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Dis-identification and class identity
No full textBuilding on Bourdieu's analysis of stratification Mike Savage, Elizabeth Silva and Alan Warde examine the implications of the distinction between objective and subjective class location with reflections about issues of class dis-identification and identity of class, on the basis of an empirical study employing quantitative and qualitative methods. The discussion is particularly relevant in the context of contemporary debates in the UK about the salience of class.
Recent research notes that while class is widely understood as a feature of social inequality, class identities do not appear to be meaningful to individuals. In the context of globalization and individualization processes researchers have identified decline in class consciousness and awareness. Emotional frames of a more individualized kind have been noted at the same time that class hierarchies are found to inform everyday life in new ways. Joining the debate on 'dis-identification', the authors consider the limits of class identity and the ways in which powers of classification are expressed in the 'talk' of research participants.
The findings indicate lack of direct class identification, with references to class pertaining to the external world rather than to personal experience. Both the deployment and the avoidance of idioms of class reveal an awareness of the power of classifying. Ambivalence towards class is thus actively produced and dis-identification often hides awareness of distinctive privileges
At the Big House
No full textA wonderful and surprising gift! Diana is the secretary and brought the book for me to look at when I mentioned Aesop's fables. I never would have found it on my own. The book contains some fifty stories put into the mouths of, respectively, a Black (Nancy) and a mixture of Black and Native American ('Phrony). Nancy's stories borrow from Aesop, as the introduction points out; I would add somewhat distantly. The dialect is delightful and heavy. A normal reader might have to work at it for a while. I read the first few stories and enjoyed them thoroughly. Aunt Nancy points out at the beginning of her first story that Mis' Molly Hyar generally beats Mistah Slickry Sly Fox because it is the special gift of ladies that they get their own way, not with their fists but with their brains. Menfolks is kind er clumsy an' lumbersome 'bout sech ez dat.... (6). The setting is delightful: a mother who grew up in the South returns there with her children one year after the end of the Civil War. The stories were collected from elderly story-tellers and edited. There is about one illustration per story. T of C at the front. Some of the early pages are loose.This is a hardbound book (hard cover)Anne Virginia Culbertso
At the Big House: Where Aunt Nancy and Aunt 'Phrony Held Forth on the Animal Folks
No full textThis bigger new edition one year after the original publication (see my notes on the 1904 edition) is distinctive. It is 7 x 9 rather than 5 x 7½. It has only 233 pages, where the earlier edition had 348. But it uses the plates from the earlier edition. The book has reduced from some fifty stories to thirty-three. It makes up for this loss by supplying delightful marginal cartoons lacking in the original. I wager that there is a story here. Might the artist have been late for the first edition, or might the first edition have gone so well that the artist was recommissioned to produce cartoons in the same style? In any case, the full-page non-paginated illustrations listed on xi now are monotone rather than two or three colored, and though they follow the same patterns, they have been enlarged and some seem to have been redrawn for this edition. Contrast that facing 52 here with that facing 96 in the earlier edition, and compare that facing 58 here with that facing 102 there. There are fourteen such full-page monochrome illustrations in this book.This is a hardbound book (hard cover)New editionBy Anne Virginia Culbertso
Prednisolone and salbutamol in the hospital treatment of acute asthma
No full textThe use of oral prednisolone (2 mg/kg) to treat children admitted to hospital with acute asthma was assessed in a placebo controlled study. Children were further randomised to receive either 0.5 mg/kg salbutamol every 30 minutes for the first three hours of admission, or 5 mg salbutamol every one to four hours as needed. Treatment was double blind and the assessor was unaware of the nebuliser regimen given. Children were examined before and after treatment with salbutamol on arrival and reassessed four hours after admission. Seventy children completed the study. Seventeen (46%) of 37 children receiving prednisolone and six (9%) of 33 receiving placebo were fit for discharge after four hours of treatment. There was no significant difference between the two nebuliser regimens. Clinical parameters indicative of asthma severity were improved in all groups. Between group comparisons at reassessment showed higher peak flows in those receiving prednisolone and nebulisers every 30 minutes but differences were not significant for other parameters. Objective parameters indicating steroid efficacy over placebo were minimal. Despite this, those receiving prednisolone were more readily identifiable as being fit for discharge within four hours of treatment.</p
Audit strategies to reduce hospital admissions for acute asthma
