1,720,961 research outputs found
Macro Invertebrate Diversity in Different Land Use System and Soil Fertility Status in Relation to Macro Invertebrate Distribution in Shashogo District, Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Get PDFInvertebrate species are predominant in the food webs and among the ecosystem engineers associated with agriculture. They have a major influence on productivity and therefore play a key role in food security. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the ecological role of soil macro invertebrate diversity for maintenance of soil fertility in Shashogo District, Hadiya zone, Southern Ethiopia. Both field and laboratory work were applied during investigation of the study. Invertebrate’s diversity was identified and Soil samples were collected from different sites and evaluated for soil fertility status. The physico-chemical analysis; organic carbon content, total nitrogen, available phosphorous, available K, soil pH, soil texture, sodium etc… was analyzed. The main soil macro invertebrates identified were Termites ( order Isoptera), Beetles (order Coleoptera), Wasps (Hymenoptera), Millipedes (order diplopoid), Centipedes (chilopoda), Ants (Hymenoptera) and Earthworm (order Opisthopora). The average selected chemical properties of the soil were Soil PH (5.60), Total Nitrogen (0.23), and Organic carbon (2.44), Phosphorus (2.63), Calcium (22.73), Potassium (0.376) and Sodium (0.096). There is significant association between soil macro invertebrate groups and selected soil physical and chemical properties. To conserve soil resources, it needs highest attention of policy makers as well as land use planners to concentrate their efforts on land management strategies based on land use system
Isolation, Identification and Characterization of Thermostable Amylase Producing Bacteria from Budamada Hot Spring, Misrak Badewacho, Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia
No full textThermophilic microorganisms are microorganisms that are stable over a wide range of harsh environmental conditions. Thermophillic amylase enzyme producing bacteria live at 45°C–80°C. Thermostable microbial amylases are more simplified and economical than other sources. The present research was aimed to isolate, identify and characterize thermostable amylase producing bacterial isolated from Budamada hot spring of Misrak Badawacho woreda. Thirty samples were collected from the source. Totally 18 isolates were isolated and 10 isolates were screened based on their ability to hydrolyze starch. Different biochemical tests were done to identify isolates based on Bergey’s Manual of systematic bacteriology. The results revealed that three enzymes from Bacillus spp. (SED2), Pseudomonas spp. (SED5) and Bacillus spp. (SED7) have maximum activity at 4% starch, 65˚C and pH of 8.5. Lactobacillus spp. (W20-0) and Bacillus cereus (SED12-1) at 8% starch, 75 and 65˚C, 8.5 and 7.5 pH respectively. Bacillus subtilis (W26-2) Bacillus licheniformis (W20-1), Lactobacillus spp. (SED10) at 6%starch; 35, 65, 45˚C; 6.5, 4.5, 4.5 PH., Bacillus spp.(SED8-3)&Bacillus spp. (W9) at 4% & 2%, 55˚C, 8.5 &4.5 pH and have maximum activity at 4% starch, 65˚C and pH of 8.5 and at 8% starch, 75 and 65˚C, 8.5 and 7.5 pH respectively., Lactobacillus spp. (SED10) at 6% starch; 35, 65, 45˚C; 6.5, 4.5, 4.5 PH. Bacillus spp. (SED8-3) and Bacillus spp.(W9) at 4% and 2%, 55˚C, 8.5 &4.5 PH. The amylase produced by bacterial isolates from Budamada hot spring was thermostable and performed from 65oC up to 75˚C. For most of the enzymes the optimum temperature was observed to be 65˚C; whereas optimum substrate concentration and pH for most of them were 4% starch and 8.5pH respectively. They were active at a various starch conditions (2%-10%), pH of 4.5-8.5, and temperature of 35-75°C.Generally, the bacteria isolated were thermophilic and produced thermostable amylase. Therefore, Budamada hot spring could be the source of thermophilic microorganisms and thermozymes as well
Benthic Macroinvertebrates as Indicators of Organic Pollution in Upstream Batena River, Hossana, Central Ethiopia
Get PDFBenthic macro invertebrates are insects and other organism without a back bone that can be seen without magnification and that live in the bottom of all water bodies. They are bio monitor species in determining the water quality in fresh water and other aquatic ecosystems as they are indicator of environmental change of aquatic ecosystem and fresh water ecosystem. The aim of this study was to assess Organic pollution by using benthic macro invertebrate as indicator in upstream parts of Batena River and implication to the water quality of the river. Benthic Macro invertebrates were collected using Scrubber net and sieve with mesh size of 1mm. A total of 57 individual within 4 families belong to 4 orders and one class was identified during the study period. Most dominant group was Hemiptera 29(50.8%), Diptera14 for Chironomidae (Red) (24.56%) and for Diptera family chironomidae (Pale) (19.3%). Sphendiea, Psephyendiea and class of Turbilaria accounts the same percentage (1.75%) and their total abundance was also similar. The pollution level of the river was assessed using Hillsenhoff Family Biotic Index (HFBI) and the value was 7.96. Over all study showed that the river is polluted and have poor water quality as result of diverse Organic pollutant agents. Therefore, the local people and administration of the river should work hard to prevent further deterioration of the river quality by raising public awareness, prevention of waste disposal and treat the waste water before discharging it directly to the river
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Retrospective Study on Prevalence of Diarrheal Disease among Children Under Five Years Visiting in Hossana Nigist Elleni Mohammed Memorial Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from September 2020-August 2022, Hossana, Central, Ethiopia
Get PDFDiarrhea is a disease having loose or watery stools at least three times per days or more than three per day from different types of acute diarrhea cases can lead significant fluid loose dehydration which is causes of death. It is one of the major leading causes of under-five morbidity, mortality and under nutrition in developing countries. In Ethiopia diarrhea is the most killer of children and serious public health problems. The main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of diarrheal disease among less than five year. The study specifically aimed to determine the prevalence of diarrheal disease among less than five year’s children, to estimate the prevalence of diarrheal disease among child patient who visited Hossana Nigist Elleni Mohammed memorial Comprehensive Specialized Hospital during the last three years (2020-2022) and to give educational awareness for the maternal of affect area and prevention control. The method used in this study was retrospective study. Under this study male and female children were classified by sex and year of the study from 2020-2022 respectively. In this study data on diarrheal disease infected children were collected from Health Management Information Service office in Hossana Nigist Elleni Mohamed memorial Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. This estimated 288 of the case among children under-five years of age in Hossana Nigist Elleni Mohamed memorial Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. As assessed the prevalence of diarrhea disease among under five years children in Hossana Nigist Elleni Mohammed memorial Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, diarrheal prevalence variable from season to season because of water pollution by different microorganism. Prevalence of diarrheal disease within three years least/less 601 (21%) of patient of diarrhea were recorded in 2020, highest case number in 2021 case which involved 1237 (43%) and with 1029 (36%) cased in 2022 respectively were recorded. This disease can also estimate by the sex ration, most of the time males could be affected by diarrheal disease. Because most of the time males have susceptible immune system as the study indicated. Further study on immune system of both sexes could be suggested
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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