is too short to be serious all the time, so if you can’t laugh at yourself then call me… I’ll laugh at you, for you”. We hope that this article offers some interesting insights, particularly for academics at the start of their scholarly journey, and acts as a way to stimulate conversation around unconventional reasons for publishing in academia
Physical activity intensity, sedentary time, and body composition in preschoolers
No full textBACKGROUND: Detailed associations between physical activity (PA) subcomponents, sedentary time, and body composition in preschoolers remain unclear.OBJECTIVE: We examined the magnitude of associations between objectively measured PA subcomponents and sedentary time with body composition in 4-y-old children.DESIGN: We conducted a cross-sectional study in 398 preschool children recruited from the Southampton Women's Survey. PA was measured by using accelerometry, and body composition was measured by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Associations between light physical activity, moderate physical activity (MPA), vigorous physical activity (VPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) intensity; sedentary time; and body composition were analyzed by using repeated-measures linear regression with adjustment for age, sex, birth weight, maternal education, maternal BMI, smoking during pregnancy, and sleep duration. Sedentary time and PA were also mutually adjusted for one another to determine whether they were independently related to adiposity.RESULTS: VPA was the only intensity of PA to exhibit strong inverse associations with both total adiposity [P < 0.001 for percentage of body fat and fat mass index (FMI)] and abdominal adiposity (P = 0.002 for trunk FMI). MVPA was inversely associated with total adiposity (P = 0.018 for percentage of body fat; P = 0.022 for FMI) but only because of the contribution of VPA, because MPA was unrelated to fatness (P ? 0.077). No associations were shown between the time spent sedentary and body composition (P ? 0.11).CONCLUSIONS: In preschoolers, the time spent in VPA is strongly and independently associated with lower adiposity. In contrast, the time spent sedentary and in low-to-moderate-intensity PA was unrelated to adiposity. These results indicate that efforts to challenge pediatric obesity may benefit from prioritizing VPA
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