No full textAn eightfold rise in hospital admissions for acute asthma from 1971-85 prompted two studies to audit the admissions policy at the Royal Alexandra Hospital. In the first study the on call senior house officer (SHO) was replaced by an experienced registrar and over a four month period 53 children out of 158 were sent home from the receiving room compared with six out of 39 seen by the SHOs. In the second study an SHO training programme was established together with a home treatment package. Over a 12 month period the on call SHOs assessed 687 children with acute asthma; 229 (43.5%) were deemed fit to be sent home. Only seven of these were readmitted within one week. Diary symptom score cards filled in by parents indicated that children sent home without admission fared no worsed at home than those admitted and then discharged for the two weeks after leaving hospital. The development of strategies to improve assessment and immediate management in the hospital receiving room can reduce hospital admissions for acute asthma, allowing more children to be safely managed in the community.</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Analysis of Costs and Benefits of compressing data on the Usenet
No full textUSENET traffic occupies a growing volume of data communications capacity, several gigabits per day is common for the popular newsgroups. The news servers storing the messages and files devote a correspondingly large amount of disc space. The prevalent standard for newsgroup traffic is the Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) which deals with text that is uncompressed. This lack of compression represents a significant waste of resources on communications links and data storage space on the Internet. To analyse costs and benefits of compressing newsgroup traffic we installed and executed compression and decompression software under controlled conditions on the Internet. Using real newsgroup traffic generated by the population of subscribers in a typical Intranet, we found significant increases in the efficiency of data communications between the news clients and news servers. In some cases useful traffic increased by 30% on the data links. Also the occupancy of data storage on the news servers was more efficient with generally 30% and in some cases 40% more useful data stored in the equivalent disc space . In general the improvements in system performance depended on the characteristics of the newsgroup traffic being compressed and decompressed. In particular the average length of the messages in the newsgroup traffic determined the potential performance improvements. Traffic with a higher average message length enjoyed a higher increase in efficiency. We compared the two compression algorithms and discovered that their relative performance depended on the characteristics of the newsgroup traffic. Zlib is more effective than Bzip2 for large text files whereas Bzip2 is more effective than Zlib for traffic comprising shorter messages. We investigated the effect of the Zlib dictionary on the effectiveness of our system and found that the performance of Zlib is very dependent on the dictionary used to initialise the compressor. When a simple dictionary is used an increase in compression from 30% to 40% is achieved on sample data. We found that the nature of the optimum dictionary varied between newsgroups because of differing word patterns in each newsgroup's traffic. An implementation comprising multiple dictionaries is therefore the key to optimum performance by Zlib and further work is needed to investigate this approach. For the current investigation we created an NNTP proxy server program which allows unmodified newsreaders to access and create compressed messages. We then used the system for the reported performance evaluations. A second objective of our architecture was to facilitate the adoption of the system across the Internet as an ancillary to NNTP. We have defined our classes in Java thus making them available to writers of Java news readers. We have conceived, built and used an effective compression and decompression system for newsgroup traffic. Our system is compatible with the NNTP standard and with the current architectural infrastructure of news servers and clients. The results of our analysis of data compression under controlled USENET usage indicate that the design approach is widely applicable. Similar implementations on local Intranets could lead to widespread efficiencies in data storage and data transmission
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Cesión de Herencia
No full textFil: Warde, Adriana María. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Derecho; Argentina.Como introducción al tema se presentan algunas consideraciones
generales con el objeto de hacer una aproximación global acerca del
fenómeno sucesorio que plantea los límites del contrato de cesión de
herencia.
Un hecho natural al que todo ser humano se enfrenta, crea el
problema de determinar la suerte de las relaciones y situaciones jurídicas
existentes al momento de la desaparición física de la persona.
Vulgarmente, cuando una persona habla de “sucesión” se hace
referencia al juicio sucesorio, es decir, a aquel trámite judicial que permite
determinar quiénes son los herederos de una persona muerta e inscribir los
bienes dejados por el causante, a nombre de aquellos.
Sucesión -del latín successio- es conceptualmente la sustitución de un
sujeto por otro en la titularidad del derecho sobre el objeto de una relación
jurídica.Fil: Warde, Adriana María. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Derecho; Argentina.Derech
SEDP-2014-03-Oxley-Hanley-Greasley-Blum-McLaughlin-Kunnas-Warde
No full textGenuine Savings has emerged as a widely-used indicator of sustainable development. In this paper, we use long-term data stretching back to 1870 to undertake empirical tests of the relationship between Genuine Savings (GS) and future well-being for three countries: Britain, the USA and Germany. Our tests are based on an underlying theoretical relationship between GS and changes in the present value of future consumption. Based on both single country and panel results, we find evidence supporting the existence of a cointegrating (long run equilibrium) relationship between GS and future well-being, and fail to reject the basic theoretical result on the relationship between these two macroeconomic variables. This provides some support for the GS measure of weak sustainability. We also show the effects of modelling shocks, such as World War Two and the Great Depression
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